SSC CGL 2023 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On: 21 Jul 2023 Shift 1)

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\n $\frac{12}{100} \times 12000$ $\frac{12}{100} \times 12000$ $\frac{12}{100} \times 12000$ = 12000 + 1200 = Rs 13200

\n\n

Increase in expenditure = 8000 + 8% of 8000 = 8000 + 640 = Rs 8640

\n\n

Savings after increase = 13200 – 8640 = Rs 4560

\n\n

Increase in savings = Rs 4560 – 4000 = Rs 560

\n\n

Savings percentage increase = 560/4000 × 100 $\frac{940}{2000} \times 100 = 47$ % = 14%

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 66, "si": 2, "text": "At simple interest a sum of Rs. 6,400 becomes Rs. 8,320 in 3 years. What will Rs. 7,200 become in 5 years at the same rate? ", "comp": "", "opts": ["Rs. 10,200", "Rs. 10,600", "Rs. 10,800", "Rs. 10,400"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

Interest for 3 years = 8320 - 6400 ⇒ 1920

\n\n

1920 = (6400 × 3 × x)/100 ⇒ 192x = 1920 ⇒ x = 10%

\n\n

S.I = (P × T × R)/100 = (7200 × 5 × 10)/100 ⇒ 3600

\n\n

Amount = 7200 + 3600 ⇒ 10800

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 67, "si": 2, "text": "

In the given figure, a circle is inscribed in ΔPQR, such that it touches the sides PQ, QR and RP at points D, E, F, respectively. If the lengths of the sides PQ = 18 cm. QR = 13 cm and RP = 15 cm, then find the length of PD.

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["10 cm", "8 cm", "15 cm", "12 cm"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

Let PD be x cm, then QD = (18 – x) cm

\n\n

⇒ QE = (18 – x) cm

\n\n

⇒ RE = 13 – (18 – x) = x – 5

\n\n

⇒ RF = (x – 5)

\n\n

⇒ PF = 15 – x + 5 = 20 – x

\n\n

⇒ 20 – x = x ⇒ 2x = 20 ⇒ x = 20/2 ⇒ x = 10 cm

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 68, "si": 2, "text": "A works 3.5 times as fast as B, and A takes 45 days less than B to complete a job when each works alone. Calculate the number of days taken to complete the same job if A and B work together.", "comp": "", "opts": ["10.5", "17.5", "21", "14"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

Let us assume the time taken by A and B is 2x and 7x.

\n\n

The difference in the number of days A and B = 45

\n\n

⇒ 7x - 2x = 45 ⇒ x = 45/5 = 9

\n\n

So, Total Work = 9 × 14 = 126 units

\n\n

Work completed by A and B in days = 126/9 = 14 days

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 69, "si": 2, "text": "

Solve the following expression.

\n\n

50 - [20 + (30 - (25 - 5)]

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["10", "30", "20", "40"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

50 - [20 + (30 - (25 - 5)] ⇒ 50 - [20 + (30 - 20)] ⇒ 50 - [20 + 10] ⇒ 50 - 30 ⇒ 20

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 70, "si": 2, "text": "A sold an article to B at 25% profit and B further sold it to C by earning a certain profit. If the cost price of C is 30% more than the cost price of A, then find the profit percentage earned by B.", "comp": "", "opts": ["\$5 \\frac{1}{2} \\% \\\\ \$", "4%", "5%", "\$ 4\\frac{1}{2} \\%\$"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

Let A buy the article for Rs.100x

\n\n

A sold it to B at [100x + (100x × 25%)] = Rs.125x

\n\n

C bought the article for = 100x + 100 × 30/100 = 130x

\n\n

Profit% = (130x – 125x) = 5/125 × 100 = 4%

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 71, "si": 2, "text": "

The following figure shows the percentage growth in units of fans and coolers sold in some years. What is the difference between the averages of the growth rate in coolers and fans?

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["34", "30", "32", "42"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

Calculation

\n\n

The averages of the growth rate in coolers = (60 + 72 + 54 + 45)/4 = 231/4

\n\n

The averages of the growth rate in fans = (27 + 18 + 30 + 20)/4 = 95/4

\n\n

Difference = 231/4 - 95/4 = 136/4 = 34

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 72, "si": 2, "text": "Raghav covers a distance of 3300 m in 45 minutes. What is his speed (in km/h)? ", "comp": "", "opts": ["5", "4.4", "2.25", "3.75"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

3300 m = 3.3 km and 45 min = 45/60 = 0.75 hours

\n\n

Speed = 3.3/0.75 = 4.4 km/hr.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 73, "si": 2, "text": "

In the given figure, ΔQPS ≅ ΔSRQ. Find the measure of ∠PSR.

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["64°", "74°", "52°", "82°"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

⇒ 106 = 2x + 12 ⇒ 2x = 94 /2 = 47

\n\n

∠QSR = 180 - 52 - 106 = 22

\n\n

∠PSQ = ∠SQR = 52

\n\n

∠S = 52 + 22 = 74°

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 74, "si": 2, "text": "If successive discounts of 5%, 10% and p% are equivalent to a single discount of 31.6%, then the value of p is: ", "comp": "", "opts": ["15", "25", "20", "30"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

SP = x × 19/20 × 9/10 × (100 - p)/100 = x × 68.4/100 ⇒ (100 - p)/100 = 0.8

\n\n

⇒ (100 - p) = 80 ⇒ p = 20

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 75, "si": 2, "text": "

What is the difference between the total production of Cotton and Khadi?

\n\n

Note: Ignore negative sign, if any

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["10", "11", "8", "7"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The total production of Cotton = 114 + 120 + 121 = 355

\n\n

The total production of Khadi = 118 + 120 + 125 = 363

\n\n

The difference between the total production of Cotton and Khadi = 363 - 355 = 8

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 76, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the given word.

\n\n

Perseverance

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Irresolution", "Obstinacy", "Readiness", "Eloquence"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Irresolution'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Perseverance' is 'Irresolution'.
Perseverance: persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success. (दृढ़ता)\n\t
- Example: His perseverance with the technique illustrates his single-mindedness.
\n\t
Irresolution: hesitancy; uncertainty. (दुबिधा)\n\t
- Example: a moment of irresolution...
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Irresolution.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Obstinacy: the quality or condition of being obstinate; stubbornness. (हठ)
- Readiness: the state of being ready or prepared. [(किसी बात के लिए) तत्‍परता या मुस्‍तैदी]
- Eloquence: fluent or persuasive speaking or writing. (वाक्‌चातुर्य)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 77, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

\n\n

A group of worshippers

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Congregation", "Crowd", "Caravan", "Constellation"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Congregation'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Congregation'.
Congregation: the act of coming together in a crowd or group; a gathering. (एकत्रित होने की क्रिया; सभा, जमाव)\n\t
- Example: the singing of psalms by the whole congregation...
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Congregation.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Crowd: a large number of people in one place. (भीड़, जनसमूह)
- Caravan: a large vehicle that is pulled by a car. You can sleep, cook, etc. in a caravan when you are travelling or on holiday. (कारयुक्त बड़ा वाहन जिसमें आमोद यात्रा के दौरान रहने, सोने, खाना पकाने आदि का प्रबंध होता है; कारवाँ)
- Constellation: a group of stars that forms a pattern and has a name. (तारों का वह समूह जिससे कोई आकार बनता है तथा उसका कोई नाम होता है; तारामंडल, नक्षत्र)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 78, "si": 3, "text": "

Parts of the following sentence have been given as options. Select the option that contains an error.

\n\n

He will return in a hour.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["return", "He will", "hour", "in a"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'in a'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The error in the sentence is in the article used before "hour."
The correct article to use is "an" instead of "a."
The reason for using "an" instead of "a" is based on the rule of using the article "an" before words that begin with a vowel sound.
In this case, although "hour" starts with the consonant 'h', it has a vowel sound (pronounced as "ow-er"), so the correct article to use is "an."
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: He will return in an hour.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 79, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

\n\n

Her sudden arrival has disarranged my plans.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Timing", "Entrance", "Departure", "Appearance"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Departure'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Arrival' is 'Departure'.
Arrival: reaching the place to which you were travelling. [(किसी स्‍थान पर) आगमन, पहुँच]\n\t
- Example: We were told our rooms had not been reserved on our arrival.
\n\t
Departure: leaving or going away from a place. (प्रस्‍थान क्रिया, रवानगी)\n\t
- Example: Passengers should check in at least one hour before departure.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Departure.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Timing: the time when something is planned to happen. (कुछ करने या घटित होने के लिए निर्धारित समय; समय-निर्धारण)
- Entrance: the door, gate, or opening where you go into a place. (प्रवेश द्वार)
- Appearance: the way that somebody/something looks or seems. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु का बाहरी रूप; रूप-रंग)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 80, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A. It superseded India's previous educational strategy, which was created in 1986.

\n\n

B. The Indian union cabinet approved the country's national education strategy on 29 July 2020.

\n\n

C. And it provides a framework for education from the primary grades up to higher education, as well as for vocational training in both urban and rural settings.

\n\n

D. This policy significantly improves India's educational system. Restructuring India's educational system is the primary goal of the National Education Policy 2022.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["DBCA", "ABDC", "BCDA", "BADC"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'BADC'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The logical sequence of the given question is as follows:\n\t
- B. The Indian union cabinet approved the country's national education strategy on 29 July 2020.\n\n\t\t
  - This line introduces the inception of the national education strategy in India, signifying an important event where the strategy was officially sanctioned.
  \n\t\t
- A. It superseded India's previous educational strategy, which was created in 1986.\n\t\t
  - Here, it's explained that the newly approved strategy replaced the old one from 1986, indicating a shift or upgrade in the educational approach taken by the country.
  \n\t\t
- D. This policy significantly improves India's educational system. Restructuring India's educational system is the primary goal of the National Education Policy 2022.\n\t\t
  - This line elaborates on the impact and goal of the new strategy, emphasizing its purpose of reforming and enhancing the educational system in India.
  \n\t\t
- C. And it provides a framework for education from the primary grades up to higher education, as well as for vocational training in both urban and rural settings.\n\t\t
  - Lastly, this sentence outlines the comprehensive nature of the strategy, indicating that it covers education from primary levels through higher education, along with vocational training in diverse settings, thus completing the contextual picture of the national education strategy.
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sequence: The Indian union cabinet approved the country's national education strategy on 29 July 2020. It superseded India's previous educational strategy, which was created in 1986. This policy significantly improves India's educational system. Restructuring India's educational system is the primary goal of the National Education Policy 2022. And it provides a framework for education from the primary grades up to higher education, as well as for vocational training in both urban and rural settings.

\n\n

Important Points

\n\n

Practice is key! Regularly practicing rearranging sentences or paragraphs will improve your ability to discern logical sequences and enhance your overall comprehension skills.
When facing questions that require rearranging sentences or paragraphs to form a coherent sequence, consider the following steps:\n\t
- Read Carefully: Go through each sentence attentively to understand its context, topic, and the information it provides. Note any connecting phrases or words that link sentences together.
- Identify the Logical Flow: Look for clues within the sentences that indicate a sequence. Sentences might introduce a topic, provide details, give examples, or conclude the idea. Pay attention to time markers, cause-and-effect relationships, or other transitional phrases.
- Start with Key Points: Sometimes, certain sentences act as introductory or concluding statements. Begin with sentences that introduce the topic or provide a conclusion, as they often set the context or summarize the content.
- Connect Related Ideas: Identify relationships between sentences. For example, a sentence might explain or support the idea presented in the previous sentence. Look for coherence and progression in the ideas presented.
- Consider Keyword Consistency: Check for keywords or recurring themes that link sentences. These can help establish a logical sequence. Pay attention to pronouns (he, it, they) referring to previously mentioned subjects.
- Evaluate Options: Once you have a tentative sequence, review it to ensure that the ideas flow logically and coherently. Eliminate options that disrupt the logical flow or create inconsistencies.
- Test the Flow: Mentally or visually run through the proposed sequence to verify if it reads smoothly and makes sense. Ensure that there's a clear progression from the beginning to the end.
- Double-Check: Before finalizing your answer, double-check the sequence to confirm that it presents a cohesive and logical progression of ideas.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 81, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate phrasal verb to fill in the blank.

\n\n

Mohan __________ the charge of Centre for Life Skills from Mustafa.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["took out", "took through", "took off", "took over"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'took over'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

In the given sentence, "took over" is the appropriate phrasal verb that denotes assuming control or responsibility from someone else (किसी और से नियंत्रण या जिम्मेदारी लेना), making it the correct choice in this context.
"Took over" means assuming control or responsibility from someone else.
In the context provided, Mohan is assumed to assume the responsibility or control of the Centre for Life Skills from Mustafa.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: Mohan took over the charge of Centre for Life Skills from Mustafa.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other options:\n\t
- took out: This phrasal verb usually means to remove something or to extract (किसी चीज़ को हटाना या निकालना), but it doesn't fit the context of assuming control or responsibility.
- took through: This phrase doesn't commonly exist as a phrasal verb. "Take through" might mean guiding or leading someone through a process, but it doesn’t align with the context provided.
- took off: This phrasal verb typically means to depart quickly or to become successful suddenly (शीघ्र प्रस्थान करना या अचानक सफल होना). It doesn't suit the context of assuming responsibility or control.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 82, "si": 3, "text": "

Identify the sentence that provides the meaning of the given idiom.

\n\n

Under the cloud

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["The classmates were dancing together under the rain.", "The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car. ", "The Red fort looks beautiful amidst the cloudy weather and cold atmosphere. ", "It was the best place to sit under the sky with hands full of food."], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car.'

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The sentence that provides the meaning of the idiom "under the cloud" is: 2) The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car.
Explanation: The idiom "under the cloud" typically refers to being in a situation of trouble, disgrace, or suspicion. In the provided sentence, the driver being "under suspicion" aligns with the meaning of the idiom, indicating a negative or questionable situation.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Origin: The origin of the idiom "under the cloud" is believed to date back centuries and likely comes from the association of clouds with uncertainty or trouble. Being "under a cloud" signifies being in a shadow or obscured by something negative, much like how a literal cloud can cast a shadow on the ground. Over time, it has been used figuratively to imply being in an unfavorable or problematic situation.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 83, "si": 3, "text": "

Choose the option that can substitute the underlined segment correctly and complete the meaning of the sentence.

\n\n

Bajrang is in extreme pain in his teeth.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Enjoy", "Agony", "Hurt", "Sting"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Agony'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate word to substitute for "pain" in the sentence "Bajrang is in extreme pain in his teeth" would be: Agony
Explanation: While all the options convey a sense of discomfort or physical sensation, "agony" specifically emphasizes an intense and extreme level of pain. In the context of severe tooth pain, "agony" best expresses the level of discomfort Bajrang is experiencing. \n\t
- Example: "Bajrang is in extreme agony due to his toothache."
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Agony.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Enjoy: be happy and elated. (खुश और उत्साहित रहो)
- Hurt: to cause somebody/yourself physical pain or injury. (अपने या किसी को तकलीफ़ देना या चोट पहुँचाना)
- Sting: to make somebody/something feel a sudden, sharp pain. (काटने का-सा एकाएक तीखा दर्द पैदा करना)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 84, "si": 3, "text": "Select the INCORRECTLY spelt word. ", "comp": "", "opts": ["Nocturnal", "Repulcive", "Scoreboard", "Irrespective"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Repulcive'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The incorrectly spelled word is: Repulcive.
Repulsive (घृणित) - Arousing intense disgust or aversion.\n\t
- Example: "The sight of the decaying food was utterly repulsive."
\n\t
Let's look at the meaning of other examples: \n\t
- Nocturnal (निशाचर) - Relating to or occurring during the night.
- Scoreboard (स्कोरबोर्ड) - A large board or electronic display that shows the score in a game or competition.
- Irrespective (चाहे जैसा भी) - Regardless of, without taking into account.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Repulcive.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 85, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the word 'Unsure' from the given sentence.

\n\n

Himanshi is preparing customised gifts and handicrafts for surprising Mehul on his retirement, but the date is not certain yet.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["date", "certain", "customised", "handicrafts"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'certain'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the word 'Unsure' from the given sentence is: 2) certain.
Explanation: "Unsure" means uncertain or having doubts. The word that represents the opposite meaning, or antonym, in this context is "certain," indicating a state of confidence or assurance about something.
In the sentence, it's mentioned that the date for the retirement surprise is uncertain, hence the opposite of uncertain in this context is "certain."
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: certain.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- date: a particular day of the month or year. (महीने या वर्ष का विशेष दिन, तिथि, दिनांक, तारीख़)
- customised: modify (something) to suit a particular individual or task. (स्वनिर्धारित)
- handicrafts: an activity that needs skill with the hands as well as artistic ability, for example sewing. [हस्‍तकौशल तथा कलात्‍मक क्षमता वाली गतिविधि (जैसे सीना-पिरोना); हस्‍तशिल्‍प]
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 86, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

\n\n

He was acquitted of all the charges in the court today.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Conformed", "Discharged", "Praised", "Convicted"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Convicted'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the underlined word 'Acquitted' is 'Convicted'
Acquitted: to state formally that a person is not guilty of a crime. (किसी के निर्दोष होने की विधिवत घोषणा करना)\n\t
- Example: The jury acquitted her of murder.
\n\t
Convicted: to say officially in a court of law that somebody is guilty of a crime. (न्‍यायालय द्वारा अपराधी या दोषी ठहराया जाना)\n\t
- Example: He was convicted of armed robbery and sent to prison.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Convicted.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Conformed: to obey a rule or law. (नियम या क़ानून का अनुपालन करना; के अनुसार होना; संगत होना)
- Discharged: to send something out (a liquid, gas, etc.) [(द्रव, गैस आदि को) छोड़ना]
- Praised: to say that somebody/something is good and should be admired. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु की प्रशंसा करना, उसे सराहना)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 87, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

\n\n

Her modest behaviour was appreciated by everyone in the assembly.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["distant", "unpresuming", "conceited", "obvious"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'conceited'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the underlined word 'modest' is 'conceited'.
Modest: not talking too much about your own abilities, good qualities, etc. [विनम्र, विनीत (अपनी क्षमताओं आदि का बखान न करने वाला)]\n\t
- Example: She got the best results in the exam but she was too modest to tell anyone.
\n\t
Conceited: excessively proud of oneself; vain. (अहंकारी, घमंडी)\n\t
- Example: He’s so conceited—he thinks he’s the best at everything!
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: conceited.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- distant: a long way away in space or time. (स्‍थान या समय की दृष्टि से काफ़ी दूर)
- unpresuming: modest; unassuming. (निःसंदेह)
- obvious: easily seen or understood; clear. (जो आसानी से दिखाई दे या समझ में आए; स्‍पष्‍ट)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 88, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate synonym of the word given in brackets to fill in the blank.

\n\n

She looked ____________ (luminous) in the diamond necklace.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["impudent", "strident", "transcendent", "resplendent"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'resplendent'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'luminous' is 'resplendent'.
Luminous: that shines in the dark. (अँधेरे में चमकने वाला)\n\t
- Example: a luminous watch...
\n\t
Resplendent: brightly coloured in an attractive and impressive way. (आकर्षक ढंग से चमकीला; दमकता हुआ, चमचमाता हुआ; देदीप्यमान)\n\t
- Example: My mother looked resplendent in a red silk sari.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: resplendent.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- impudent: very rude; lacking respect and not polite. (बहुत अशिष्‍ट; आदरभाव और नम्रता से रहित, निर्लज्ज)
- strident: (used about a voice or a sound) loud and unpleasant. [(स्‍वर या ध्वनि) तीव्र और कर्णकटु; कानफोड़ू, तीक्ष्‍ण]
- transcendent: beyond or above the range of normal or physical human experience. (उत्कृष्ट)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 89, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

\n\n

Once in a blue moon

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Very ancient", "Very colorful", "Very rare", "Very high"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Very rare'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'Once in a blue moon' is 'Very rare'.
Once in a blue moon: very rarely; almost never. (बहुत कम; लगभग कभी नहीं)\n\t
- Example: Once in a blue moon I go to the cinema, only when there's a film I really, really want to see.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Once in a blue moon.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 90, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

\n\n

Who teaches her geography?

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["By who geography is taught to her? ", "By whom she is taught geography?", "By whom is she taught geography?", "By whom was she taught geography?"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'By whom is she taught geography?'

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The given sentence is in the active voice. As per the question we have to change it into passive voice.
The process of transformation is as follows:\n\t
- We know that 'Who' is changed into 'By whom' in 'active to passive' voice transformation.
- The structure of it as follows: \n\t\t
  - Who+has+V3+object?
  - By whom+has+Object+been+V3?
  \n\t\t
- 'teaches' will be changed into 'is taught'.
- Example:\n\t\t
  - Who has broken the chair? (active voice)
  - By whom has the chair been broken? (passive voice)
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: By whom is she taught geography?

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 91, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A. Because of the region's scorching heat and aridity, a considerable amount of water evaporates.

\n\n

B. As a result, the salt and other minerals become increasingly concentrated.

\n\n

C. It is then unable to exit the lake and is forced to evaporate.

\n\n

D. The Dead Sea is one of the saltiest bodies of water on the planet, with about ten times the salt content of typical saltwater.

\n\n

E. This is because water flows into the Dead Sea from a single primary tributary, the Jordan River.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["DECAB", "DCBAE", "DEABC", "DACEB"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'DECAB'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The given question is an example of a Para Jumble.
We know that the first statement of a para jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, starting of an incident, or it starts with 'most' or 'once'.
The correct sequence to form a coherent paragraph is: DECAB.\n\t
- D. The Dead Sea is one of the saltiest bodies of water on the planet, with about ten times the salt content of typical saltwater.
- E. This is because water flows into the Dead Sea from a single primary tributary, the Jordan River.
- C. It is then unable to exit the lake and is forced to evaporate.
- A. Because of the region's scorching heat and aridity, a considerable amount of water evaporates.
- B. As a result, the salt and other minerals become increasingly concentrated.
\n\t
This arrangement also makes sense. It begins by stating the uniqueness of the Dead Sea's saltiness (D) and then explains the reason behind this high salt content (E). Subsequently, it describes the inability of water to exit and the subsequent evaporation (C), which is due to the extreme heat and aridity of the region (A).
Finally, it concludes by linking the consequence of water evaporation to the increased concentration of salt and minerals (B). This sequence creates a logical flow of information, explaining the characteristics and factors contributing to the Dead Sea's high salinity.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: The Dead Sea is one of the saltiest bodies of water on the planet, with about ten times the salt content of typical saltwater. This is because water flows into the Dead Sea from a single primary tributary, the Jordan River. It is then unable to exit the lake and is forced to evaporate. Because of the region's scorching heat and aridity, a considerable amount of water evaporates. As a result, the salt and other minerals become increasingly concentrated.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 92, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A) Bauxite is used as a main raw material for the production of aluminium.

\n\n

B) Precipitation is a pre-final stage for actual production.

\n\n

C) Sodium aluminate is acquired in the next step.

\n\n

D) The smelting process actually extracts aluminium as a final product from its oxide.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["ABCD", "ACBD", "DCAB", "ADCB"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'ACBD'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The correct sequence to form a coherent paragraph is: ACBD.
Let's look at the correct sequence:\n\t
- A) Bauxite is used as a main raw material for the production of aluminium.
- C) Sodium aluminate is acquired in the next step.
- B) Precipitation is a pre-final stage for actual production.
- D) The smelting process actually extracts aluminium as a final product from its oxide.
\n\t
In this sequence, the paragraph starts with the introduction of bauxite as the primary raw material for aluminum production (A), then proceeds to describe the acquisition of sodium aluminate (C). Following this, it explains the role of precipitation as a preparatory stage (B) and concludes by describing the smelting process that extracts aluminum from its oxide (D). This arrangement forms a coherent explanation of the stages involved in aluminum production.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Bauxite is used as a main raw material for the production of aluminium. Sodium aluminate is acquired in the next step. Precipitation is a pre-final stage for actual production. The smelting process actually extracts aluminium as a final product from its oxide.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 93, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A. She dashed from one side to the other, taking care not to destroy the lovely flowers in the garden.

\n\n

B. Karen took a stroll in a lovely garden full of tulips and butterflies.

\n\n

C. She discovered a swing constructed of tree branches behind a large bush.

\n\n

D. Karen went onto the swing without hesitation and began swinging, causing the wind to dishevel her hair.

\n\n

E. The small girl adored the outdoors and relished the breeze blowing through her hair.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["BEACD", "DBCAE", "BDECA", "BDCAE"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'BEACD'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate sequence of the given question is 'BEACD'.\n\n\t
- B. Karen took a stroll in a lovely garden full of tulips and butterflies.
- E. The small girl adored the outdoors and relished the breeze blowing through her hair.
- A. She dashed from one side to the other, taking care not to destroy the lovely flowers in the garden.
- C. She discovered a swing constructed of tree branches behind a large bush.
- D. Karen went onto the swing without hesitation and began swinging, causing the wind to dishevel her hair.
\n\t
This arrangement starts by introducing Karen's stroll in the beautiful garden (B), followed by the mention of the small girl enjoying the outdoors and the breeze (E). It then describes Karen being cautious not to damage the flowers in the garden (A), followed by her discovery of the swing made of tree branches (C). Finally, it concludes with Karen's immediate action of getting onto the swing and enjoying the experience (D). This sequence creates a coherent flow, describing Karen's exploration and enjoyment of the garden's elements.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sequence: Karen took a stroll in a lovely garden full of tulips and butterflies. The small girl adored the outdoors and relished the breeze blowing through her hair. She dashed from one side to the other, taking care not to destroy the lovely flowers in the garden. She discovered a swing constructed of tree branches behind a large bush. Karen went onto the swing without hesitation and began swinging, causing the wind to dishevel her hair.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 94, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

\n\n

Who broke my glasses?

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Who had broken my glasses?", "Who is breaking my glasses?", "By whom were my glasses being broken?", "By whom were my glasses broken?"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'By whom were my glasses broken?'

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The given sentence is in the active voice. As per the question we have to change it into passive voice.
The process of transformation is as follows:\n\t
- We know that 'Who' is changed into 'By whom' in 'active to passive' voice transformation.
- The structure of it as follows: \n\t\t
  - Who+has+V3+object?
  - By whom+has+Object+been+V3?
  \n\t\t
- 'broke' will be changed into 'were broken'.
- Example:\n\t\t
  - Who has broken the chair? (active voice)
  - By whom has the chair been broken? (passive voice)
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: By whom were my glasses broken?

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 95, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the correctly spelt option that can substitute the underlined word in the given sentence.

\n\n

Her duel attitude misguides everyone.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["daul", "deul", "dual", "dwell"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'dual'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The correctly spelt word that can substitute the underlined word "duel" in the sentence is: dual.
"Dual" means having two aspects or components. In the context of the sentence provided, "dual attitude" refers to having two contradictory or conflicting attitudes. The other options don't represent the intended meaning or are misspellings.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: Her dual attitude misguided everyone.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 96, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 1. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

Posters are (1) __________ to promote a brand or pass (2) __________ important information. They can be used for (3) __________ purposes ranging from telling people to be cautious as the floor is wet, to informing them about an upcoming sale or event. They usually include a picture (4) __________ very few words. A suitable (5) __________ makes a poster effective and memorable.

\n", "opts": ["use", "uses", "being use", "used"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'used'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 1 is: used.
The given sentence requires a past participle to form the passive voice, indicating that the posters are the object receiving the action.
The context of the sentence indicates that posters are employed or utilized for a purpose.
"Used" as the past participle fits this meaning perfectly, indicating that posters are a tool or instrument for promoting a brand or passing information.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Passage: Posters are used to promote a brand or pass (2) __________ important information. They can be used for (3) __________ purposes ranging from telling people to be cautious as the floor is wet, to informing them about an upcoming sale or event. They usually include a picture (4) __________ very few words. A suitable (5) __________ makes a poster effective and memorable.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

"Uses" is the third-person singular present tense, which doesn't match the plural subject.
"Being use" is grammatically incorrect as it combines the gerund form ("being") with the bare infinitive ("use").
"Use" is the bare infinitive, which cannot function as the main verb in this sentence.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 97, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 2. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["away", "on", "for", "to"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'on'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The appropriate option to fill in blank no. 2: on.
The sentence structure discussing posters indicates they are utilized "to promote a brand or pass on important information."
Here, "pass on" implies that posters serve as a medium through which important information is communicated or transferred to the audience.
It highlights the role of posters as a channel or platform for conveying crucial details, emphasizing that the posters themselves are the means by which this information is transmitted.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sequence: Posters are used to promote a brand or pass on important information. They can be used for (3) __________ purposes ranging from telling people to be cautious as the floor is wet, to informing them about an upcoming sale or event. They usually include a picture (4) __________ very few words. A suitable (5) __________ makes a poster effective and memorable.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 98, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 3. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["little", "varied", "much", "similar"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'varied'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 3 is: varied.
The sentence structure suggests that posters have diverse uses or applications.
They can serve various purposes, from warning people about a wet floor to informing them about upcoming sales or events. Therefore, "varied" fits well in this context to indicate the diverse range of purposes for which posters can be used.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Passage: Posters are used to promote a brand or pass on important information. They can be used for varied purposes ranging from telling people to be cautious as the floor is wet, to informing them about an upcoming sale or event. They usually include a picture (4) __________ very few words. A suitable (5) __________ makes a poster effective and memorable.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 99, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 4. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["nor", "and", "yet", "also"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'and'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 4: and.
The sentence structure suggests that posters usually include a picture "and" very few words.
The word "and" in this context serves to connect or add to the previous statement, indicating that along with a picture, posters also contain minimal text. This conjunction helps convey that posters typically consist of both visual elements and limited textual information.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Passage: Posters are used to promote a brand or pass on important information. They can be used for varied purposes ranging from telling people to be cautious as the floor is wet, to informing them about an upcoming sale or event. They usually include a picture and very few words. A suitable (5) __________ makes a poster effective and memorable.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 100, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 5.", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["caption", "anticipation", "quotation", "caution"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'caption'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 5 is 'caption'.
In the context provided, a "caption" is a concise explanation or description accompanying an image.
Since the sentence refers to posters usually including a picture and very few words, the term "caption" aligns with the idea that the limited textual content on a poster often consists of a brief description or caption that complements the image.
Captions play a crucial role in making a poster effective and memorable by providing context or enhancing the visual message.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sequence: Posters are used to promote a brand or pass on important information. They can be used for varied purposes ranging from telling people to be cautious as the floor is wet, to informing them about an upcoming sale or event. They usually include a picture and very few words. A suitable caption makes a poster effective and memorable.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Anticipation is a feeling of excitement about something that is going to happen in the near future. In the context of a poster's elements, anticipation is more of an emotional response rather than a tangible component of a poster.
Quotation refers to a group of words taken from a text or speech and repeated by someone other than the original author or speaker. Although a quotation can be used in a poster, it is not as universally applicable or necessary for effectiveness as a caption.
Caution is a warning against danger or risk. While caution could be the focus of a poster's message, especially in safety posters, it is not an element that inherently makes a poster effective or memorable across all contexts.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}], "hi": [{"n": 1, "si": 0, "text": "

उस शब्द-युग्म का चयन करें जो नीचे दिए गए शब्दों के युग्म में व्यक्त किए गए संबंध के समान सबसे अच्छा प्रतिनिधित्व करता है। (शब्दों को सार्थक अंग्रेजी शब्दों के रूप में माना जाना चाहिए और वे शब्द में अक्षरों की संख्या/व्यंजनों/स्वरों की संख्या के आधार पर एक-दूसरे से संबंधित नहीं होने चाहिए।)

\n\n

घोड़ा : घोड़ी

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["बैल : गाय", "बत्तख : चूजा", "कुत्ता : बछड़ा", "तितली : लार्वा"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

तर्क: एक प्रजाति का नर नाम: एक प्रजाति का मादा नाम

\n\n

घोड़ा : घोड़ी

\n\n

⇒ घोड़ा और घोड़ी क्रमशः घोड़ा प्रजाति के नर और मादा समकक्ष हैं।

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

विकल्प (1) - बैल : गाय → सही

\n\n

⇒ बैल और गाय क्रमशः मवेशी प्रजातियों के नर और मादा समकक्ष हैं।

\n\n

विकल्प (2) - बत्तख : चूजा → गलत

\n\n

⇒ बत्तख और चूजा क्रमशः माता-पिता और संतान के संबंध का प्रतिनिधित्व करते हैं। मक्खी और मुर्गी क्रमशः बत्तख प्रजाति के नर और मादा समकक्ष हैं।

\n\n

विकल्प (3) - कुत्ता : बछड़ा → गलत

\n\n

⇒ कुत्ता और कुतिया क्रमशः कुत्ते की प्रजाति के नर और मादा समकक्ष हैं। बछड़ा, घरेलू गाय का बच्चा है।

\n\n

विकल्प (4) - तितली : लार्वा → गलत

\n\n

⇒ लार्वा, तितली के विभिन्न जीवन चक्र चरणों का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है।

\n\n

अतः, "बैल : गाय" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 2, "si": 0, "text": "

उस विकल्प आकृति का चयन करें जिसमें दी गई आकृति सन्निहित है (घूर्णन की अनुमति नहीं है)।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

आकृति को घुमाया नहीं जाना चाहिए।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

अतः, सही उत्तर "विकल्प - (4)" है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 3, "si": 0, "text": "दिए गए संख्या युग्मों में दूसरी संख्या, पहली संख्या पर कुछ गणितीय संक्रियाएँ निष्पादित करके प्राप्त की जाती है। एक को छोड़कर, सभी संख्या युग्मों में समान संक्रियाएँ की जाती हैं। वह विषम संख्या युग्म ज्ञात कीजिए।", "comp": "", "opts": ["(8, 62)", "(10, 100)", "(14, 194)", "(12, 142)"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

तर्क: (पहली संख्या का वर्ग - 2) = दूसरी संख्या

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

विकल्प - (1) : (8, 62)

\n\n

\$(8)^2\$ - 2 = 62

\n\n

64 - 2 = 62

\n\n

62 = 62 (LHS (बायाँ पक्ष) = RHS (दायाँ पक्ष))

\n\n

विकल्प - (2) : (10, 100)

\n\n

\$(10)^2\$ - 2 = 100

\n\n

100 - 2 = 100

\n\n

98 ≠ 100 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n\n

विकल्प - (3) : (14, 194)

\n\n

\$(14)^2\$ - 2 = 194

\n\n

196 - 2 = 194

\n\n

194 = 194 (LHS = RHS)

\n\n

विकल्प - (4) : (12, 142)

\n\n

\$(12)^2\$ - 2 = 142

\n\n

144 - 2 = 142

\n\n

142 = 142 (LHS = RHS)

\n\n

अतः, "विकल्प - (2)" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 4, "si": 0, "text": "

उस विकल्प का चयन करें जो दिए गए शब्दों के सही क्रम को दर्शाता है जिस प्रकार कि वे अंग्रेजी शब्दकोश में दिखाई देंगे।

\n\n

1. Calamity

\n\n

2. Calcium

\n\n

3. Calculus

\n\n

4. Calmly

\n\n

5. Calories

\n\n

6. Calendar

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6", "1, 2, 3, 6, 4, 5", "2, 3, 1, 6, 4, 5", "1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 5"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

शब्दकोश में अनुक्रम के अनुसार:

\n\n

1. Calamity

\n\n

2. Calcium

\n\n

3. Calculus

\n\n

6. Calendar

\n\n

4. Calmly

\n\n

5. Calories

\n\n

अतः, सही विकल्प "1, 2, 3, 6, 4, 5" है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 5, "si": 0, "text": "

एक ही पासे की तीन अलग-अलग स्थितियाँ दिखाई गई हैं। '2' दर्शाने वाले फलक के विपरीत फलक पर संख्या ज्ञात कीजिए।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["4", "3", "6", "5"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

यहाँ अनुसरण किया गया तर्क निम्न है:-

\n\n

दिए गए तीन अलग-अलग घनों, आकृति 1 और आकृति 3 से, आसन्न भुजाएँ नीचे दर्शाई गई हैं:

\n\n

चूँकि आकृति 1 और आकृति 3 दोनों में 2 उभयनिष्ठ है, इसलिए यह स्पष्ट है कि 1, 3, 4 और 6 इसके आसन्न हैं, और शेष संख्या, अर्थात 5 इसके विपरीत होगी।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

विपरीत युग्म:

\n\n

4 → 3

\n\n

1 → 6

\n\n

5 → 5

\n\n

इसलिए, "2" का विपरीत फलक "5" होगा।

\n\n

अतः, सही उत्तर "5" है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 6, "si": 0, "text": "

उस विकल्प का चयन करें जो तीसरे पद से उसी प्रकार संबंधित है जैसे दूसरा पद, पहले पद से संबंधित है और छठा पद, पांचवें पद से संबंधित है।

\n\n

6 ∶ 136 ∶∶ 8 ∶ ? ∶∶ 12 ∶ 568

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["248", "284", "244", "288"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

तर्क: (पहली संख्या × 2)2 - 8 = दूसरी संख्या

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

6 ∶ 136

\n\n

(6 × 2)² - 8 = 136

\n\n

(12)² - 8 = 136

\n\n

144 - 8 = 136

\n\n

136 = 136 (LHS (बायाँ पक्ष) = RHS (दायाँ पक्ष))

\n\n

और,

\n\n

12 ∶ 568

\n\n

(12 × 2)2 - 8 = 568

\n\n

(24)²- 8 = 568

\n\n

576 - 8 = 568

\n\n

568 = 568 (LHS = RHS)

\n\n

इसी प्रकार,

\n\n

8 ∶ ?

\n\n

(8 × 2)2 - 8 = ?

\n\n

(16)² - 8 = ?

\n\n

256 - 8 = ?

\n\n

248 = ?

\n\n

इसलिए, "248" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 7, "si": 0, "text": "

जब दर्पण को दाईं ओर रखा जाता है तो कौन सी उत्तर आकृति दी गई प्रश्न आकृति का सटीक दर्पण प्रतिबिम्ब है?

\n\n

प्रश्न आकृति:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

जब दर्पण को AB पर रखा जाता है तो दी गई आकृति का सही दर्पण प्रतिबिम्ब नीचे दर्शाया गया है:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

अतः, सही उत्तर "विकल्प - (3)" है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 8, "si": 0, "text": "

गणितीय चिह्नों के उस सही संयोजन का चयन करें जो क्रमिक रूप से * चिह्नों को प्रतिस्थापित कर सके और दिए गए समीकरण को संतुलित कर सके।

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["× + ÷ -", "× ÷ - +", "+ ÷ × -", "÷ - × +"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

दिया गया कथन: 96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15

\n\n

प्रश्न के अनुसार, * चिह्नों को बदलने के बाद:

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

विकल्प - (1) : × + ÷ -

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15 ⇒ 96 × 3 + 7 ÷ 4 - 11 = 15

\n\n

96 × 3 + 1.75 - 11 = 15

\n\n

288 + 1.75 - 11 = 15

\n\n

289.75 - 11 = 15

\n\n

278.75 ≠ 15 (LHS (बायाँ पक्ष) ≠ RHS (दायाँ पक्ष))

\n\n

विकल्प - (2) : × ÷ - +

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15 ⇒ 96 × 3 ÷ 7 - 4 + 11 = 15

\n\n

96 × 0.42 - 4 + 11 = 15

\n\n

40.32 + 11 - 4 = 15

\n\n

51.32 - 4 = 15

\n\n

47.32 ≠ 15 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n\n

विकल्प - (3) : + ÷ × -

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15 ⇒ 96 + 3 ÷ 7 × 4 - 11 = 15

\n\n

96 + 0.42 × 4 - 11 = 15

\n\n

96 + 1.68 - 11 = 15

\n\n

97.68 - 11 = 15

\n\n

82.68 ≠ 15 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n\n

विकल्प - (4) : ÷ - × +

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15 ⇒ 96 ÷ 3 - 7 × 4 + 11 = 15

\n\n

32 - 7 × 4 + 11 = 15

\n\n

32 + 11 - 28 = 15

\n\n

43 - 28 = 15

\n\n

15 = 15 (LHS = RHS)

\n\n

अतः, "विकल्प - (4)" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 9, "si": 0, "text": "

उस विकल्प का चयन करें जो पांचवें अक्षर-समूह से उसी प्रकार संबंधित है जैसे दूसरा अक्षर-समूह, पहले अक्षर-समूह से संबंधित है और चौथा अक्षर-समूह, तीसरे अक्षर-समूह से संबंधित है।

\n\n

ADAMS : DASMA :: TOWER : OTREW :: RAINY : ?

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["ARYNI", "YNIAR", "INYRA ", "AINYR"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

तर्क:

\n\n

पहले दो अक्षर → परस्पर बदले गए स्थान
अंतिम तीन अक्षर → विकर्णीय रूप से लिखे गए

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

ADAMS : DASMA

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

और,

\n\n

TOWER : OTREW

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

इसी प्रकार,

\n\n

RAINY : ?

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

इसलिए, "ARYNI" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 10, "si": 0, "text": "

उस समूह का चयन करें जिसमें संख्याएँ उसी प्रकार संबंधित हैं जैसे निम्नलिखित समूह की संख्याएँ संबंधित हैं।

\n\n

(नोट: संख्याओं को उसके घटक अंकों में तोड़े बिना, संक्रियाएँ पूर्ण संख्याओं पर की जानी चाहिए। उदाहरण के लिए, 13- 13 पर संक्रियाएँ जैसे कि 13 में जोड़ना/घटाना/गुणा करना आदि की जा सकती हैं। 13 को 1 में तोड़ना और 3 और फिर 1 और 3 पर गणितीय संक्रियाएँ करने की अनुमति नहीं है)

\n\n

(26, 62, 140)

\n\n

(12, 39, 75)

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["(20, 38, 108)", "(20, 48, 108)", "(50, 48, 108)", "(20, 48, 98)"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

तर्क: (पहली संख्या × 3) + दूसरी संख्या = तीसरी संख्या

\n\n

दिया गया है:

\n\n

(26, 62, 140)

\n\n

(26 × 3) + 62 = 140

\n\n

78 + 62 = 140

\n\n

140 = 140 (LHS (बायाँ पक्ष) = RHS (दायाँ पक्ष))

\n\n

(12, 39, 75)

\n\n

(12 × 3) + 39 = 75

\n\n

36 + 39 = 75

\n\n

75 = 75 (LHS = RHS)

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

विकल्प - (1) : (20, 38, 108)

\n\n

(20 × 3) + 38 = 108

\n\n

60 + 38 = 108

\n\n

98 ≠ 108 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n\n

विकल्प - (2) : (20, 48, 108)

\n\n

(20 × 3) + 48 = 108

\n\n

60 + 48 = 108

\n\n

108 = 108 (LHS = RHS)

\n\n

विकल्प - (3) : (50, 48, 108)

\n\n

(50 × 3) + 48 = 108

\n\n

150 + 48 = 108

\n\n

198 ≠ 108 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n\n

विकल्प - (4) : (20, 48, 98)

\n\n

(20 × 3) + 48 = 98

\n\n

60 + 48 = 98

\n\n

108 ≠ 108 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n\n

अतः, "विकल्प - (2)" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 11, "si": 0, "text": "

निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा अक्षर-समूह दी गई शृंखला में प्रश्न चिह्न (?) को प्रतिस्थापित करेगा?

\n\n

EJCK, GMDO, IPES, ?, MVGA

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["KRFW", "KTFW", "KSFW", "KRFV"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

तर्क: अंग्रेजी वर्णमाला शृंखला के अनुसार पहले, दूसरे, तीसरे और चौथे अक्षर के स्थितीय मान में क्रमशः (2), (3), (1) और (4) जोड़ा जाता है।

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

अतः, "KSFW" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 12, "si": 0, "text": "

दिए गए पैटर्न का ध्यानपूर्वक अध्ययन करें और उस संख्या का चयन करें जो इसमें प्रश्न चिह्न (?) को प्रतिस्थापित कर सके।

\n\n

(3, 5, 6)

\n\n

(5, 12, 15)

\n\n

(9, 4, ?)

\n\n

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["13", "9", "11", "7"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

तर्क: (पहली संख्या + दूसरी संख्या) - 2 = तीसरी संख्या

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

(3, 5, 6)

\n\n

3 + 5 - 2 = 6

\n\n

8 - 2 = 6

\n\n

6 = 6 (LHS = RHS)

\n\n

और,

\n\n

(5, 12, 15)

\n\n

5 + 12 - 2 = 15

\n\n

17 - 2 = 15

\n\n

15 = 15 (LHS = RHS)

\n\n

इसी प्रकार,

\n\n

(9, 4, ?)

\n\n

9 + 4 - 2 = ?

\n\n

13 - 2 = ?

\n\n

11 = ?

\n\n

इसलिए, "11" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 13, "si": 0, "text": "

\n\n

(6, 16, 8)

\n\n

(5, 15, 9)

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["(4, 12, 11)", "(3, 11, 11)", "(3, 19, 11)", "(4, 32, 8)"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

Logic : [(2nd number × 3) ÷ 1st number] = 3rd number

\n\n

So,

\n\n

Option - (2) : (3, 11, 11)

\n\n

(11 × 3) ÷ 3 = 11

\n\n

33 ÷ 3 = 11

\n\n

11 = 11 (LHS = RHS)

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 14, "si": 0, "text": "

विकल्पों में से उस आकृति का चयन करें जो प्रश्न चिह्न को प्रतिस्थापित कर सके और दिए गए पैटर्न को पूरा कर सके।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

निम्नलिखित आकृति शृंखला में प्रश्न चिह्न (?) को प्रतिस्थापित करने वाली आकृति को नीचे दिखाया गया है:

\n\n

1) तत्व ' $\"\"$ ' के लिए → एक कदम आगे की दिशा में और एक कदम पीछे की दिशा में स्थानांतरित करना।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

2) तत्व ' $\"\"$ ' के लिए → एक कदम आगे की दिशा में और फिर बारी-बारी से पीछे की दिशा में स्थानांतरित करना।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

3) तत्व ' $\"\"$ ' के लिए → बारी-बारी से पीछे की दिशा में और फिर एक कदम आगे की दिशा में स्थानांतरित करना।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

4) तत्व ' $\"\"$ ' के लिए → एक कदम आगे की दिशा में और फिर बारी-बारी से पीछे की दिशा में स्थानांतरित करना।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

5) तत्व ' $\"\"$ ' के लिए → पीछे की दिशा में स्थानांतरित करना।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

अंतिम शृंखला है:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

अतः, 'विकल्प - (2)' सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 15, "si": 0, "text": "अमिल एक लड़की की ओर इशारा करता है और कहता है कि वह उसकी इकलौती पुत्री के पिता के दादा की पोती है। अमिल के पिता का कोई भाई-बहन नहीं है। उस लड़की का अमिल से क्या संबंध है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["पोती", "बहन", "दादी", "माता "], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

वंश आरेख:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

दिया गया कथन: अमिल एक लड़की की ओर इशारा करता है और कहता है कि वह उसकी इकलौती पुत्री के पिता के दादा की पोती है। अमिल के पिता का कोई भाई-बहन नहीं है।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

इस प्रकार, अंतिम वंश-वृक्ष के अनुसार लड़की अमिल की बहन है।

\n\n

अतः, "बहन" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 16, "si": 0, "text": "एक निश्चित कूट भाषा में, 'BREAD' को RBBDA के रूप में कूटबद्ध किया जाता है और 'FLOUR' को LFLRU के रूप में कूटबद्ध किया जाता है। उसी भाषा में 'PAINT' को कैसे कूटबद्ध किया जाएगा?", "comp": "", "opts": ["AFPTN", "APLTN", "NTFAP", "APFTN"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

तर्क :

\n\n

पहले दो अक्षर → परस्पर बदले गए स्थान
तीसरा अक्षर→ अंग्रेजी वर्णमाला क्रम के अनुसार स्थितीय मान से (3) घटाया जाता है।
अंतिम दो अक्षर → परस्पर बदले गए स्थान

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

'PAINT' को निम्न प्रकार कूटबद्ध किया जाएगा:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 17, "si": 0, "text": "

दिए गए समीकरण को सही बनाने के लिए किन दो चिह्नों को परस्पर बदला जाना चाहिए?

\n\n

459 + 17 × 12 ÷ 72 - 47 = 349

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["÷ और +", "÷ और -", "+ और ×", "- और +"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

दिया गया कथन: 459 + 17 × 12 ÷ 72 - 47 = 349

\n\n

प्रश्न के अनुसार, चिह्नों को बदलने के बाद:

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

विकल्प - (1) : ÷ और +

\n\n

459 + 17 × 12 ÷ 72 - 47 = 349 ⇒ 459 ÷ 17 × 12 + 72 - 47 = 349

\n\n

27 × 12 + 72 - 47 = 349

\n\n

324 + 72 - 47 = 349

\n\n

396 - 47 = 349

\n\n

349 = 349 (LHS (बायाँ पक्ष) = RHS (दायाँ पक्ष))

\n\n

विकल्प - (2) : ÷ और -

\n\n

459 + 17 × 12 ÷ 72 - 47 = 349 ⇒ 459 + 17 × 12 - 72 ÷ 47 = 349

\n\n

459 + 17 × 12 - 1.53 = 349

\n\n

459 + 204 - 1.53 = 349

\n\n

663 - 1.53 = 349

\n\n

661.47 ≠ 349 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n\n

विकल्प - (3) : + और ×

\n\n

459 + 17 × 12 ÷ 72 - 47 = 349 ⇒ 459 × 17 + 12 ÷ 72 - 47 = 349

\n\n

459 × 17 + 0.17 - 47 = 349

\n\n

7803 + 0.17 - 47 = 349

\n\n

7803.17 - 47 = 349

\n\n

7756.17 ≠ 349 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n\n

विकल्प - (4) : - और +

\n\n

459 + 17 × 12 ÷ 72 - 47 = 349 ⇒ 459 - 17 × 12 ÷ 72 + 47 = 349

\n\n

459 - 17 × 0.17 + 47 = 349

\n\n

459 + 47 - 2.89 = 349

\n\n

506 - 2.89 = 349

\n\n

503.11 ≠ 349 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n\n

अतः, "विकल्प - (1)" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 18, "si": 0, "text": "चार अक्षर-समूह दिए गए हैं, जिनमें से तीन किसी प्रकार से समान हैं और एक भिन्न है। विषम अक्षर-समूह का चयन करें।", "comp": "", "opts": ["JPSW", "BEJQ", "CFKR", "MPUB"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

यहाँ अनुसरण किया गया तर्क निम्न है:-

\n\n

पहला और दूसरा अक्षर → अंग्रेजी वर्णमाला शृंखला के अनुसार स्थितीय मानों के बीच का अंतर (3) है।
दूसरा और तीसरा अक्षर → अंग्रेजी वर्णमाला शृंखला के अनुसार स्थितीय मानों के बीच का अंतर (5) है।
तीसरा और चौथा अक्षर → अंग्रेजी वर्णमाला शृंखला के अनुसार स्थितीय मानों के बीच का अंतर (7) है।

\n\n

1) JPSW

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

2) BEJQ

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

3) CFKR

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

4) MPUB

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

∴ यहाँ, 'JPSW' अन्य तीन विकल्पों से भिन्न है।

\n\n

अतः, सही उत्तर "JPSW" है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 19, "si": 0, "text": "

उस विकल्प आकृति का चयन करें जो दी गई आकृति में सन्निहित है (घूर्णन की अनुमति नहीं है)।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

प्रतिबिम्ब को घूमना नहीं चाहिए।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

अतः, सही उत्तर "विकल्प - (1)" है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 20, "si": 0, "text": "

उस वेन आरेख का चयन करें जो निम्नलिखित वर्गों के बीच संबंध को सर्वोत्तम रूप से दर्शाता है।

\n\n

दिरहम, दुबई, मुद्रा

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

सही वेन आरेख निरूपण निम्न है:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

⇒चूँकि दिरहम एक प्रकार की मुद्रा है, इसलिए यह मुद्रा का हिस्सा है। इसलिए सभी दिरहम, मुद्रा में आने चाहिए।

\n\n

⇒ दुबई, सात अमीरातों में से एक है जिसकी मुद्रा अलग है इसलिए इसे अलग से दिखाया जाना चाहिए।

\n\n

अतः, "विकल्प - (2)" सही उत्तर है।

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

दिरहम, मोरक्को और संयुक्त अरब अमीरात की मुद्राओं का नाम है।
दुबई, सात अमीरातों में से एक है।
मुद्रा, वस्तुओं और सेवाओं के विनिमय का एक माध्यम है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 21, "si": 0, "text": "

उस आकृति का चयन करें जो निम्नलिखित आकृति शृंखला में प्रश्न चिह्न (?) को प्रतिस्थापित करेगी।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

\n\n

1) तत्व ' $\"\"$ ' के लिए → कोई परिवर्तन नहीं होता है।

\n\n

2) तत्व ' $\"\"$ ' के लिए

\n\n

→ छायांकित क्षेत्र को बारी-बारी से गैर-छायांकित क्षेत्र में बदला जाता है।

\n\n

→ गैर छायांकित क्षेत्र को बारी-बारी से छायांकित क्षेत्र में बदला जाता है।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

अंतिम शृंखला है:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

अतः, 'विकल्प - (2)' सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 22, "si": 0, "text": "

उस विकल्प का चयन करें जो उन अक्षरों को दर्शाता है, जिन्हें नीचे रिक्त स्थान में बाएँ से दाएँ रखने पर अक्षर शृंखला पूरी हो जाएगी।

\n\n

_ R Q _ P R _ S _ _ Q S P R Q _

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["P Q R S PR", "P S Q P R S", "P S R Q P S ", "P R Q S P S"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

दिया गया है: _ R Q _ P R _ S _ _ Q S P R Q _

\n\n

विकल्पों की जाँच करने पर:

\n\n

P Q R S P R → P R Q Q P R R S S P Q S P R Q R → (यह पैटर्न का अनुसरण नहीं करता है)
P S Q P R S → P R Q S P R Q S P R Q S P R Q S → (यह पैटर्न:PRQS - PRQS - PRQS - PRQS का अनुसरण करता है)
P S R Q P S → P R Q S P R R S Q P Q S P R Q S → (यह पैटर्न का अनुसरण नहीं करता है)
P R Q S P S → P R Q R P R Q S S P Q S P R Q S → (यह पैटर्न का अनुसरण नहीं करता है)

\n\n

⇒विकल्प - (2) "P R Q S - P R Q S - P R Q S - P R Q S" का पैटर्न देता है।

\n\n

अतः, "P S Q P R S" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 23, "si": 0, "text": "

निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी संख्या दी गई शृंखला में प्रश्न चिह्न (?) को प्रतिस्थापित करेगी?

\n\n

245, 212, ?, 146, 113, 80

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["176", "179", "178", "180"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

तर्क: बाद में प्रत्येक संख्या से (33) को घटा दिया जाता है।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

अतः, "179" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 24, "si": 0, "text": "

\n\n

महिलाएँ, माताएँ, गायक

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

⇒ चूँकि माता, महिला वर्ग का उपसमुच्चय है, इसलिए महिलाओं में सम्पूर्ण माता आएँगी।

\n\n

⇒ चूँकि कुछ महिलाएँ और माताएँ गायक भी हो सकती हैं, इसलिए गायक में महिलाओं और माता दोनों का कुछ भाग समान है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 25, "si": 0, "text": "एक निश्चित कूट भाषा में, 'UPSIDE' को 'NJNEAC' के रूप में कूटबद्ध किया जाता है और 'GINGER' को 'ZCICBP' के रूप में कूटबद्ध किया जाता है। 'BRUNCH' को उसी भाषा में कैसे कूटबद्ध किया जाएगा?", "comp": "", "opts": ["TKOKYE", "VMQKAG", "WNRKBH", "ULPJZF"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

तर्क: दिए गए शब्द के पहले अक्षर से शुरू होने वाली अंग्रेजी वर्णमाला शृंखला के अनुसार क्रमशः (7), (6), (5), (4), (3) और (2) को स्थितीय मान से घटाया जाता है।

\n\n

इसलिए,

\n\n

'UPSIDE' को 'NJNEAC' कूटबद्ध किया गया है

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

और,

\n\n

'GINGER' को 'ZCICBP' के रूप में कूटबद्ध किया गया है

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

इसी प्रकार,

\n\n

'BRUNCH' को निम्न प्रकार कूटबद्ध किया जाएगा:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

इसलिए, "ULPJZF" सही उत्तर है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 26, "si": 1, "text": "फरवरी 2021 में, निम्नलिखित में से किस मामले में न्यायालय ने पाया कि दो वयस्कों द्वारा विवाह करने का निर्णय लेने पर परिवार की सहमति की आवश्यकता नहीं है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["सतबीर सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य", "राहुल शर्मा बनाम नेशनल इंश्योरेंस कंपनी लिमिटेड", "देवीलाल बनाम मध्य प्रदेश राज्य", "लक्ष्मीबाई चंद्रागी बनाम कर्नाटक राज्य"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

सही उत्तर लक्ष्मीबाई चंद्रागी बनाम कर्नाटक राज्य है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

लक्ष्मीबाई चंद्रागी बी. बनाम कर्नाटक राज्य (2021) - व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता को कायम रखना।\n\n\t
- भारतीय सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने लक्ष्मीबाई चंद्रागी बी बनाम कर्नाटक राज्य (2021) और अन्य मामले में एक ऐतिहासिक निर्णय दिया, जिसमें संविधान के अनुच्छेद 21 के तहत किसी के जीवन साथी को चुनने के मूल अधिकार को बरकरार रखा गया।
- न्यायालय ने इस बात पर जोर दिया कि विवाह पर किसी व्यक्ति का निर्णय जाति, सामाजिक परंपराओं या पारिवारिक अनुमोदन से प्रभावित नहीं होना चाहिए।
\n\t

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

सतबीर सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य - दहेज हत्या से संबंधित।\n\n\t
- सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने दहेज हत्या से जुड़ी 12 दिशा निर्देशों का जिक्र किया।
- सर्वोच्च न्यायालय द्वारा "मृत्यु से ठीक पहले" का अर्थ स्पष्ट किया गया था। इसने विचारण न्यायालय को दिशानिर्देश प्रदान किए जिसमें कहा गया कि "मृत्यु से ठीक पहले" का अर्थ यह नहीं है कि न्यायालय को यह याद रखना चाहिए कि दहेज हत्या और महिला की मृत्यु से ठीक पहले पति या रिश्तेदारों द्वारा मांगे गए दहेज के लिए क्रूरता के बीच उचित संबंध होना चाहिए।
\n\t
राहुल शर्मा बनाम नेशनल इंश्योरेंस कंपनी लिमिटेड (2021) -\n\t
- यह मामला दिल्ली उच्च न्यायालय के पिछले फैसले के संशोधित मुआवजे वाले हिस्से को चुनौती देता है।
- इस फैसले में कहा गया कि स्व-रोज़गार होने के बावजूद वह अपनी आय में भविष्य की संभावनाओं के 40% के लिए उत्तरदायी होगी।
\n\t
देवीलाल बनाम मध्य प्रदेश राज्य - अस्पृश्यता निवारण\n\t
- देवीलाल बनाम मध्य प्रदेश राज्य मामला महत्वपूर्ण है क्योंकि यह अस्पृश्यता की घटना पर केंद्रित है। अस्पृश्यता एक दुर प्रथा है जो प्राचीन काल से ग्रामीण और कुछ शहरी क्षेत्रों में प्रचलित रही है।
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 27, "si": 1, "text": "निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कार्बनिक यौगिक ओलेफ़िएंट गैस का पर्याय है जिसका उपयोग एनेस्थेटिक्स, रेफ्रिजरेंट और अन्य रसायन बनाने के लिए किया जाता है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["एथिलीन", "1-पेंटीन", "मीथेन", "ब्यूटेन"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

सही उत्तर एथिलीन है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

एथिलीन, जिसे पकने वाला हार्मोन भी कहा जाता है, पौधों की वृद्धि में भूमिका निभाता है।
एथिलीन एक मधुर गंध और स्वाद वाली रंगहीन गैस के रूप में दिखाई देती है।
यह वायु से भी हल्का है।
एथिलीन का उपयोग एनेस्थेटिक्स, रेफ्रिजरेंट और अन्य रसायन बनाने में किया जाता है।
यह एक महत्वपूर्ण प्राकृतिक पादप हार्मोन भी है और इसका उपयोग फलों को पकाने के लिए कृषि में किया जाता है।
एथिलीन का हाइड्रेट इथेनॉल है।

\n\n

Additional Information
\nमीथेन

\n\n

इस यौगिक में 1 कार्बन परमाणु होता है जिसे 'मेथ' लिखकर दर्शाया जाता है।
इस यौगिक में सभी एकल आबद्ध हैं, इसलिए यह संतृप्त है।
संतृप्त हाइड्रोकार्बन को अंतिम 'एन' से दर्शाया जाता है।
'मीथ' और 'एन' को मिलाने पर इसके यौगिक का IUPAC नाम 'मीथेन' हो जाता है।
मीथेन का आणविक सूत्र CH4 है।
इस प्रकार, IUPAC नाम और हाइड्रोकार्बन CH4 का सामान्य नाम एक ही है, मीथेन।
यह एक अल्केन है और इसका सामान्य सूत्र CnH2n+2. है।

\n\n

ब्यूटेन

\n\n

ब्यूटेन पैराफिन शृंखला के रासायनिक सूत्र C4H10 के साथ दो संतृप्त हाइड्रोकार्बन या अल्केन्स में से एक है। दोनों यौगिकों में, कार्बन परमाणु एक खुली शृंखला एन-ब्यूटेन में जुड़े हुए हैं।
ब्यूटेन व्युत्पन्न अत्यधिक ज्वलनशील, रंगहीन, आसानी से तरलीकृत गैसें हैं जो कमरे के ताप पर जल्दी से वाष्पीकृत हो जाती हैं।
ब्यूटेन का IUPAC नामकरण (CH3CH2CH2CH3) है।
ब्यूटेन को गैसोलीन में मिलाया जाता है और ठंडी जलवायु में इसकी अस्थिरता बढ़ जाती है। रिफाइनरी प्रक्रिया में आइसोब्यूटेन में परिवर्तित किया जाता है जिसे आइसोमेराइजेशन (समावयवीकरण) के रूप में जाना जाता है, इसे गैसोलीन के मूल्यवान उच्च-ऑक्टेन घटकों को बनाने के लिए ब्यूटेन जैसे कुछ अन्य हाइड्रोकार्बन व्युत्पन्न के साथ अभिक्रिया की जा सकती है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 28, "si": 1, "text": "निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सी गोदावरी नदी की सहायक नदी नहीं है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["माही", "प्राणहिता", "मंजरा", "पूर्णा"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

सही उत्तर माही है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

माही मध्य प्रदेश से निकलती है और राजस्थान के वागर क्षेत्र से बहती हुई गुजरात में प्रवेश करती है और अरब सागर में मिल जाती है।
माही नदी भारत की एकमात्र नदी है जो कर्क रेखा को दो बार काटती है, पहले मध्य प्रदेश में फिर यह राजस्थान की ओर बहती है और गुजरात में प्रवेश करती है जहां यह दूसरी बार कटती है।
यह उत्तर और उत्तर-पश्चिम में अरावली पहाड़ियों, पूर्व में मालवा पठार, दक्षिण में विंध्य और पश्चिम में खंभात की खाड़ी से घिरी है।
यह मध्य प्रदेश के धार जिले में 500 मीटर की ऊंचाई पर विंध्य के उत्तरी ढलानों से निकलती है।
यह खंभात की खाड़ी से होकर अरब सागर में गिरती है।
जल विद्युत संयंत्र माही बजाज सागर बांध और कडाना बांध में स्थित हैं।
वडोदरा बेसिन का एकमात्र महत्वपूर्ण शहरी केंद्र है।
माही गोदावरी की सहायक नदी नहीं है।

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Additional Information

\n\n

गोदावरी नदी प्रायद्वीपीय भारत की सबसे बड़ी नदी है।
यह देश की दूसरी सबसे लंबी नदी है जिसकी लंबाई 1465 किमी है।
गोदावरी नदी का पुराना नाम वृद्ध (पुरानी) गंगा या दक्षिण (दक्षिण) गंगा था।
इसकी उत्पत्ति महाराष्ट्र से हुई है।
गोदावरी की सहायक नदियाँ हैं - प्रवरा, पूर्णा, मंजरा, पेंगंगा, वर्धा, वैनगंगा, प्राणहिता, इंद्रावती, मानेर और सबरी
सबसे लम्बी सहायक नदी - मंजीरा
सबसे बड़ी सहायक नदी - प्राणहिता

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 29, "si": 1, "text": "संविधान को अपनाने के अलावा 26 जनवरी को गणतंत्र दिवस मनाने के दिन के रूप में चुने जाने का क्या महत्व है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["1857 की क्रांति", "भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस का स्थापना दिवस", "पूर्ण स्वराज की घोषणा", "चंपारण सत्याग्रह का दिन"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

सही उत्तर पूर्ण स्वराज की घोषणा है।

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Key Points

\n\n

26 जनवरी को गणतंत्र दिवस मनाने के दिन के रूप में चुने जाने का महत्व, संविधान को अपनाने के अलावा, जिस दिन भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस (आईएनसी) ने 1930 में भारतीय स्वतंत्रता की घोषणा जारी की थी,
यह दिन इसलिए चुना गया क्योंकि इसी दिन कांग्रेस के पूर्ण स्वराज संकल्प को अपनाया गया था।
26 जनवरी 1950 को देश भर में गणतंत्र दिवस मनाया जाता है, जिस दिन संविधान लागू हुआ था।
इस दिन भारत की प्राचीन सभ्यता की शुरुआत हुई, जो कई संस्कृतियों और साम्राज्यों का मिश्रण थी।

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Additional Information

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चंपारण सत्याग्रह (अप्रैल 1917):
यह बिहार के चंपारण जिले में गांधी जी के नेतृत्व में किया गया पहला सत्याग्रह आंदोलन था।
मुद्दा तिनकठिया प्रणाली (कुल भूमि का (3/20)वां भाग) के तहत नील की खेती का था।
गांधीजी ने अधिकारियों को इस व्यवस्था को ख़त्म करने के लिए मना लिया।
मांग मान ली गई और 25 फीसदी मुआवजा दे दिया गया।
भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस\n\t
- भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस का गठन 1885 में ए.ओ. ह्यूम, एक अंग्रेज और एक सेवानिवृत्त सिविल सेवक के द्वारा किया गया था।
- भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस की स्थापना 1885 में हुई।
- INC का पहला सत्र बॉम्बे के गोकुलदास तेजपाल संस्कृति कॉलेज में आयोजित किया गया था।
- इसकी अध्यक्षता बंगाल के वोमेश चंद्र बनर्जी ने की और इसमें 72 प्रतिनिधियों ने भाग लिया।
- डब्ल्यू.सी. बनर्जी पहले भारतीय बैरिस्टरों में से एक थे और उस समय के अग्रणी कानूनी दिग्गजों में से एक थे, उनके चुनाव ने एक स्वस्थ मिसाल स्थापित की कि अध्यक्ष को उस प्रांत के अलावा किसी अन्य प्रांत से चुना जाना चाहिए जहां कांग्रेस आयोजित की जा रही थी।
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 30, "si": 1, "text": "अकबर के शासनकाल के दौरान, _________ वह भूमि थी जो तीन या चार वर्षों तक परती पड़ी रहती थी।", "comp": "", "opts": ["परती", "पोलज", "चाचर", "बंजर"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "अकबर के शासन काल में चाचर वह भूमि थी जो तीन या चार वर्षों तक परती पड़ी रहती थी। अकबर के शासनकाल के दौरान, सभी कृषि भूमि को चार प्रभागों में वर्गीकृत किया गया था: पोलज, परती, चाचर, बंजर। पोलज भूमि पर हमेशा खेती की जाती थी और उसे कभी परती नहीं छोड़ा जाता था। परौती भूमि को उसकी उर्वरता बनाए रखने के लिए एक या दो वर्ष के लिए परती छोड़ दिया जाता था। बंजर भूमि को पाँच या अधिक वर्षों तक परती छोड़ दिया जाता था।", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 31, "si": 1, "text": "अटल पेंशन योजना के ग्राहकों के लिए आयु मानदंड क्या है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["20 - 30 वर्ष", "25 - 35 वर्ष", "18 - 40 वर्ष", "40 - 60 वर्ष"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

सही उत्तर 18-40 है।

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Key Points

\n\n

अटल पेंशन योजना:-\n\n\t
- यह असंगठित क्षेत्र के श्रमिकों पर लक्षित सरकार समर्थित पेंशन योजना है।
- इसे सभी पात्र ग्राहकों को एक निर्धारित पेंशन प्रदान करने के लिए 2015 में शुरू किया गया था।
- पेंशन राशि योजना में शामिल होने के समय ग्राहक की उम्र, योगदान राशि और योगदान की अवधि पर निर्भर करती है।
- प्रवेश की न्यूनतम आयु 18 वर्ष और अधिकतम आयु 40 वर्ष है।
- पेंशन लाभ प्राप्त करने के लिए ग्राहक को 60 वर्ष की आयु तक नियमित योगदान करना होगा।
- योगदान की राशि प्रवेश की आयु और ग्राहक द्वारा चुनी गई पेंशन राशि पर निर्भर करती है।
- अटल पेंशन योजना (APY) के तहत, ग्राहकों के योगदान के आधार पर 60 साल की उम्र में प्रति माह 1,000/- या 2,000/- या 3,000/- या 4,000 या 5,000/- रुपये की गारंटीकृत न्यूनतम पेंशन दी जाएगी।
- APY ने स्वावलंबन योजना का स्थान ले लिया।
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 32, "si": 1, "text": "डॉ. डी.एस अठवाल को 'भारत में __________ क्रांति के जनक' के रूप में जाना जाता था।", "comp": "", "opts": ["तिलहन", "चावल", "बाजरा", "गेहूँ"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

सही उत्तर गेहूं है।

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Key Points

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1966 में "पीवी 18" और 1967 में सबसे प्रसिद्ध एम्बर-दानेदार गेहूं की किस्म "कल्याणसोना" बनाने में डॉ. डी.एस. अठवाल का हाथ था।
कल्याणसोना का नाम पंजाबी गांव "कल्याणपुर" के नाम पर रखा गया था, जहां अठवाल का जन्म 1928 में हुआ था।
दिलबाग सिंह अठवाल एक कृषि वैज्ञानिक हैं जिन्हें अक्सर "गेहूं क्रांति का जनक" कहा जाता है।
वह 1967 में अंतर्राष्ट्रीय चावल अनुसंधान संस्थान की प्रबंधन दल के सदस्य बने और अंततः पहले उप महानिदेशक का पद संभाला।

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Additional Information

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प्रसिद्ध कृषि वैज्ञानिक एम.एस. स्वामीनाथन को "हरित क्रांति का जनक" कहा जाता है।
भारत में कुछ महत्वपूर्ण क्रांतियाँ:

\n\n\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n

क्रांति	सम्बंधित
हरित क्रांति	कृषि
ग्रे क्रांति	उर्वरक
काली क्रांति	पेट्रोलियम
भूरी क्रांति	चमड़ा, कोको
नीली क्रांति	मछली
रजत क्रांति	अंडे
\n\t\t\t स्वर्ण क्रांति \n\t\t\t	बागवानी एवं शहद
सुनहरा रेशा क्रांति	जूट
लाल क्रांति	मांस और टमाटर
पीत क्रांति	\n\t\t\t तिलहन (सरसों और सूरजमुखी) \n\t\t\t
गुलाबी क्रांति	प्याज, झींगा
रेशा क्रांति	कपास

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 33, "si": 1, "text": "

निम्नलिखित में से किसे प्रवाह परिवर्त का उदाहरण माना जा सकता है?

\n\n

(i) चावल का उत्पादन

\n\n

(ii) कपड़े का आयात

\n\n

(iii) पूंजी में परिवर्तन

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["(i), (ii) और (iii) में से कोई नहीं", "केवल (iii)", "(i), (ii) और (iii) ", "केवल (i) और (ii)"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

सही उत्तर (i), (ii) और (iii) है।

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Key Points

\n\n

प्रवाह एक मात्रा है जिसे समय की अवधि के संदर्भ में मापा जाता है।
इस प्रकार, प्रवाह को एक विशिष्ट अवधि (समय की लंबाई) के संदर्भ में परिभाषित किया जाता है।
राष्ट्रीय आय एक प्रवाह है।
यह उन वस्तुओं और सेवाओं के प्रवाह का वर्णन और माप करता है जो एक वर्ष के दौरान किसी देश को उपलब्ध होती हैं।
प्रवाह परिवर्त के उदाहरण चावल का उत्पादन, कपड़े का आयात और पूंजी में परिवर्तन हैं।

\n\n

Additional Information
\n स्टॉक परिवर्त

\n\n

स्टॉक को एक विशेष समय पर परिभाषित किया जाता है।\n\n\t
- इसलिए, धन एक स्टॉक परिवर्त है क्योंकि इसे एक विशेष समय पर मापा जा सकता है।
\n\t
प्रवाह एक समय अवधि के दौरान परिवर्तन दिखाता है जबकि एक स्टॉक एक समय में एक परिवर्त की मात्रा को इंगित करता है।
धन एक स्टॉक है क्योंकि इसे एक समय पर मापा जा सकता है।
आय एक प्रवाह है क्योंकि इसे एक निश्चित अवधि में मापा जा सकता है।
वेतन और धन में परिवर्तन एक प्रवाह है क्योंकि इसे समय की अवधि में मापा जा सकता है।

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 34, "si": 1, "text": "छऊ लोक नृत्य की कितनी मुख्य शैलियाँ विद्यमान हैं?", "comp": "", "opts": ["7", "3", "9", "5"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

सही उत्तर 3 है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

छऊ या छाऊ एक अर्ध-शास्त्रीय भारतीय नृत्य है, जो ओडिशा, झारखंड और पश्चिम बंगाल के सामरिक, आदिवासी और लोक मूल का है।
इस नृत्य शैली के तीन उपप्रकार हैं:\n\t
- पुरुलिया छऊ - पश्चिम बंगाल
- मयूरबंज छऊ - ओडिशा
- सरायकेला छऊ-झारखंड
\n\t
छऊ नृत्य भारत में जनजातीय नृत्य का एक लोकप्रिय रूप है जो अपनी गतिविधियों में मार्शल आर्ट के तत्वों को शामिल करता है।
तीनों के बीच अंतर उनके मूल क्षेत्रों पर निर्भर है।
यह नृत्य पश्चिम बंगाल के पुरुलिया जिले में उत्पन्न होता है और मार्शल आर्ट और लड़ाकू प्रशिक्षण से प्रेरणा लेता है।
नृत्य का यह रूप दर्शकों के सामने कहानियों को चित्रित करने का एक साधन है, यही कारण है कि प्रदर्शन के दौरान लड़ाई और युद्ध से जुड़े विस्तृत मुखौटे और टोपी पहनी जाती हैं।
यह महाभारत और रामायण सहित महाकाव्यों, स्थानीय लोककथाओं और अमूर्त विषयों के प्रसंगों का अभिनय करता है।
एक सदी से भी अधिक पुराने इस नृत्य रूप को क्षेत्र के शाही परिवारों, अमीर जमींदारों और ब्रिटिश गवर्नरों के संरक्षकों द्वारा व्यापक रूप से समर्थन दिया गया था।
ये प्रदर्शन मुख्य रूप से गजानन महोत्सव के दौरान आयोजित किए जाते हैं, जो भगवान शिव के सम्मान में आयोजित किया जाता है।

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n

\n\t\t\t भारत में शास्त्रीय नृत्यों की सूची \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t उद्गम राज्य \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t भरतनाट्यम \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t तमिलनाडु \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t कथक \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t उत्तर प्रदेश \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t कुचिपुड़ी \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t आंध्र प्रदेश \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t ओडिसी \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t ओडिशा \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t कथकली \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t केरल \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t सत्त्रिया नृत्य \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t असम \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t मणिपुरी \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t मणिपुर \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t मोहिनीअट्टम \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t केरल \n\t\t\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 35, "si": 1, "text": "निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा देश 2023 में BWF पैरा बैडमिंटन चैंपियनशिप की मेजबानी करेगा?", "comp": "", "opts": ["चीन ", "भारत ", "थाईलैंड", "इंडोनेशिया"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

सही उत्तर थाईलैंड है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

BWF पैरा बैडमिंटन चैंपियनशिप 2023 पटाया, थाईलैंड में आयोजित हुई।
इसका आयोजन 9 मई 2023 से 14 मई 2023 तक किया गया था।
यह BWF पैरा बैडमिंटन चैंपियनशिप का 14वां संस्करण था।
भारत के पैराथलीटों ने कुल 16 पदक जीते हैं, जिनमें से चार स्वर्ण हैं।
एकल में प्रमोद भगत, सुहास और युगल में कृष्णा नागर-शिवराज और प्रमोद भगत-सुकांत कदम ने स्वर्ण पदक जीते।
एकल में नित्यसरे, तुलसीमाथी और सुकांत कदम ने और युगल में नित्यसरे और रचना पटेल ने रजत पदक जीता।

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

BWF पैरा-बैडमिंटन विश्व चैंपियनशिप की मेजबानी करता है, जो एक अलग अर्धवार्षिक प्रतियोगिता है।
शीर्ष पैरा-बैडमिंटन खिलाड़ियों के लिए लड़ने के लिए पांच डिवीजनों और छह खेल वर्गों का उपयोग किया जाता है।
जून 2011 में, पैरा बैडमिंटन वर्ल्ड फेडरेशन (PBWF) ने BWF के साथ विलय का विकल्प चुना, और इसलिए चैंपियनशिप इसके प्रबंधन के तहत आयोजित की गईं।
BWF पैरा बैडमिंटन चैंपियनशिप का 13वां संस्करण 1-6 नवंबर, 2022 तक टोक्यो, जापान में हुआ।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 36, "si": 1, "text": "निम्नलिखित स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों में से किसने साइमन कमीशन के खिलाफ विरोध प्रदर्शन के दौरान अपनी जान गंवा दी, जहां आयोग पर काले झंडे लहराए गए थे?", "comp": "", "opts": ["लाला लाजपत राय", "चितरंजन दास", "सचिन्द्र नाथ सान्याल", "सुरेंद्रनाथ बनर्जी"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

सही उत्तर लाला लाजपत राय है।

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Key Points

\n\n

लाला लाजपत राय:

\n\n

लाला लाजपत राय ने देश को आजादी दिलाने में बहुत बड़ा योगदान दिया।
एक महान स्वतंत्रता सेनानी और नेता के अलावा, लाला लाजपत राय एक प्रसिद्ध लेखक भी थे।
साइमन कमीशन के आगमन का विरोध कर रहे कार्यकर्ताओं पर पुलिस द्वारा लाठीचार्ज किये जाने से उनकी मृत्यु हो गयी।
30 अक्टूबर, 1928 को साइमन कमीशन के सदस्यों के लाहौर आगमन का बहिष्कार करने के लिए लाजपत राय की अध्यक्षता में एक शांतिपूर्ण जुलूस निकाला गया।
मार्च को रोकते हुए, पुलिस अधीक्षक, स्कॉट ने अपने पुलिस बल को 'कार्यकर्ताओं पर लाठीचार्ज' करने का आदेश दिया।
लाला लाजपत राय की मौत का बदला लेने के लिए भगत सिंह और उनके साथियों ने स्कॉट की हत्या की साजिश रची।
लेकिन, क्रांतिकारियों ने सहायक पुलिस अधीक्षक जे.पी. सॉन्डर्स को स्कॉट समझकर उसकी हत्या कर दी।

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Additional Information
\n चितरंजन दास

\n\n

उनका जन्म 5 नवंबर 1869 को ढाका, बांग्लादेश में हुआ था।
उन्हें लोकप्रिय रूप से देशबंधु कहा जाता था जिसका अर्थ है देश का मित्र।
वह एक भारतीय राजनीतिज्ञ और ब्रिटिश शासन के तहत बंगाल में स्वराज (स्वतंत्रता) पार्टी के नेता थे।
1919-1922 के असहयोग आंदोलन के दौरान वह बंगाल में एक अग्रणी व्यक्ति थे।
उन्होंने ब्रिटिश कपड़ों पर प्रतिबंध लगाने की पहल की और अपने यूरोपीय कपड़े जलाकर और खादी कपड़े पहनकर एक उदाहरण स्थापित किया।
उन्होंने अलीपुर बम मामले में अरबिंदो घोष का सफलतापूर्वक बचाव किया।
उन्होंने ब्रिटिश राज से लड़ने के लिए 'फॉरवर्ड' नाम से एक अखबार निकाला और बाद में इसका नाम बदलकर 'लिबर्टी' रख दिया।

\n\n

सचिन्द्र नाथ सान्याल

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सुभाष चंद्र बोस के जापान भाग जाने के बाद सान्याल को भारत के क्रांतिकारी आंदोलन का सबसे वरिष्ठ नेता माना जाता था।
काकोरी षडयंत्र में शामिल होने के कारण सान्याल को भी जेल हुई लेकिन बाद में उन्हें रिहा कर दिया गया।
सचिन्द्र नाथ चन्द्रशेखर आज़ाद और भगत सिंह जैसे क्रांतिकारियों के गुरु भी थे।
जेल में उन्हें तपेदिक हो गया और उनके अंतिम महीनों के लिए उन्हें गोरखपुर जेल भेज दिया गया।
7 फरवरी 1942 को उनकी मृत्यु हो गई।

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सुरेंद्रनाथ बनर्जी

\n\n

सर सुरेंद्रनाथ बनर्जी जिन्हें अक्सर राष्ट्रगुरु के नाम से जाना जाता है, ब्रिटिश शासन के दौरान एक भारतीय राष्ट्रवादी नेता थे।
उन्होंने इंडियन नेशनल एसोसिएशन नामक एक राष्ट्रवादी संगठन की स्थापना की और भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस के संस्थापक सदस्यों में से एक थे।
सुरेंद्रनाथ ने कांग्रेस के विपरीत मोंटागु-चेम्सफोर्ड सुधारों का समर्थन किया और कई उदार नेताओं के साथ उन्होंने कांग्रेस छोड़ दी और 1919 में इंडियन नेशनल लिबरेशन फेडरेशन नामक एक नए संगठन की स्थापना की।
सुरेंद्रनाथ बनर्जी का जन्म बंगाल प्रांत के कलकत्ता में एक रारही कुलिन ब्राह्मण परिवार में हुआ था, जिससे पता चलता है कि परिवार की पैतृक सीट वर्तमान पश्चिम बंगाल के रार क्षेत्र में थी।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 37, "si": 1, "text": "

क्वाशिओरकोर के बारे में सही विकल्प का चयन कीजिए।

\n\n

कथन A: यह आहार में वसा की कमी के कारण होने वाला कुपोषण का एक रूप है।

\n\n

कथन B: जिन बच्चों में क्वाशिओरकोर विकसित होता है, वे ठीक से विकसित नहीं हो पाते हैं और जीवन भर उनका विकास अवरुद्ध रह सकता है।

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["केवल कथन B सही है। ", "A और B दोनों कथन सही हैं। ", "A और B दोनों कथन ग़लत हैं। ", "केवल कथन A सही है। "], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

सही उत्तर विकल्प 1) केवल कथन B सही है, है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

आहार में प्रोटीन की कमी से क्वाशिओरकोर होता है, इसलिए कथन A गलत है।
प्रोटीन मानव शरीर की प्रत्येक कोशिका में पाया जाता है।
क्वाशिओरकोर कुपोषण का एक गंभीर रूप है जो बच्चों में सबसे अधिक प्रचलित है, जो मुख्य रूप से प्रोटीन की कमी के कारण होता है।
जिन बच्चों में क्वाशिओरकोर विकसित हो जाता है, वे ठीक से विकसित नहीं हो पाते हैं और जीवन भर उनका विकास अवरुद्ध रह सकता है, इसलिए कथन B सही है।
इस स्थिति को, जिसे "एडेमेटस कुपोषण" भी कहा जाता है, अक्सर शरीर के विभिन्न हिस्सों, जैसे टखनों, पैरों और पेट में सूजन जैसे लक्षण होते है, जिससे रोगी पतला दिखने लगता है।
यह बीमारी ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों, विशेषकर उप-सहारा क्षेत्रों में अधिक सामान्य है।
जिन क्षेत्रों में अकाल पड़ा है या जहां भोजन की आपूर्ति सीमित है, वे क्वाशिओरकोर के प्रति अधिक संवेदनशील हैं।
इसके अलावा, जिन क्षेत्रों में उचित और संतुलित आहार की जानकारी का अभाव है, वहां भी क्वाशिओरकोर के मामले अधिक संख्या में देखे जाते हैं।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 38, "si": 1, "text": "जॉन न्यूलैंड्स ने किस वर्ष परमाणु भार के क्रम में व्यवस्थित रासायनिक तत्वों की आवधिकता का प्रस्ताव करते हुए एक अभिनव अवधारणा 'अष्टक सिद्धांत' प्रतिपादित किया था?", "comp": "", "opts": ["1861", "1863", "1865", "1867"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

सही उत्तर 1865 है।

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Key Points

\n\n

'अष्टक सिद्धांत' अंग्रेजी रसायनज्ञ जे.ए.आर. न्यूलैंड्स द्वारा 1865 में प्रतिपादित किया गया था।
'अष्टक सिद्धांत' कहता है कि यदि रासायनिक तत्वों को बढ़ते परमाणु भार के अनुसार व्यवस्थित किया जाए, तो समान भौतिक और रासायनिक गुणों वाले तत्व सात तत्वों के प्रत्येक अंतराल के बाद होते हैं।
जे.ए.आर. न्यूलैंड्स तत्वों के गुणों में एक आवर्ती पैटर्न को बताने वाले पहले व्यक्ति थे और उन्होंने आवर्ती नियम के बाद के विकास का अनुमान लगाया था।

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

न्यूलैंड के अष्टक नियम की निम्नलिखित सीमाएँ थीं

\n\n

यह पाया गया कि अष्टक सिद्धांत केवल कैल्शियम तक ही लागू होता है, क्योंकि कैल्शियम के बाद हर आठवें तत्व में पहले के समान गुण नहीं होते हैं।
न्यूलैंड्स द्वारा यह मान लिया गया था कि प्रकृति में केवल 56 तत्व मौजूद हैं और भविष्य में कोई और तत्व खोजा नहीं जाएगा। लेकिन, बाद में, कई नए तत्वों की खोज की गई, जिनके गुण अष्टक के नियम में फिट नहीं बैठते थे।
उत्कृष्ट गैसों की खोज के बाद, अष्टक सिद्धांत अप्रासंगिक हो गया। इस प्रकार, न्यूलैंड्स का अष्टक नियम केवल हल्के तत्वों के साथ अच्छा कार्य करता है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 39, "si": 1, "text": "भारतीय संविधान का निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा भाग मौलिक अधिकारों से संबंधित है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["भाग IX", "भाग VI", "भाग XI", "भाग III"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

सही उत्तर भाग III है।

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Key Points

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मौलिक अधिकार संविधान के भाग 3 के अंतर्गत आते हैं, ये मौलिक अधिकार अनुच्छेद 12-35 (अनुच्छेद 31 को छोड़कर) के अंतर्गत आते हैं।
मौलिक अधिकारों के उल्लंघन के मामले में, भारत का नागरिक SC (सर्वोच्च न्यायालय) या HC (उच्च न्यायालय) जा सकता है।
मौलिक अधिकारों की विशेषता संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका के संविधान से ली गई थी।
मौलिक अधिकारों के उल्लंघन के मामले में भारत का कोई भी नागरिक सर्वोच्च न्यायालय या उच्च न्यायालय जा सकता है।
संविधान द्वारा अपने नागरिकों को 6 मौलिक अधिकार प्रदान किये गये हैं।\n\t
- समता का अधिकार (अनुच्छेद 14-18)
- स्वतंत्रता का अधिकार (अनुच्छेद 19-22)
- शोषण के विरुद्ध अधिकार (अनुच्छेद 23-24)
- धार्मिक स्वतंत्रता का अधिकार (अनुच्छेद 25-28)
- सांस्कृतिक एवं शैक्षिक अधिकार (अनुच्छेद 29-30)
- संवैधानिक उपचारों का अधिकार (अनुच्छेद 32)।\\
\n\t

\n\n

Additional Information

भाग	विवरण
I	संघ और उसका क्षेत्र
II	नागरिकता
III	मौलिक अधिकार
IV	राज्य के नीति निदेशक तत्व
IVA	मौलिक कर्तव्य
V	संघ
	- अध्याय I: कार्यपालिका

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 40, "si": 1, "text": "FTX क्रिप्टो कप निम्नलिखित में से किस खेल आयोजन से संबंधित है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["स्नूकर", "शतरंज", "बिलियर्ड्स", "गोल्फ़"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

सही उत्तर शतरंज है।

\n\n

Key Points
\n FTX क्रिप्टो कप:

\n\n

विश्व का पहला बिटकॉइन शतरंज टूर्नामेंट
FTX क्रिप्टो कप मैग्नस कार्लसन और उनके नए विश्व खिताब चैलेंजर के बीच रोमांचक पहले मैच का वादा करता है।
यह एक ऑनलाइन शतरंज टूर्नामेंट है
यह दुनिया के कुछ शीर्ष शतरंज खिलाड़ियों को आकर्षित करता है, जो शतरंज समुदाय में इसके वैश्विक महत्व में योगदान देता है।

\n\n

Additional Information

खेल	ट्रॉफी
फ़ुटबॉल	फीफा विश्व कप
टेनिस	विंबलडन (चैंपियनशिप)
गोल्फ	द मास्टर्स
क्रिकेट	आईसीसी क्रिकेट विश्व कप
अमेरिकी फुटबॉल	विंस लोम्बार्डी ट्रॉफी
बेसबॉल	कमिश्नर ट्रॉफी (एमएलबी वर्ल्ड सीरीज़)
बास्केटबॉल	लैरी ओ'ब्रायन चैम्पियनशिप ट्रॉफी (NBA)
रग्बी	वेब एलिस कप
ऑटो रेसिंग	बोर्ग-वार्नर ट्रॉफी (इंडियानापोलिस 500)

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 41, "si": 1, "text": "निम्नलिखित में से किसने पर्यावरण-अनुकूल प्रौद्योगिकियों को अपनाकर एटिकोप्पका खिलौने बनाने की पारंपरिक कला को पुनर्जीवित करने के अपने प्रयासों के लिए वर्ष 2023 का पद्म पुरस्कार जीता?", "comp": "", "opts": ["विक्टर बनर्जी", "देवेन्द्र झाझरिया", "राधेश्याम खेमका", "सी.वी. राजू"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

सही उत्तर सी.वी. राजू है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

सी.वी. राजू पर्यावरण-अनुकूल प्रौद्योगिकियों को अपनाकर एटिकोप्पाका खिलौने बनाने की पारंपरिक कला को पुनर्जीवित करने के लिए जाने जाते हैं।
एटिकोप्पाका खिलौने नरम लकड़ी और प्राकृतिक रंगों से बनाए जाते हैं।
राजू वर्ष 2023 के लिए भारत सरकार द्वारा घोषित 106 पद्म श्री पुरस्कार विजेताओं में से एक थे।
श्री राजू आंध्र प्रदेश के उन सात व्यक्तियों में से हैं जिन्हें केंद्रीय गृह मंत्रालय द्वारा घोषित पद्म पुरस्कारों के लिए चुना गया है।
कृषक से शिल्पकार बने श्री राजू की उत्पत्ति तटीय आंध्र प्रदेश के विशाखापत्तनम जिले के एक पारंपरिक शिल्पकार गांव एटिकोप्पाका में हुई है।

\n\n

Additional Information
\nविक्टर बनर्जी:

\n\n

विक्टर बनर्जी एक भारतीय अभिनेता हैं जो अंग्रेजी, हिंदी, बंगाली और असमिया भाषा की फिल्मों में दिखाई देते हैं।

\n\n

देवेंद्र झाझरिया:

\n\n

भाला फेंक में दो बार के पैरालिंपिक स्वर्ण पदक विजेता, पदम श्री।
रियो खेलों में शीर्ष सम्मान हासिल करने के लिए अपना ही विश्व रिकॉर्ड तोड़ने के बाद पैरालिंपिक में दो स्वर्ण पदक जीतने वाले पहले भारतीय है।

\n\n

राधेश्याम खेमका:

\n\n

उत्तर प्रदेश के गोरखपुर में गीता प्रेस के अध्यक्ष राधेश्याम खेमका का 4 अप्रैल 2021 को निधन हो गया।
खेमका लगभग 40 वर्षों तक सनातन धर्म की प्रसिद्ध पत्रिका कल्याण के संपादक भी रहे।
वे ही थे, जिन्होंने सनातन साहित्य को जन-जन तक पहुंचाया।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 42, "si": 1, "text": "भारत के वित्त आयोग को __________ को सिफारिशें करने की आवश्यकता होती है।", "comp": "", "opts": ["भारत के राष्ट्रपति", "वित्त मत्रांलय", "संसद", "केन्द्रीय मंत्रिमंडल"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "वित्त आयोग भारत की केंद्र सरकार और राज्य सरकारों के बीच वित्तीय संबंधों को परिभाषित करने के लिए भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद 280 के तहत भारत के राष्ट्रपति द्वारा गठित आयोग है। इसकी मुख्य जिम्मेदारी संघ और राज्य सरकारों की वित्त स्थिति का मूल्यांकन करना, करों के बंटवारे की सिफारिश करना, और राज्यों के बीच इन करों के वितरण का निर्धारण करने वाले सिद्धांत निर्धारित करना है। वित्त आयोग को भारत के राष्ट्रपति को सिफारिशें करने की आवश्यकता है।", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 43, "si": 1, "text": "जब ग्लाइकोकैलिक्स बैक्टीरिया के कोशिका आवरण में एक ढीले आच्छद की तरह होता है तो आप उसे क्या कहते हैं?", "comp": "", "opts": ["मीजोडर्म", "संपुटिका", "अवपंक पर्त", "अंगक"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

सही उत्तर अवपंक पर्त है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

ग्लाइकोकैलिक्स:\n\n\t
- यह एक सतह परत है जो कई बैक्टीरिया, उपकला कोशिकाओं या अन्य कोशिकाओं की कोशिका झिल्ली को ढकती है।
- यह प्रोटीयोग्लाइकेन्स, ग्लाइकोप्रोटीन और ग्लाइकोलिपिड्स से बना होता है।
- ग्लाइकोकैलिक्स एक चिपचिपा पॉलीसेकेराइड या पॉलीपेप्टाइड अवपंक है जो रोगाणुओं को ढकता है।
- यह सतहों के प्रति आसंजन को बढ़ाता है।
- श्वेत रक्त कोशिकाओं द्वारा फैगोसाइटिक समावेशन का प्रतिरोध करता है।
- यह प्रतिजीवी को सूक्ष्म जीव के संपर्क में आने से रोकता है।
\n\t
कार्य:\n\t
- यह कोशिका को निर्जलीकरण (संपुटिका) से बचाता है।
- यह जीवाणु कोशिका को प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली की श्वेत रक्त कोशिकाओं (संपुटिका) द्वारा निगलने और नष्ट होने से बचाता है।
- ग्लाइकोकैलिक्स बैक्टीरिया कोशिका को एक चिपचिपा लक्षण देता है जो इसे सतहों से जुड़ने में सक्षम बनाता है।
- ग्लाइकोकैलिक्स बैक्टीरिया कोशिकाओं को एक-दूसरे से चिपकने में भी मदद करता है। यह एक जीवाणु समुच्चय बनाता है जिसे प्रतिरक्षा कोशिकाओं द्वारा निगला नहीं जा सकता।
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 44, "si": 1, "text": "अदिति मंगल दास को निम्नलिखित में से किस नृत्य शैली के लिए 2022 में नृत्य के लिए महरी पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया गया?", "comp": "", "opts": ["कथक", "ओडिसी", "मणिपुरी", "भरतनाट्यम"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

सही उत्तर कथक है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

कथक नृत्यांगना और कोरियोग्राफर अदिति मंगलदास का जन्म 1960 में हुआ था।
वह शास्त्रीय कथक और "कथक पर आधारित समकालीन नृत्य" दोनों में अपने प्रदर्शन के लिए प्रसिद्ध हैं।
मंगलदास को भारत और विदेश दोनों में दुनिया के सर्वश्रेष्ठ कथक नर्तकों में से एक माना जाता है।
उन्होंने कथक में अपने उल्लेखनीय योगदान के लिए 2013 में राष्ट्रीय संगीत नाटक अकादमी पुरस्कार सहित कई पुरस्कार जीते हैं।

\n\n

Additional Information
\nकथक:

\n\n

कहा जाता है कि प्रसिद्ध प्राचीन भारतीय शास्त्रीय नृत्य, जिसे कथक के नाम से जाना जाता है, की उत्पत्ति उत्तर भारत के खानाबदोश कथाकारों से हुई, जिन्हें कथक कहा जाता है।
इन कथाकारों ने यात्रा की और गीतों, नृत्यों और संगीत का उपयोग करके कहानियाँ सुनाईं जो शास्त्रीय ग्रीक थिएटर की याद दिलाती थीं।
कथक की नींव भरत मुनि द्वारा लिखित एक प्राचीन संस्कृत ग्रंथ नाट्य शास्त्र में निहित है।
कथक नृत्य के तीन मुख्य भाग हैं:\n\t
- मंगलाचरण: एक कलाकार द्वारा भगवान और अपने गुरु को प्रार्थना या नमस्कार करने का कार्य मंगलाचरण के रूप में जाना जाता है।\n\t\t
  - हिंदू कलाकार एक ही संदेश देने के लिए मुद्राओं या हाथ के इशारों का इस्तेमाल करते हैं।
  - मुस्लिम छुट्टियों पर, कलाकार "सलामी" प्रस्तुत करता है।
  \n\t\t
- नृत्त: कलाकार का शुद्ध नृत्य का चित्रण।\n\t\t
  - वह गर्दन, कलाइयों और भौंहों को धीरे-धीरे और सुंदर ढंग से हिलाना शुरू करता है।
  - "बोल" के अनुसार त्वरित अनुक्रम अगले आते हैं। बोल एक संक्षिप्त लयबद्ध पैटर्न अनुक्रम है। यहां कलाकार जीवंत फुटवर्क का प्रदर्शन भी करते हैं।
  \n\t\t
- नृत्य: इस कृति में, कलाकार किसी कहानी को बताने या किसी विषय का पता लगाने के लिए चेहरे के भाव, धीमी शारीरिक गति और स्वर और वाद्य संगीत का उपयोग करता है।
\n\t
भारत के 8 महत्वपूर्ण शास्त्रीय नृत्य रूप:

नृत्य शैली	राज्यों से संबंधित	प्रसिद्ध नर्तक
1. भरतनाट्यम	तमिलनाडु	रुक्मिणी देवी, पद्मा सुब्रह्मण्यम, वैजयंतीमाला, शीमा करमानी, पद्मिनी।
2. कथक	उत्तर प्रदेश	बिरजू महाराज, नाहिद सिद्दीकी, लच्छू महाराज, गोपी कृष्ण, सस्वती सेन, मंजरी चतुर्वेदी
3. मोहिनीअट्टम	केरल	कलामंडलम कल्याणिकुट्टी अम्मा, शोभना, सुनंदा नायर, कलामंडलम राधिका, थंकामणि, कलामंडलम ह्यमावती
4. कथकली	केरल	कलामंडलम कृष्णन नायर
5. कुचिपुड़ी	आंध्र प्रदेश	मल्लिका साराभाई, वी. सत्यनारायण सरमा, दीपा शशिंद्रन
6. ओडिसी	ओडिशा	सुजाता महापात्र, माधवी मुद्गल, केलुचरण महापात्र, सुरेंद्र नाथ जेना, शोभना सहजनान, मिनती मिश्रा
\n\t\t\t 7. सत्रिया \n\t\t\t	असम	गुरु जतिन गोस्वामी, गुरु घनकांत बोरा, भाबानंद बारबायन, स्वर्गीय मोनीराम दत्ता, स्वर्गीय डॉ. महेश्वर नियोग डॉ. भूपेन हजारिका, शारोदी सैकिया, इंदिरा पीपी बोरा, अन्वेषा महंत
8. मणिपुरी नृत्य या जगोई	मणिपुर	गुरु बिपिन सिंह, दर्शन झावेरी, झावेरी बहनें, देवजानी चालिहा, अमला शंकर

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 45, "si": 1, "text": "उत्तर-दक्षिण गलियारा दो प्रमुख शहरों में से किसको जोड़ता है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["लेह और विशाखापट्टनम", "लेह और कन्याकुमारी", "श्रीनगर और विशाखापट्टनम", "श्रीनगर और कन्याकुमारी"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

सही उत्तर श्रीनगर और कन्याकुमारी है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

उत्तर-दक्षिण गलियारा राष्ट्रीय राजमार्ग विकास परियोजना (NHDP) के प्रमुख घटकों में से एक है।
इसमें उच्च गुणवत्ता वाले सड़क तंत्र का विकास शामिल है जो भारत के उत्तरी और दक्षिणी हिस्सों को जोड़ता है।
गलियारा आमतौर पर उत्तर में श्रीनगर से शुरू होता है और दक्षिण में कन्याकुमारी तक फैला होता है।
उत्तर-दक्षिण गलियारा का प्राथमिक उद्देश्य संयोजकता को बढ़ाना, यात्रा के समय को कम करना और विभिन्न क्षेत्रों के बीच वस्तुओं और लोगों की सुचारू आवाजाही को सुविधाजनक बनाना है।

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

पूर्व-पश्चिम गलियारा एनएचडीपी चरण- II का एक हिस्सा है। इसमें भारत के पूर्वी और पश्चिमी क्षेत्रों को जोड़ने वाले उच्च गुणवत्ता वाले सड़क तंत्र का विकास शामिल है।\n\n\t
- यह गलियारा आमतौर पर पश्चिमी तट पर गुजरात के पोरबंदर से पूर्वी सीमा पर असम के सिलचर तक फैला है।
\n\t
स्वर्णिम चतुर्भुज (GQ) भारत में एक महत्वपूर्ण राजमार्ग तंत्र है और राष्ट्रीय राजमार्ग विकास परियोजना (NHDP) के प्रमुख घटकों में से एक है।\n\t
- स्वर्णिम चतुर्भुज परियोजना का प्राथमिक उद्देश्य भारत के चार प्रमुख महानगरों को एक चतुर्भुज आकार बनाते हुए जोड़ने वाला एक उच्च गुणवत्ता वाला सड़क तंत्र बनाना है।
- चतुर्भुज में शामिल शहर दिल्ली (उत्तर), मुंबई (पश्चिम), चेन्नई (दक्षिण), और कोलकाता (पूर्व) हैं।
- चार शहरों को जोड़ने वाले मुख्य मार्गों को शामिल करते हुए पहला चरण 2001 में शुरू किया गया था।
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 46, "si": 1, "text": "भारत छोड़ो आंदोलन के दौरान प्रसिद्ध 'करो या मरो' का नारा निम्नलिखित में से किसने दिया था?", "comp": "", "opts": ["अबुल कलाम आज़ाद", "जवाहर लाल नेहरू", "सुभाष चंद्र बोस", "महात्मा गांधी"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

सही उत्तर महात्मा गांधी है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

भारत छोड़ो आंदोलन के दौरान महात्मा गांधी ने प्रसिद्ध 'करो या मरो' का नारा दिया था।
भारत छोड़ो आंदोलन 8 अगस्त, 1942 को भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस द्वारा शुरू किया गया एक महत्वपूर्ण आंदोलन था, जिसमें भारत में ब्रिटिश शासन को समाप्त करने की मांग की गई थी।
'करो या मरो' के नारे ने स्वतंत्रता प्राप्त करने के लिए भारतीय लोगों की तात्कालिकता और दृढ़ संकल्प पर जोर दिया।
गांधीजी को हमारे राष्ट्रपिता के रूप में जाना जाता है।
वह 9 जनवरी 1915 को दक्षिण अफ्रीका से भारत लौटे और इसे प्रवासी भारतीय दिवस (NRI दिवस) के रूप में मनाया।
गांधीजी का पहला सत्याग्रह चम्पारण सत्याग्रह (1917) है जिसे प्रथम सविनय अवज्ञा आंदोलन के रूप में भी जाना जाता है।
गांधीजी की पहली भूख हड़ताल अहमदाबाद मिल हड़ताल (1918) है।
गांधीजी का पहला असहयोग आंदोलन खेड़ा सत्याग्रह (1918) है।
वह बेलगाम (1924) में कांग्रेस अधिवेशन के अध्यक्ष थे।
1931 में गांधीजी ने लंदन में द्वितीय गोलमेज सम्मेलन में भाग लिया।
30 जनवरी 1948 को नाथूराम गोडसे द्वारा गांधीजी की हत्या कर दी गई और इसे 'शहीद दिवस' के रूप में मनाया गया।

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

अबुल कलाम आज़ाद\n\n\t
- वह भारत के पहले शिक्षा मंत्री थे।
- उन्होंने जामिया मिलिया इस्लामिया और आईआईटी खड़गपुर जैसे शैक्षणिक संस्थानों की स्थापना में भी योगदान दिया।
- उन्होंने महिलाओं के लिए शिक्षा और 14 वर्ष की आयु तक के बच्चों के लिए मुफ्त और अनिवार्य प्राथमिक शिक्षा की पुरजोर वकालत की।
- उन्हें 1992 में मरणोपरांत भारत रत्न पुरस्कार दिया गया।
\n\t
जवाहर लाल नेहरू\n\t
- वह भारत के पहले प्रधान मंत्री थे और भारतीय स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन के सबसे प्रमुख नेताओं में से एक थे।
- जवाहरलाल ने सरदार वल्लभभाई पटेल का स्थान लिया, जो 1928-1929 में राष्ट्रपति थे।
- मोतीलाल नेहरू एक भारतीय वकील, कार्यकर्ता और भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस से जुड़े राजनीतिज्ञ थे।
- उन्होंने दो बार, 1919-1920 और 1928-1929, कांग्रेस अध्यक्ष के रूप में भी कार्य किया।
- वह नेहरू-गांधी परिवार के पितामह और भारत के पहले प्रधानमंत्री जवाहरलाल नेहरू के पिता थे।
\n\t
सुभाष चंद्र बोस\n\t
- उनका जन्म 23 जनवरी 1897 को कटक, ओडिशा संभाग, बंगाल प्रांत में हुआ था।
- 23 जनवरी को नेताजी की जयंती को 'पराक्रम दिवस' के रूप में मनाया जाता है।
- उन्हें लोकप्रिय रूप से 'नेताजी' के नाम से जाना जाता है।
- उन्होंने 1920 में इंग्लैंड में भारतीय सिविल सेवा परीक्षा उत्तीर्ण की लेकिन गांधीजी के असहयोग आंदोलन के आह्वान पर इसे छोड़ दिया।
- वह 1938 में हरिपुरा सत्र और 1939 में त्रिपुरी सत्र में पहले निर्वाचित कांग्रेस अध्यक्ष थे।
- उन्होंने 1939 में फॉरवर्ड ब्लॉक और किसान सभा की स्थापना की।
- INA का पहला संभाग सितंबर 1942 में जापान की मदद से बनाया गया था।
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 47, "si": 1, "text": "भारत के अधिकांश भागों में जून से सितम्बर तक वर्षा क्यों होती है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["दक्षिण-पश्चिम मानसून के कारण", "इन क्षेत्रों में अत्यधिक शीत रातें होती हैं। ", "इन महीनों में उच्च दाब के कारण", "उत्तर-पूर्वी मानसून के कारण"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

सही उत्तर दक्षिण-पश्चिम मानसून के कारण है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

दक्षिण-पश्चिम मानसून भारत में प्राथमिक वर्षा ऋतु है, जो जून में शुरू होता है और सितंबर तक रहता है।\n\n\t
- यह मानसून भूमि और समुद्र के अलग-अलग तापमान के कारण होता है, जिसके परिणामस्वरूप हिंद महासागर और अरब सागर के ऊपर निम्न दाब प्रणाली का निर्माण होता है।
\n\t

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

पश्चिमी विक्षोभ निम्न दाब वाली प्रणालियाँ हैं जो भूमध्यसागरीय क्षेत्र से उत्पन्न होती हैं और भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप की ओर बढ़ती हैं।\n\n\t
- ये विक्षोभ सर्दियों के महीनों के दौरान भारत के उत्तर-पश्चिमी हिस्सों में वर्षा लाते हैं, और ये देश के अन्य हिस्सों में मौसम की स्थिति को भी प्रभावित करते हैं।
\n\t
उत्तर-पूर्व को शीतकालीन मानसून के रूप में जाना जाता है, पूर्वोत्तर मानसून उत्तर पूर्व से भारत में आता है।\n\t
- इस समय के दौरान, भारत के पूरे दक्षिणी क्षेत्र में, विशेषकर केरल, आंध्र प्रदेश, कर्नाटक और तमिलनाडु में वर्षा आम है।
\n\t
मानसून निर्वर्तन, जिसे उत्तर-पूर्वी मानसून भी कहा जाता है, अक्टूबर और नवंबर के दौरान भारत के दक्षिणी हिस्सों में वर्षा लाता है।\n\t
- यह मानसून दक्षिण-पश्चिम मानसूनी पवनों की वापसी और बंगाल की खाड़ी के ऊपर निम्न दाब प्रणाली के गठन के कारण होता है।
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 48, "si": 1, "text": "शिवपुत्र सिद्धारमैया कोमकलीमठ निम्नलिखित में से किस भारतीय शास्त्रीय गायक का मूल नाम है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["पंडित ओंकारनाथ ठाकुर", "पंडित कुमार गंधर्व", "पंडित जसराज", "पंडित दिनकर कैकिनी"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

सही उत्तर पंडित कुमार गंधर्व है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

शिवपुत्र सिद्धरामय्या कोमकलीमठ, प्रसिद्ध भारतीय शास्त्रीय गायक पंडित कुमार गंधर्व का मूल नाम है।
वह हिंदुस्तानी शास्त्रीय संगीत परंपरा में एक प्रमुख व्यक्ति थे।
उन्होंने संगीत की दुनिया में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया और शास्त्रीय गायन में अपनी अनूठी शैली और नवाचारों के लिए जाने जाते थे।
भारतीय शास्त्रीय संगीत में उनके उत्कृष्ट योगदान के लिए उन्हें कई पुरस्कार मिले, जिनमें पद्म भूषण और संगीत नाटक अकादमी पुरस्कार शामिल हैं।
संगीत के प्रति उनके अभिनव दृष्टिकोण और पारंपरिक सीमाओं को पार करने की उनकी क्षमता ने भारतीय शास्त्रीय संगीत की दुनिया पर एक स्थायी प्रभाव छोड़ा।

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

पंडित ओंकारनाथ ठाकुर एक अत्यधिक प्रशंसित भारतीय शास्त्रीय गायक और संगीतज्ञ थे।\n\n\t
- उन्होंने हिंदुस्तानी शास्त्रीय संगीत में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया और उन्हें ग्वालियर और आगरा घरानों (संगीत परंपराओं) में उनकी विशेषज्ञता के लिए पहचाना गया।
\n\t
पंडित जसराज एक प्रसिद्ध भारतीय शास्त्रीय गायक थे, जो उत्तर भारत, विशेषकर मेवाती घराने की शास्त्रीय संगीत परंपराओं में अपनी महारत के लिए प्रसिद्ध थे।\n\t
- वह अपने समय के अग्रणी शास्त्रीय गायकों में से एक थे और उन्होंने हिंदुस्तानी शास्त्रीय संगीत में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया।
\n\t
पंडित दिनकर कैकिनी एक उत्तर भारतीय शास्त्रीय गायक और संगीतकार थे।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 49, "si": 1, "text": "2011-12 के लिए राष्ट्रीय गरीबी रेखा भारत के शहरी क्षेत्रों के लिए प्रति व्यक्ति प्रति माह _________ अनुमानित थी।", "comp": "", "opts": ["रु. 3,000", "रु. 1,000", "रु. 2,000", "रु. 1 ,500"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

सही उत्तर रु. 1,000 है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मुद्रा कोष के एक लेख्य के अनुसार, विश्व बैंक द्वारा अत्यधिक गरीबी को क्रय शक्ति समता (PPP) के संदर्भ में 1.9 अमेरिकी डॉलर या उससे कम पर जीवन यापन करने के रूप में परिभाषित किया गया है।
2011-12 में योजना आयोग के अनुसार, तेंदुलकर पद्धति का उपयोग करते हुए राष्ट्रीय गरीबी रेखा भारत के ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों के लिए 816 रुपये प्रति व्यक्ति प्रति माह और शहरी क्षेत्रों के लिए 1000 रुपये प्रति व्यक्ति प्रति माह है।
वर्तमान गरीबी रेखा ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में 1,059.42 भारतीय रुपये प्रति माह और शहरी क्षेत्रों में 1,286 भारतीय रुपये प्रति माह है।

\n\n

Additional Information
\n भारत में गरीबी माप:

\n\n

गरीबी को एक ऐसी स्थिति के रूप में परिभाषित किया जा सकता है जिसमें किसी व्यक्ति या परिवार के पास बुनियादी न्यूनतम जीवन स्तर वहन करने के लिए वित्तीय संसाधनों की कमी होती है।
भारत में गरीबी के मापन पर अध्ययन का एक लंबा इतिहास है। पूर्ववर्ती योजना आयोग भारत में गरीबी के आकलन के लिए नोडल एजेंसी थी।
योजना आयोग द्वारा गठित विभिन्न विशेषज्ञ समूहों ने भारत में गरीबी में रहने वाले लोगों की संख्या का अनुमान लगाया है:\n\t
- वर्किंग ग्रुप (1962)
- वी.एम दांडेकर और एन. रथ (1971) द्वारा अध्ययन
- डॉ. वाई.के. अलघ (1979) की अध्यक्षता में "न्यूनतम आवश्यकताओं और प्रभावी उपभोग मांग के अनुमान" पर कार्य दल
- लकड़ावाला विशेषज्ञ समूह (1993): प्रोफेसर डी.टी. लकड़ावाला के नेतृत्व में
- तेंदुलकर विशेषज्ञ समूह (2009): इसकी स्थापना 2005 में की गई थी और इसके अध्यक्ष सुरेश तेंदुलकर थे।
- रंगराजन समिति (2014): इसकी स्थापना 2012 में की गई थी और इसकी अध्यक्षता चक्रवर्ती रंगराजन ने की थी।
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 50, "si": 1, "text": "कोसल महाजनपद (छठी शताब्दी ईसा पूर्व) आधुनिक ________ का एक हिस्सा है।", "comp": "", "opts": ["महाराष्ट्र", "हरियाणा", "मध्य प्रदेश", "उत्तर प्रदेश"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

सही उत्तर उत्तर प्रदेश है।

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

अवध क्षेत्र कोशल साम्राज्य का जन्मस्थान है।
उत्तर भारत के उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य में अवध स्थित है।
प्राचीन काल में कोसल उत्तरी भारत के सबसे मजबूत राज्यों में से एक था।
बुद्ध ने बौद्ध परंपरा की स्थापना की। कोसल साम्राज्य के बाद बौद्ध धर्म कई राज्यों में फैलने लगा।
कोसल राज्य ने कई श्रमण आंदोलनों को उत्पन्न और स्थापित किया।

\n\n

Additional Information
\n 16 महाजनपद और उनकी राजधानी:

\n\n\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n

महाजनपद	राजधानी	वर्तमान स्थान
अंग	चंपा	मुंगेर और भागलपुर (बिहार)
मगध	गिरिव्रज\| राजगृह	गया और पटना (बिहार)
काशी	काशी	बनारस (उत्तर प्रदेश)
\n\t\t\t वत्स \n\t\t\t	कौशांबी	इलाहाबाद (उत्तर प्रदेश)
कोसल	श्रावस्ती	पूर्वी उत्तर प्रदेश
सौरसेना	मथुरा	पश्चिमी उत्तर प्रदेश
पांचाल	अहिच्छत्र और काम्पलिय	पश्चिमी उत्तर प्रदेश
कुरु	इंद्रप्रस्थ	मेरठ (उत्तर प्रदेश) और दक्षिणपूर्वी हरियाणा
मत्स्य	विराटनगर	जयपुर (राजस्थान)
चेदि	सुक्तिमती	\n\t\t\t बुन्देलखण्ड क्षेत्र \n\t\t\t(मध्य प्रदेश) \n\t\t\t
अवंती	उज्जयिनी या महिष्मति	मालवा (मध्य प्रदेश)
गांधार	तक्षशिला	रावलपिंडी (पाकिस्तान)
कम्बोज	पुंछ	राजौरी और हाजरा (कश्मीर)
अश्माका या अस्सका	प्रतिष्ठान/पैठन	गोदावरी तट (आंध्र प्रदेश)
वज्जि	वैशाली	बिहार
मल्ल	कुशीनारा	देवरिया एवं उत्तर प्रदेश

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 51, "si": 2, "text": "अनुज और अनुप को अपनी-अपनी कारों में स्थान A से स्थान B तक यात्रा करनी है। अनुज 70 किमी/घंटा की गति से गाड़ी चला रहा है और प्रत्येक 10 मिनट के 3 ठहराव लेता है, जबकि अनुप 80 किमी/घंटा की गति से गाड़ी चला रहा है और प्रत्येक 15 मिनट के 4 ठहराव लेता है। यदि अनुज को स्थान B तक पहुंचने में 8.5 घंटे लगते हैं, तो अनुप को स्थान B तक पहुंचने में कितना समय लगेगा?", "comp": "", "opts": ["8 घंटे", "7 घंटे", "4 घंटे", "6 घंटे"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

दिया गया है

\n\n

अनुप को स्थान B तक पहुँचने में लगा समय = 8.5 घंटे

\n\n

अनुज 70 किमी/घंटा की गति से गाड़ी चला रहा है।

\n\n

अनुप 80 किमी/घंटा की गति से गाड़ी चला रहा है।

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र

\n\n

गति = दूरी/समय

\n\n

गणना

\n\n

अनुज का कुल ठहराव का समय = 3 × 10 = 30 मिनट = 0.5 घंटे

\n\n

अनुज का वास्तविक गाड़ी चलाने का समय = 8.5 - 0.5 = 8 घंटे

\n\n

कुल दूरी = 8 × 70 = 560 किमी

\n\n

अनुप का कुल ठहराव का समय = 4 × 15 = 60 मिनट = 1 घंटा

\n\n

अनुप को स्थान B तक पहुंचने में लगा समय = 560 / 80

\n\n

= 7 घंटे

\n\n

कुल समय = 7 + 1 = 8 घंटे

\n\n

उत्तर 8 घंटे है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 52, "si": 2, "text": "

दी गई आकृति में, एक वृत्त का व्यास AB और जीवा CD, P पर मिलते हैं। PT, T पर वृत्त की एक स्पर्श रेखा है। यदि CD = 8 cm, PD = 10 cm और PB = 8 cm है, तो AB ज्ञात कीजिए।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["14.5 cm", "22.5 cm", "12 cm", "8 cm"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

संकल्पना:

\n\n

सीकेंट गुणधर्म

\n\n

यदि किसी वृत्त की जीवा AB और जीवा CD एक बिंदु P पर प्रतिच्छेद करती हैं।

\n\n

PA × PB = PC × PD

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

माना AB = x

\n\n

PA × PB = PC × PD

\n\n

⇒ (8 + x) × 8 = 18 × 10

\n\n

⇒ (8 + x) = 180/8

\n\n

⇒ (8 + x) = 22.5

\n\n

⇒ x = 22.5 - 8

\n\n

= 14.5

\n\n

∴ उत्तर 14.5 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 53, "si": 2, "text": "यदि sec A + tan A = 3, तब cos A निम्न के बराबर है:", "comp": "", "opts": ["\$\\frac{4}{3}\$", "\$\\frac{3}{5}\$", "\$\\frac{3}{4}\$", "\$\\frac{5}{3}\$"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

Sec θ + tan θ = 3

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र:

\n\n

Sec²θ - tan² θ = 1 या (sec θ - tan θ) × (Sec θ + tan θ) = 1

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

(sec θ - tan θ) (sec θ + tan θ) = 1

\n\n

sec θ - tan θ = 1/3 ....(1)

\n\n

sec θ + tan θ = 3 ....(2) (दिया गया है)

\n\n

समीकरण (1) और (2) को हल करने पर,

\n\n

⇒ Sec θ = 10/6 = 5/3

\n\n

⇒ cos θ = 3/5 (cos θ = (1/sec θ)

\n\n

∴ उत्तर 3/5 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 54, "si": 2, "text": "यदि x + y = 7 और xy = 19, तब x²+ y²के मान की गणना कीजिए। ", "comp": "", "opts": ["17", "12", "11", "19"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

x + y = 7

\n\n

xy = 19

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र:

\n\n

(x + y)² = x² + y² + 2xy

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

x + y = 7

\n\n

दोनों पक्षों का वर्ग करने पर,

\n\n

⇒ (x + y)² = 7²

\n\n

⇒ x² + y² + 2xy = 49

\n\n

⇒ x² + y² = 49 - 2 × 19

\n\n

⇒ x² + y² = 11

\n\n

∴ x² + y² का मान 11 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 55, "si": 2, "text": "निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा विकल्प सही त्रिकोणमितीय सर्वसमिका नहीं है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["1 + cot2θ ≡ cosec2θ", "1 + tan2θ ≡ sec2θ", "1 - sin2θ ≡ cos2θ", "cos2θ - sin2θ ≡ 1 "], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

गणना

\n\n

विकल्प 1: 1 + cot2θ = cosec2θ; सही है।

\n\n

विकल्प 2: 1 + tan2θ = sec2θ; सही है।

\n\n

विकल्प 3: 1 - sin2θ =cos2θ; सही है।

\n\n

विकल्प 4: cos2θ - sin2θ = cos(2θ) सही नहीं है।

\n\n

उत्तर 4 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 56, "si": 2, "text": "एक घनाभ का आयतन, एक घन के आयतन का दोगुना है। यदि घनाभ के आयाम (8 m × 8 m × 16 m) हैं, तो घन का कुल पृष्ठीय क्षेत्रफल कितना होगा?", "comp": "", "opts": ["316 m2", "288 m2", "324 m2", "384 m2"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

एक घनाभ का आयतन, एक घन के आयतन का दोगुना है।

\n\n

ऊँचाई = 16 m

\n\n

चौड़ाई = 8 m

\n\n

लंबाई = 8 m

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र:

\n\n

घनाभ का आयतन = लंबाई × चौड़ाई × ऊँचाई

\n\n

घन का आयतन = (भुजा) 3

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

घनाभ का आयतन = 8 × 8 × 16

\n\n

= 1024

\n\n

घनाभ का आयतन = 2 × घन का आयतन

\n\n

घनाभ का आयतन = 2 × (भुजा) 3

\n\n

(भुजा)3 = 1024/2 = 512 m

\n\n

भुजा = 8 m

\n\n

घन का कुल पृष्ठीय क्षेत्रफल = 6 × 64

\n\n

= 384 m 2

\n∴ घन का कुल पृष्ठीय क्षेत्रफल 384 m 2 है।", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 57, "si": 2, "text": "

दिए गए व्यंजक को सरल कीजिए।

\n\n

(a - 2b) (b - 3a) + (a + b) (a - 3b) - (b - 3a) (4a-5b)

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["8a2 - 10ab", "8a2 + 10ab", "10a2 - 14ab", "10a2 - 4ab"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

(a - 2b) (b - 3a) + (a + b) (a - 3b) - (b - 3a) (4a-5b)

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

(a - 2b) (b - 3a) + (a + b) (a - 3b) - (b - 3a) (4a-5b)

\n\n

⇒ ab - 3a2 - 2b2 + 6ab + a2 - 3ab + ab - 3b2 - 4ab + 5b2 + 12a2 - 15ab

\n\n

⇒ - 3a2 + a2 + 12a2 - 2b2 - 3b2 + 5b2 + 6ab + ab - 3ab + ab - 4ab -15ab

\n\n

⇒ 13a2 - 3a2 + 5b2 - 5b2 + 8ab - 22ab

\n\n

⇒ 10a2 - 14ab

\n\n

∴ उत्तर 10a2 - 14ab है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 58, "si": 2, "text": "यदि (a + b + c) = 12 और (ab + bc + ca) = 47, (a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc) का मान ज्ञात कीजिए। ", "comp": "", "opts": ["24", "36", "48", "42"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

a + b + c = 12 और ab + bc + ca = 47

\n\n

प्रयुक्त संकल्पना:

\n\n

a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = (a + b + c) × [(a + b + c)² - 3(ab + bc + ca)]

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = 12 × [(12)² - 3 × 47]

\n\n

⇒ a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = 12(144 – 141)

\n\n

⇒ a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = 12(3)

\n\n

⇒ 36

\n\n

∴ उत्तर 36 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 59, "si": 2, "text": "

दिए गए व्यंजक का मान ज्ञात कीजिए:

\n\n

10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - {5 - (7 - 7 - 9)}]

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["11", "10", "9", "8"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - {5 - (7 - 7 - 9)}] ⇒10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - {5 + 9)}]

\n\n

$\Rightarrow$ 10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - 14] ⇒ 10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 + 6 ⇒ 2 × 1 + 3 + 6 ⇒ 11

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 60, "si": 2, "text": "sec²θ - cot²(90°- θ) का मान क्या है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["2", "1", "-1", "0"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

sec2θ - cot2(90°- θ)

\n\n

प्रयुक्त संकल्पना:

\n\n

त्रिकोणमिति के प्रथम चतुर्थांश के अनुसार,

\n\n

cosec (90 - θ) = sec θ और cot (90 - θ) = tan θ

\n\n

त्रिकोणमितीय सर्वसमिकाओं के अनुसार,

\n\n

sec2 θ - tan2 θ = 1

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

⇒ sec2θ - cot2(90°- θ)

\n\n

⇒ sec2θ - tan2(θ)

\n\n

⇒ 1

\n\n

उत्तर 1 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 61, "si": 2, "text": "यदि A और B मिलकर एक कार्य को 20 दिनों में पूरा कर सकते हैं और A अकेले उसी कार्य को 30 दिनों में पूरा कर सकता है, तो B अकेले उसी कार्य को कितने दिनों में पूरा कर सकता है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["45", "40", "60", "50"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

दिया गया है

\n\n

A और B मिलकर एक कार्य को 20 दिनों में पूरा कर सकते हैं।

\n\n

A अकेला उसी कार्य को 30 दिनों में कर सकता है।

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र:

\n\n

कार्य = दक्षता × समय

\n\n

गणना

\n\n

A और B मिलकर एक कार्य को 20 दिनों में पूरा कर सकते हैं।

\n\n

कार्य का कुछ भाग A और B, 1 दिन में कर सकते हैं = 1/20

\n\n

A अकेला उस कार्य को 30 दिनों में पूरा कर सकता है।

\n\n

A कार्य का एक भाग1 दिन में कर सकता है = 1/30

\n\n

∴ कार्य का एक भाग B अकेले एक दिन में कर सकता है = 1/20 - 1/30 = 1/60

\n∴ B अकेले उस कार्य को 60 दिनों में पूरा कर सकता है। ", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 62, "si": 2, "text": "एक श्रमिक एक कार्य के \$\\frac{3}{5}\$ भाग को 12 दिनों में पूरा करता है। वह कार्य का \$\\frac{3}{4}\$ भाग कितने दिनों में पूरा करेगा?", "comp": "", "opts": ["18", "20", "16", "15"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

प्रयुक्त संकल्पना:

\n\n

कुल कार्य = दक्षता × समय

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

एक कार्य का 3/5 भाग पूरा करने में श्रमिक द्वारा लिया गया समय = 12 दिन

\n\n

पूरे कार्य को पूरा करने में श्रमिक द्वारा लिया गया समय = 12 × 5/3 = 20 दिन

\n\n

एक कार्य का 3/4 भाग पूरा करने में श्रमिक द्वारा लिया गया समय = 15 दिन

\n\n

उत्तर 15 दिन हैं।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 63, "si": 2, "text": "एक कक्षा की पांच लड़कियों का वजन (kg में) 49, 42, 61, 55 और 58 है। इन पांच लड़कियों का औसत वजन (kg में) क्या है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["53", "54", "51", "52"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

एक कक्षा में पांच लड़कियों का वजन (kg में) 49, 42, 61, 55 और 58 है।

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र:

\n\n

औसत = प्रेक्षणों का योग/प्रेक्षणों की संख्या

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

प्रश्न के अनुसार,

\n\n

⇒ (42 + 49 + 61 + 55 + 58)

\n\n

⇒ 265

\n\n

औसत = 265/5

\n\n

= 53

\n\n

∴ इन पांच लड़कियों का औसत वजन (kg में) 53 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 64, "si": 2, "text": "आनंद 5 घंटे के पहले अंतराल में 50 किमी/घंटा की गति से एक निश्चित दूरी तय करता है। दूसरे अंतराल में, उसने गति 20% बढ़ा दी जिसके कारण उसने पहले अंतराल की तुलना में 20% अधिक दूरी तय की। उसने तीसरे अंतराल को पहले दो अंतराल की औसत गति से तय किया और दूसरे अंतराल की दूरी की तुलना में 10% अतिरिक्त दूरी तय की। तीनों अंतरालों को पूरा करने में उसे कुल कितना समय (घंटों में) लगा?", "comp": "", "opts": ["16", "15", "18", "14"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

दिया गया है

\n\n

समय = 5 घंटे

\n\n

गति = 50 किमी/घंटा

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र

\n\n

गति = दूरी/समय

\n\n

गणना

\n\n

दूरी = 50 × 5 = 250 किमी

\n\n

दूसरे अंतराल में:

\n\n

दूरी = 250 + 250 × 120/100 = 300 किमी

\n\n

गति = 50 + 50 × 120/100 = 60 किमी/घंटा

\n\n

समय = 300/60 = 5 घंटे

\n\n

तीसरे अंतराल में:

\n\n

दूरी = 300 + 300 × 110/100 = 330 किमी

\n\n

गति = (60 + 50)/2 = 55 किमी/घंटा

\n\n

समय = 330/55 = 6 घंटे

\n\n

कुल समय = 5 + 5 + 6 = 16 घंटे

\n\n

उत्तर 16 घंटे है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 65, "si": 2, "text": "एक व्यक्ति की मासिक आय 12,000 रुपये थी और उसका मासिक खर्च 8,000 रुपये था। अगले वर्ष, उसकी आय 10% और व्यय 8% बढ़ जाता है। उसकी बचत में प्रतिशत वृद्धि ज्ञात कीजिए।", "comp": "", "opts": ["10%", "14%", "12%", "15%"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

वृद्धि से पहले बचत = 12000 - 8000 = 4,000

\n\n

एक वर्ष के बाद आय में वृद्धि = 12000 + 12000 का 10% = 12000 + 1200 $\frac{12}{100} x 12000$ = 12000 + 1200 = 13200

\n\n

व्यय में वृद्धि = 8000 + 8000 का 8% = 8000 + 640 = 8640

\n\n

बढ़ोतरी के बाद बचत = 13200 - 8640 = 4560

\n\n

बचत में वृद्धि = रु 4560 - 4000 = 560

\n\n

बचत प्रतिशत में वृद्धि = 560/4000 × 100 $\frac{940}{2000} x 100 = 47$ % = 14%

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 66, "si": 2, "text": "साधारण ब्याज पर, 3 वर्षों में 6,400 रुपये, 8,320 रुपये हो गए। उसी दर से 5 वर्षों में 7,200 रुपये कितने हो जाएंगे?", "comp": "", "opts": ["10,200 रुपये", "10,600 रुपये", "10,800 रुपये", "10,400 रुपये"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

Shortcut Trick\n

₹6,400 पर 3 वर्ष का ब्याज = 8320 − 6400 = ₹1,920.

₹6,400 पर प्रति वर्ष का ब्याज = 1920 ÷ 3 = ₹640.

ब्याज की दर = (640 ÷ 6400) × 100 = 10%.

₹7,200 पर 5 वर्ष का ब्याज = 7,200 × 10% × 5 = ₹3,600.

नई राशि = 7,200 + 3,600 = ₹10,800.

∴ सही उत्तर ₹10,800 है।

\n\n

Alternate Method

दिया गया है:

प्रारंभिक मूलधन (P₁) = ₹6,400, मिश्रधन (A₁) = ₹8,320, समय (T₁) = 3 वर्ष।

द्वितीयक मूलधन (P₂) = ₹7,200, समय (T₂) = 5 वर्ष।

प्रयुक्त सूत्र:

साधारण ब्याज (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

मिश्रधन (A) = मूलधन (P) + साधारण ब्याज (SI)

गणना:

⇒ SI₁ = A₁ − P₁ = 8,320 − 6,400 = ₹1,920

⇒ 1,920 = (6,400 × R × 3) ÷ 100

⇒ 1,920 = 64 × R × 3

⇒ R = 1,920 ÷ 192 = 10%

⇒ अब, SI₂ = (7,200 × 10 × 5) ÷ 100

⇒ SI₂ = 7,200 × 0.5 = ₹3,600

⇒ अंतिम मिश्रधन (A₂) = P₂ + SI₂ = 7,200 + 3,600 = ₹10,800

∴ सही उत्तर ₹10,800 है।

\n\n

Additional Information

SI और दर के बीच संबंध

साधारण ब्याज मूलधन, दर और समय के अनुक्रमानुपाती होता है। यदि दर स्थिर है, तो SI₁/SI₂ = (P₁ × T₁) / (P₂ × T₂)।

मिश्रधन सूत्र

कुल संचित राशि A = P(1 + RT/100) है, जहाँ R वार्षिक ब्याज दर है और T वर्षों में समय है।

स्थिर दर शॉर्टकट

यदि मूलधन P₁ से P₂ और समय T₁ से T₂ में समान दर पर बदलता है, तो नया ब्याज SI₂ = SI₁ × (P₂ × T₂) / (P₁ × T₁) होता है।

", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 67, "si": 2, "text": "

दी गई आकृति में, ΔPQR में एक वृत्त इस प्रकार अंतर्गत है कि यह भुजाओं PQ, QR और RP को क्रमशः बिंदु D, E, F पर स्पर्श करता है। यदि भुजाओं की लंबाई PQ = 18 cm, QR = 13 cm और RP = 15 cm है, तो PD की लंबाई ज्ञात कीजिए।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["10 cm", "8 cm", "15 cm", "12 cm"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

दिया गया:

\n\n

PQ = 18 सेमी, QR = 13 सेमी और RP = 15 सेमी

\n\n

प्रयुक्त अवधारणा:

\n\n

किसी बाह्य बिंदु से वृत्त पर खींची गई स्पर्श रेखाओं की जोड़ी लंबाई में बराबर होती है।

\n\n

अतः, PF = PD, DQ = EQ और FR = RE

\n\n

गणना

\n\n

मान लीजिए PD x सेमी है,

\n\n

तो QD = (18 – x) सेमी

\n\n

⇒ QE = (18 – x) cm

\n\n

⇒ RE = 13 – (18 – x) = x – 5

\n\n

⇒ RF = (x – 5)

\n\n

⇒ PF = 15 – (x - 5) = 20 – x

\n\n

⇒ 20 – x = x

\n\n

⇒ 2x = 20

\n\n

⇒ x = 20/2

\n\n

⇒ x = 10 cm

\n\n

⇒ PD = 10

\n\n

उत्तर 10 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 68, "si": 2, "text": "A, B से 3.5 गुना तेजी से कार्य करता है और A को एक कार्य पूरा करने में B से 45 दिन कम लगते हैं, जब प्रत्येक अकेले कार्य करता है। यदि A और B एक साथ कार्य करते हैं तो समान कार्य को पूरा करने में लगने वाले दिनों की संख्या की गणना कीजिए।", "comp": "", "opts": ["10.5", "17.5", "21", "14"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

दिया गया है

\n\n

A, B से 3.5 गुना तेजी से कार्य करता है।

\n\n

A को कार्य पूरा करने में B = 45 से कम दिन लगते हैं।

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र

\n\n

दक्षता = 1/समय [जब कार्य समान हो]

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

A और B की दक्षता का अनुपात = 7 : 2

\n\n

A और B के समय का अनुपात = 2 : 7

\n\n

अब मान लेते हैं कि A और B द्वारा लिया गया समय 2x और 7x है।

\n\n

A और B के दिनों की संख्या में अंतर = 45

\n\n

⇒ 7x - 2x = 45

\n\n

⇒ x = 45/5 = 9

\n\n

इसलिए, कुल कार्य = 9 × 14 = 126 इकाई

\n\n

A और B द्वारा = 126/9 = 14 दिनों में कार्य पूरा किया गया।

\n\n

∴ अभीष्ट उत्तर 14 दिन है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 69, "si": 2, "text": "

निम्नलिखित व्यंजक को हल कीजिए।

\n\n

50 - [20 + (30 - (25 - 5)]

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["10", "30", "20", "40"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

50 - [20 + (30 - (25 - 5)]

\n\n

प्रयुक्त संकल्पना:

\n\n

$\"Bodmas$

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

⇒ 50 - [20 + (30 - (25 - 5)]

\n\n

⇒ 50 - [20 + (30 - 20)]

\n\n

⇒ 50 - [20 + 10]

\n\n

⇒ 50 - 30

\n\n

⇒ 20

\n\n

उत्तर 20 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 70, "si": 2, "text": "A ने एक वस्तु B को 25% लाभ पर बेचा और B ने एक निश्चित लाभ अर्जित करके इसे C को बेच दिया। यदि C का क्रय मूल्य A के क्रय मूल्य से 30% अधिक है, तो B द्वारा अर्जित लाभ प्रतिशत ज्ञात कीजिए।", "comp": "", "opts": ["\$5 \\frac{1}{2} \\% \\\\ \$", "4%", "5%", "\$ 4\\frac{1}{2} \\%\$"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

A ने एक वस्तु B को 25% लाभ पर बेचा।

\n\n

B ने इसे लाभ पर C को बेच दिया।

\n\n

C का क्रय मूल्य A के क्रय मूल्य से 30% अधिक है।

\n\n

प्रयुक्त संकल्पना:

\n\n

लाभ = S.P. – C.P. (S.P. = विक्रय मूल्य, C.P.= क्रय मूल्य)

\n\n

S.P. = C.P. + (C.P. × लाभ%)

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

मान लीजिए A ने वस्तु को 100x रुपये में खरीदा।

\n\n

A ने इसे B को [100x + (100x × 25%)] = 125x रुपये में बेच दिया।

\n\n

B ने वस्तु को 125x रुपये में खरीदा।

\n\n

C ने वस्तु को = 100x + 100 × 30/100 = 130x में खरीदा।

\n\n

C का CP = B का SP

\n\n

B द्वारा अर्जित लाभ = (130x – 125x) = 5x रुपये

\n\n

लाभ% = 5/125 × 100

\n\n

= 4%

\n\n

∴ उत्तर 4% है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 71, "si": 2, "text": "

निम्नलिखित आकृति कुछ वर्षों में बेचे गए पंखे और कूलर की इकाइयों में प्रतिशत वृद्धि दर्शाती है। कूलर और पंखे की वृद्धि दर के औसत के बीच क्या अंतर है?

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["34", "30", "32", "42"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

गणना

\n\n

कूलरों में वृद्धि दर का औसत = (60 + 72 + 54 + 45)/4

\n\n

= 231/4

\n\n

पंखों में वृद्धि दर का औसत = (27 + 18 + 30 + 20)/4

\n\n

= 95/4

\n\n

अंतर = 231/4 - 95/4

\n\n

= 136/4

\n\n

= 34

\n\n

उत्तर 34 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 72, "si": 2, "text": "राघव 45 मिनट में 3300 मीटर की दूरी तय करता है। उसकी गति (किमी/घंटा में) क्या है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["5", "4.4", "2.25", "3.75"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

दिया गया है

\n\n

दूरी = 3300

\n\n

समय = 45 मिनट

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र

\n\n

गति = दूरी/समय

\n\n

गणना

\n\n

⇒ 3300 मीटर = 3.3 किमी

\n\n

⇒ 45 मिनट = 45/60 = 0.75 घंटे

\n\n

गति = 3.3/0.75 = 4.4 किमी/घंटा

\n\n

उत्तर 4.4 किमी/घंटा है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 73, "si": 2, "text": "

दिए गए चित्र में, ΔQPS ≅ ΔSRQ है। ∠PSR की माप ज्ञात कीजिए।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["64°", "74°", "52°", "82°"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

⇒ 106 = 2x + 12 ⇒ 2x = 94 /2 = 47

\n\n

∠QSR = 180 - 52 - 106 = 22

\n\n

∠PSQ = ∠SQR = 52

\n\n

∠S = 52 + 22 = 74°

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 74, "si": 2, "text": "यदि 5%, 10% और p% की क्रमिक छूटें 31.6% की एकल छूट के बराबर हैं, तो p का मान क्या है?", "comp": "", "opts": ["15", "25", "20", "30"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

दिया गया है:

\n\n

क्रमिक छूटें 5%, 10% और p% हैं।

\n\n

एकल छूट = 31.6%

\n\n

संकल्पना: यदि MP पर a%, b% और c% की तीन क्रमिक छूटें हैं।

\n\n

SP = MP(100 - a)/100 × (100 - b)/100 × (100 - c)/100

\n\n

प्रयुक्त सूत्र:

\n\n

SP = MP × (100 - D%)/100

\n\n

D% = (D/MP) × 100

\n\n

गणना:

\n\n

माना MP, x है।

\n\n

SP = x × (100 - 5)/100 × (100 - 10)/100 × (100 - p)/100

\n\n

⇒ SP = x × 95/100 × 90/100 × (100 - p)/100

\n\n

⇒ x × 95/100 × 90/100 × (100 - p)/100 = x × (100 - 31.6)/100

\n\n

⇒ x × 19/20 × 9/10 × (100 - p)/100 = x × 68.4/100

\n\n

⇒ (100 - p)/100 = 2 × 68.4/171

\n\n

⇒ (100 - p)/100 = 0.8

\n\n

⇒ (100 - p) = 80

\n\n

⇒ p = 20

\n\n

P का मान 20% है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 75, "si": 2, "text": "

कपास और खादी के कुल उत्पादन के बीच कितना अंतर है?

\n\n

नोट: यदि कोई ऋणात्मक चिह्न हो तो, उस पर ध्यान न दें।

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["10", "11", "8", "7"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

गणना

\n\n

कपास का कुल उत्पादन = 114 + 120 + 121

\n\n

= 355

\n\n

खादी का कुल उत्पादन = 118 + 120 + 125

\n\n

= 363

\n\n

कपास और खादी के कुल उत्पादन के बीच का अंतर = 363 - 355 = 8

\n\n

उत्तर 8 है।

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 76, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the given word.

\n\n

Perseverance

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Irresolution", "Obstinacy", "Readiness", "Eloquence"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Irresolution'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Perseverance' is 'Irresolution'.
Perseverance: persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success. (दृढ़ता)\n\t
- Example: His perseverance with the technique illustrates his single-mindedness.
\n\t
Irresolution: hesitancy; uncertainty. (दुबिधा)\n\t
- Example: a moment of irresolution...
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Irresolution.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Obstinacy: the quality or condition of being obstinate; stubbornness. (हठ)
- Readiness: the state of being ready or prepared. [(किसी बात के लिए) तत्‍परता या मुस्‍तैदी]
- Eloquence: fluent or persuasive speaking or writing. (वाक्‌चातुर्य)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 77, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

\n\n

A group of worshippers

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Congregation", "Crowd", "Caravan", "Constellation"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Congregation'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Congregation'.
Congregation: the act of coming together in a crowd or group; a gathering. (एकत्रित होने की क्रिया; सभा, जमाव)\n\t
- Example: the singing of psalms by the whole congregation...
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Congregation.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Crowd: a large number of people in one place. (भीड़, जनसमूह)
- Caravan: a large vehicle that is pulled by a car. You can sleep, cook, etc. in a caravan when you are travelling or on holiday. (कारयुक्त बड़ा वाहन जिसमें आमोद यात्रा के दौरान रहने, सोने, खाना पकाने आदि का प्रबंध होता है; कारवाँ)
- Constellation: a group of stars that forms a pattern and has a name. (तारों का वह समूह जिससे कोई आकार बनता है तथा उसका कोई नाम होता है; तारामंडल, नक्षत्र)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 78, "si": 3, "text": "

Parts of the following sentence have been given as options. Select the option that contains an error.

\n\n

He will return in a hour.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["return", "He will", "hour", "in a"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'in a'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The error in the sentence is in the article used before "hour."
The correct article to use is "an" instead of "a."
The reason for using "an" instead of "a" is based on the rule of using the article "an" before words that begin with a vowel sound.
In this case, although "hour" starts with the consonant 'h', it has a vowel sound (pronounced as "ow-er"), so the correct article to use is "an."
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: He will return in an hour.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 79, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

\n\n

Her sudden arrival has disarranged my plans.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Timing", "Entrance", "Departure", "Appearance"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Departure'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Arrival' is 'Departure'.
Arrival: reaching the place to which you were travelling. [(किसी स्‍थान पर) आगमन, पहुँच]\n\t
- Example: We were told our rooms had not been reserved on our arrival.
\n\t
Departure: leaving or going away from a place. (प्रस्‍थान क्रिया, रवानगी)\n\t
- Example: Passengers should check in at least one hour before departure.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Departure.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Timing: the time when something is planned to happen. (कुछ करने या घटित होने के लिए निर्धारित समय; समय-निर्धारण)
- Entrance: the door, gate, or opening where you go into a place. (प्रवेश द्वार)
- Appearance: the way that somebody/something looks or seems. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु का बाहरी रूप; रूप-रंग)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 80, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A. It superseded India's previous educational strategy, which was created in 1986.

\n\n

B. The Indian union cabinet approved the country's national education strategy on 29 July 2020.

\n\n

C. And it provides a framework for education from the primary grades up to higher education, as well as for vocational training in both urban and rural settings.

\n\n

D. This policy significantly improves India's educational system. Restructuring India's educational system is the primary goal of the National Education Policy 2022.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["DBCA", "ABDC", "BCDA", "BADC"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'BADC'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The logical sequence of the given question is as follows:\n\t
- B. The Indian union cabinet approved the country's national education strategy on 29 July 2020.\n\n\t\t
  - This line introduces the inception of the national education strategy in India, signifying an important event where the strategy was officially sanctioned.
  \n\t\t
- A. It superseded India's previous educational strategy, which was created in 1986.\n\t\t
  - Here, it's explained that the newly approved strategy replaced the old one from 1986, indicating a shift or upgrade in the educational approach taken by the country.
  \n\t\t
- D. This policy significantly improves India's educational system. Restructuring India's educational system is the primary goal of the National Education Policy 2022.\n\t\t
  - This line elaborates on the impact and goal of the new strategy, emphasizing its purpose of reforming and enhancing the educational system in India.
  \n\t\t
- C. And it provides a framework for education from the primary grades up to higher education, as well as for vocational training in both urban and rural settings.\n\t\t
  - Lastly, this sentence outlines the comprehensive nature of the strategy, indicating that it covers education from primary levels through higher education, along with vocational training in diverse settings, thus completing the contextual picture of the national education strategy.
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.
\n\t

\n\n

Important Points

\n\n

Practice is key! Regularly practicing rearranging sentences or paragraphs will improve your ability to discern logical sequences and enhance your overall comprehension skills.
When facing questions that require rearranging sentences or paragraphs to form a coherent sequence, consider the following steps:\n\t
- Read Carefully: Go through each sentence attentively to understand its context, topic, and the information it provides. Note any connecting phrases or words that link sentences together.
- Identify the Logical Flow: Look for clues within the sentences that indicate a sequence. Sentences might introduce a topic, provide details, give examples, or conclude the idea. Pay attention to time markers, cause-and-effect relationships, or other transitional phrases.
- Start with Key Points: Sometimes, certain sentences act as introductory or concluding statements. Begin with sentences that introduce the topic or provide a conclusion, as they often set the context or summarize the content.
- Connect Related Ideas: Identify relationships between sentences. For example, a sentence might explain or support the idea presented in the previous sentence. Look for coherence and progression in the ideas presented.
- Consider Keyword Consistency: Check for keywords or recurring themes that link sentences. These can help establish a logical sequence. Pay attention to pronouns (he, it, they) referring to previously mentioned subjects.
- Evaluate Options: Once you have a tentative sequence, review it to ensure that the ideas flow logically and coherently. Eliminate options that disrupt the logical flow or create inconsistencies.
- Test the Flow: Mentally or visually run through the proposed sequence to verify if it reads smoothly and makes sense. Ensure that there's a clear progression from the beginning to the end.
- Double-Check: Before finalizing your answer, double-check the sequence to confirm that it presents a cohesive and logical progression of ideas.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 81, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate phrasal verb to fill in the blank.

\n\n

Mohan __________ the charge of Centre for Life Skills from Mustafa.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["took out", "took through", "took off", "took over"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'took over'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

In the given sentence, "took over" is the appropriate phrasal verb that denotes assuming control or responsibility from someone else (किसी और से नियंत्रण या जिम्मेदारी लेना), making it the correct choice in this context.
"Took over" means assuming control or responsibility from someone else.
In the context provided, Mohan is assumed to assume the responsibility or control of the Centre for Life Skills from Mustafa.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: Mohan took over the charge of Centre for Life Skills from Mustafa.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other options:\n\t
- took out: This phrasal verb usually means to remove something or to extract (किसी चीज़ को हटाना या निकालना), but it doesn't fit the context of assuming control or responsibility.
- took through: This phrase doesn't commonly exist as a phrasal verb. "Take through" might mean guiding or leading someone through a process, but it doesn’t align with the context provided.
- took off: This phrasal verb typically means to depart quickly or to become successful suddenly (शीघ्र प्रस्थान करना या अचानक सफल होना). It doesn't suit the context of assuming responsibility or control.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 82, "si": 3, "text": "

Identify the sentence that provides the meaning of the given idiom.

\n\n

Under the cloud

The correct answer is 'The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car.'

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The sentence that provides the meaning of the idiom "under the cloud" is: 2) The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car.
Explanation: The idiom "under the cloud" typically refers to being in a situation of trouble, disgrace, or suspicion. In the provided sentence, the driver being "under suspicion" aligns with the meaning of the idiom, indicating a negative or questionable situation.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Origin: The origin of the idiom "under the cloud" is believed to date back centuries and likely comes from the association of clouds with uncertainty or trouble. Being "under a cloud" signifies being in a shadow or obscured by something negative, much like how a literal cloud can cast a shadow on the ground. Over time, it has been used figuratively to imply being in an unfavorable or problematic situation.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 83, "si": 3, "text": "

Choose the option that can substitute the underlined segment correctly and complete the meaning of the sentence.

\n\n

Bajrang is in extreme pain in his teeth.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Enjoy", "Agony", "Hurt", "Sting"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Agony'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate word to substitute for "pain" in the sentence "Bajrang is in extreme pain in his teeth" would be: Agony
Explanation: While all the options convey a sense of discomfort or physical sensation, "agony" specifically emphasizes an intense and extreme level of pain. In the context of severe tooth pain, "agony" best expresses the level of discomfort Bajrang is experiencing. \n\t
- Example: "Bajrang is in extreme agony due to his toothache."
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Agony.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Enjoy: be happy and elated. (खुश और उत्साहित रहो)
- Hurt: to cause somebody/yourself physical pain or injury. (अपने या किसी को तकलीफ़ देना या चोट पहुँचाना)
- Sting: to make somebody/something feel a sudden, sharp pain. (काटने का-सा एकाएक तीखा दर्द पैदा करना)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 84, "si": 3, "text": "Select the INCORRECTLY spelt word. ", "comp": "", "opts": ["Nocturnal", "Repulcive", "Scoreboard", "Irrespective"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Repulcive'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The incorrectly spelled word is: Repulcive.
Repulsive (घृणित) - Arousing intense disgust or aversion.\n\t
- Example: "The sight of the decaying food was utterly repulsive."
\n\t
Let's look at the meaning of other examples: \n\t
- Nocturnal (निशाचर) - Relating to or occurring during the night.
- Scoreboard (स्कोरबोर्ड) - A large board or electronic display that shows the score in a game or competition.
- Irrespective (चाहे जैसा भी) - Regardless of, without taking into account.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Repulcive.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 85, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the word 'Unsure' from the given sentence.

\n\n

Himanshi is preparing customised gifts and handicrafts for surprising Mehul on his retirement, but the date is not certain yet.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["date", "certain", "customised", "handicrafts"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'certain'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the word 'Unsure' from the given sentence is: 2) certain.
Explanation: "Unsure" means uncertain or having doubts. The word that represents the opposite meaning, or antonym, in this context is "certain," indicating a state of confidence or assurance about something.
In the sentence, it's mentioned that the date for the retirement surprise is uncertain, hence the opposite of uncertain in this context is "certain."
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: certain.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- date: a particular day of the month or year. (महीने या वर्ष का विशेष दिन, तिथि, दिनांक, तारीख़)
- customised: modify (something) to suit a particular individual or task. (स्वनिर्धारित)
- handicrafts: an activity that needs skill with the hands as well as artistic ability, for example sewing. [हस्‍तकौशल तथा कलात्‍मक क्षमता वाली गतिविधि (जैसे सीना-पिरोना); हस्‍तशिल्‍प]
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 86, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

\n\n

He was acquitted of all the charges in the court today.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Conformed", "Discharged", "Praised", "Convicted"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Convicted'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the underlined word 'Acquitted' is 'Convicted'
Acquitted: to state formally that a person is not guilty of a crime. (किसी के निर्दोष होने की विधिवत घोषणा करना)\n\t
- Example: The jury acquitted her of murder.
\n\t
Convicted: to say officially in a court of law that somebody is guilty of a crime. (न्‍यायालय द्वारा अपराधी या दोषी ठहराया जाना)\n\t
- Example: He was convicted of armed robbery and sent to prison.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Convicted.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Conformed: to obey a rule or law. (नियम या क़ानून का अनुपालन करना; के अनुसार होना; संगत होना)
- Discharged: to send something out (a liquid, gas, etc.) [(द्रव, गैस आदि को) छोड़ना]
- Praised: to say that somebody/something is good and should be admired. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु की प्रशंसा करना, उसे सराहना)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 87, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

\n\n

Her modest behaviour was appreciated by everyone in the assembly.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["distant", "unpresuming", "conceited", "obvious"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'conceited'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the underlined word 'modest' is 'conceited'.
Modest: not talking too much about your own abilities, good qualities, etc. [विनम्र, विनीत (अपनी क्षमताओं आदि का बखान न करने वाला)]\n\t
- Example: She got the best results in the exam but she was too modest to tell anyone.
\n\t
Conceited: excessively proud of oneself; vain. (अहंकारी, घमंडी)\n\t
- Example: He’s so conceited—he thinks he’s the best at everything!
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: conceited.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- distant: a long way away in space or time. (स्‍थान या समय की दृष्टि से काफ़ी दूर)
- unpresuming: modest; unassuming. (निःसंदेह)
- obvious: easily seen or understood; clear. (जो आसानी से दिखाई दे या समझ में आए; स्‍पष्‍ट)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 88, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate synonym of the word given in brackets to fill in the blank.

\n\n

She looked ____________ (luminous) in the diamond necklace.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["impudent", "strident", "transcendent", "resplendent"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'resplendent'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'luminous' is 'resplendent'.
Luminous: that shines in the dark. (अँधेरे में चमकने वाला)\n\t
- Example: a luminous watch...
\n\t
Resplendent: brightly coloured in an attractive and impressive way. (आकर्षक ढंग से चमकीला; दमकता हुआ, चमचमाता हुआ; देदीप्यमान)\n\t
- Example: My mother looked resplendent in a red silk sari.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: resplendent.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- impudent: very rude; lacking respect and not polite. (बहुत अशिष्‍ट; आदरभाव और नम्रता से रहित, निर्लज्ज)
- strident: (used about a voice or a sound) loud and unpleasant. [(स्‍वर या ध्वनि) तीव्र और कर्णकटु; कानफोड़ू, तीक्ष्‍ण]
- transcendent: beyond or above the range of normal or physical human experience. (उत्कृष्ट)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 89, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

\n\n

Once in a blue moon

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Very ancient", "Very colorful", "Very rare", "Very high"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Very rare'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'Once in a blue moon' is 'Very rare'.
Once in a blue moon: very rarely; almost never. (बहुत कम; लगभग कभी नहीं)\n\t
- Example: Once in a blue moon I go to the cinema, only when there's a film I really, really want to see.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Once in a blue moon.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 90, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

\n\n

Who teaches her geography?

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["By who geography is taught to her? ", "By whom she is taught geography?", "By whom is she taught geography?", "By whom was she taught geography?"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'By whom is she taught geography?'

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The given sentence is in the active voice. As per the question we have to change it into passive voice.
The process of transformation is as follows:\n\t
- We know that 'Who' is changed into 'By whom' in 'active to passive' voice transformation.
- The structure of it as follows: \n\t\t
  - Who+has+V3+object?
  - By whom+has+Object+been+V3?
  \n\t\t
- 'teaches' will be changed into 'is taught'.
- Example:\n\t\t
  - Who has broken the chair? (active voice)
  - By whom has the chair been broken? (passive voice)
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: By whom is she taught geography?

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 91, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A. Because of the region's scorching heat and aridity, a considerable amount of water evaporates.

\n\n

B. As a result, the salt and other minerals become increasingly concentrated.

\n\n

C. It is then unable to exit the lake and is forced to evaporate.

\n\n

D. The Dead Sea is one of the saltiest bodies of water on the planet, with about ten times the salt content of typical saltwater.

\n\n

E. This is because water flows into the Dead Sea from a single primary tributary, the Jordan River.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["DECAB", "DCBAE", "DEABC", "DACEB"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'DECAB'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The given question is an example of a Para Jumble.
We know that the first statement of a para jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, starting of an incident, or it starts with 'most' or 'once'.
The correct sequence to form a coherent paragraph is: DECAB.\n\t
- D. The Dead Sea is one of the saltiest bodies of water on the planet, with about ten times the salt content of typical saltwater.
- E. This is because water flows into the Dead Sea from a single primary tributary, the Jordan River.
- C. It is then unable to exit the lake and is forced to evaporate.
- A. Because of the region's scorching heat and aridity, a considerable amount of water evaporates.
- B. As a result, the salt and other minerals become increasingly concentrated.
\n\t
This arrangement also makes sense. It begins by stating the uniqueness of the Dead Sea's saltiness (D) and then explains the reason behind this high salt content (E). Subsequently, it describes the inability of water to exit and the subsequent evaporation (C), which is due to the extreme heat and aridity of the region (A).
Finally, it concludes by linking the consequence of water evaporation to the increased concentration of salt and minerals (B). This sequence creates a logical flow of information, explaining the characteristics and factors contributing to the Dead Sea's high salinity.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 92, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A) Bauxite is used as a main raw material for the production of aluminium.

\n\n

B) Precipitation is a pre-final stage for actual production.

\n\n

C) Sodium aluminate is acquired in the next step.

\n\n

D) The smelting process actually extracts aluminium as a final product from its oxide.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["ABCD", "ACBD", "DCAB", "ADCB"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'ACBD'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The correct sequence to form a coherent paragraph is: ACBD.
Let's look at the correct sequence:\n\t
- A) Bauxite is used as a main raw material for the production of aluminium.
- C) Sodium aluminate is acquired in the next step.
- B) Precipitation is a pre-final stage for actual production.
- D) The smelting process actually extracts aluminium as a final product from its oxide.
\n\t
In this sequence, the paragraph starts with the introduction of bauxite as the primary raw material for aluminum production (A), then proceeds to describe the acquisition of sodium aluminate (C). Following this, it explains the role of precipitation as a preparatory stage (B) and concludes by describing the smelting process that extracts aluminum from its oxide (D). This arrangement forms a coherent explanation of the stages involved in aluminum production.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 93, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A. She dashed from one side to the other, taking care not to destroy the lovely flowers in the garden.

\n\n

B. Karen took a stroll in a lovely garden full of tulips and butterflies.

\n\n

C. She discovered a swing constructed of tree branches behind a large bush.

\n\n

D. Karen went onto the swing without hesitation and began swinging, causing the wind to dishevel her hair.

\n\n

E. The small girl adored the outdoors and relished the breeze blowing through her hair.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["BEACD", "DBCAE", "BDECA", "BDCAE"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'BEACD'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate sequence of the given question is 'BEACD'.\n\n\t
- B. Karen took a stroll in a lovely garden full of tulips and butterflies.
- E. The small girl adored the outdoors and relished the breeze blowing through her hair.
- A. She dashed from one side to the other, taking care not to destroy the lovely flowers in the garden.
- C. She discovered a swing constructed of tree branches behind a large bush.
- D. Karen went onto the swing without hesitation and began swinging, causing the wind to dishevel her hair.
\n\t
This arrangement starts by introducing Karen's stroll in the beautiful garden (B), followed by the mention of the small girl enjoying the outdoors and the breeze (E). It then describes Karen being cautious not to damage the flowers in the garden (A), followed by her discovery of the swing made of tree branches (C). Finally, it concludes with Karen's immediate action of getting onto the swing and enjoying the experience (D). This sequence creates a coherent flow, describing Karen's exploration and enjoyment of the garden's elements.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 94, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

\n\n

Who broke my glasses?

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Who had broken my glasses?", "Who is breaking my glasses?", "By whom were my glasses being broken?", "By whom were my glasses broken?"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'By whom were my glasses broken?'

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The given sentence is in the active voice. As per the question we have to change it into passive voice.
The process of transformation is as follows:\n\t
- We know that 'Who' is changed into 'By whom' in 'active to passive' voice transformation.
- The structure of it as follows: \n\t\t
  - Who+has+V3+object?
  - By whom+has+Object+been+V3?
  \n\t\t
- 'broke' will be changed into 'were broken'.
- Example:\n\t\t
  - Who has broken the chair? (active voice)
  - By whom has the chair been broken? (passive voice)
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: By whom were my glasses broken?

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 95, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the correctly spelt option that can substitute the underlined word in the given sentence.

\n\n

Her duel attitude misguides everyone.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["daul", "deul", "dual", "dwell"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'dual'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The correctly spelt word that can substitute the underlined word "duel" in the sentence is: dual.
"Dual" means having two aspects or components. In the context of the sentence provided, "dual attitude" refers to having two contradictory or conflicting attitudes. The other options don't represent the intended meaning or are misspellings.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: Her dual attitude misguided everyone.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 96, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 1. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["use", "uses", "being use", "used"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'used'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 1 is: used.
The given sentence requires a past participle to form the passive voice, indicating that the posters are the object receiving the action.
The context of the sentence indicates that posters are employed or utilized for a purpose.
"Used" as the past participle fits this meaning perfectly, indicating that posters are a tool or instrument for promoting a brand or passing information.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.
\n\t

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

"Uses" is the third-person singular present tense, which doesn't match the plural subject.
"Being use" is grammatically incorrect as it combines the gerund form ("being") with the bare infinitive ("use").
"Use" is the bare infinitive, which cannot function as the main verb in this sentence.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 97, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 2. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["away", "on", "for", "to"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'on'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The appropriate option to fill in blank no. 2: on.
The sentence structure discussing posters indicates they are utilized "to promote a brand or pass on important information."
Here, "pass on" implies that posters serve as a medium through which important information is communicated or transferred to the audience.
It highlights the role of posters as a channel or platform for conveying crucial details, emphasizing that the posters themselves are the means by which this information is transmitted.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 98, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 3. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["little", "varied", "much", "similar"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'varied'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 3 is: varied.
The sentence structure suggests that posters have diverse uses or applications.
They can serve various purposes, from warning people about a wet floor to informing them about upcoming sales or events. Therefore, "varied" fits well in this context to indicate the diverse range of purposes for which posters can be used.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 99, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 4. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["nor", "and", "yet", "also"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'and'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 4: and.
The sentence structure suggests that posters usually include a picture "and" very few words.
The word "and" in this context serves to connect or add to the previous statement, indicating that along with a picture, posters also contain minimal text. This conjunction helps convey that posters typically consist of both visual elements and limited textual information.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Passage: Posters are used to promote a brand or pass on important information. They can be used for varied purposes ranging from telling people to be cautious as the floor is wet, to informing them about an upcoming sale or event. They usually include a picture and very few words. A suitable (5) __________ makes a poster effective and memorable.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 100, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 5.", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["caption", "anticipation", "quotation", "caution"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'caption'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 5 is 'caption'.
In the context provided, a "caption" is a concise explanation or description accompanying an image.
Since the sentence refers to posters usually including a picture and very few words, the term "caption" aligns with the idea that the limited textual content on a poster often consists of a brief description or caption that complements the image.
Captions play a crucial role in making a poster effective and memorable by providing context or enhancing the visual message.
\n\t

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Anticipation is a feeling of excitement about something that is going to happen in the near future. In the context of a poster's elements, anticipation is more of an emotional response rather than a tangible component of a poster.
Quotation refers to a group of words taken from a text or speech and repeated by someone other than the original author or speaker. Although a quotation can be used in a poster, it is not as universally applicable or necessary for effectiveness as a caption.
Caution is a warning against danger or risk. While caution could be the focus of a poster's message, especially in safety posters, it is not an element that inherently makes a poster effective or memorable across all contexts.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}], "gu": [{"n": 1, "si": 0, "text": "

નીચે આપેલા શબ્દોની જોડીમાં વ્યક્ત થયેલા સંબંધ સમાન સંબંધ દર્શાવતી શબ્દ-જોડી પસંદ કરો. (શબ્દોને અર્થપૂર્ણ અંગ્રેજી શબ્દો તરીકે ગણવાના રહેશે અને શબ્દમાં રહેલા અક્ષરોની સંખ્યા/વ્યંજન/સ્વરની સંખ્યાના આધારે એકબીજા સાથે સંબંધિત હોવા જોઈએ નહીં.)

\n\n

Horse : Mare (ઘોડો : ઘોડી)

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Bull : Cow (આખલો : ગાય)", "Duck : Chick (બતક : બચ્ચું)", "Dog : Calf (કૂતરો : વાછરડું)", "Butterfly : Larva (પતંગિયું : ઈયળ)"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

અહીં, Bull : Cow એ સાચો જવાબ છે.

\n\n

⇒ Bull (આખલો) અને Cow (ગાય) એ અનુક્રમે પશુ (cattle) જાતિના નર અને માદા સમકક્ષ છે.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 2, "si": 0, "text": "

Select the option figure in which the given figure is embedded (rotation is NOT allowed).

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 3, "sol": " $\"\"$ is embedded in figure option - (4) i.e $\"\"$ .", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 3, "si": 0, "text": "The second number in the given number pairs is obtained by performing certain mathematical operation(s) on the first number. The same operation(s) are followed in all the number pairs, EXCEPT one. Find that odd number pair.", "comp": "", "opts": ["(8, 62)", "(10, 100)", "(14, 194)", "(12, 142)"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

Logic : (Square of 1st number - 2) = 2nd number

\n\n

So,

\n\n

Option - (2) : (10, 100)

\n\n

\$(10)^2\$ - 2 = 100

\n\n

100 - 2 = 100

\n\n

98 ≠ 100 (LHS ≠ RHS)

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 4, "si": 0, "text": "

આપેલા શબ્દોને અંગ્રેજી શબ્દકોશમાં જોવા મળે તે મુજબ યોગ્ય ક્રમમાં રજૂ કરતો વિકલ્પ પસંદ કરો.

\n\n

1. Calamity

\n\n

2. Calcium

\n\n

3. Calculus

\n\n

4. Calmly

\n\n

5. Calories

\n\n

6. Calendar

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6", "1, 2, 3, 6, 4, 5", "2, 3, 1, 6, 4, 5", "1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 5"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

શબ્દકોશમાં ક્રમ મુજબ:

\n\n

1. Calamity

\n\n

2. Calcium

\n\n

3. Calculus

\n\n

6. Calendar

\n\n

4. Calmly

\n\n

5. Calories

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 5, "si": 0, "text": "

Three different positions of the same dice are shown. Find the number on the face opposite the face showing '2'.

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["4", "3", "6", "5"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

From the given three different cubes, figure 1 and figure 3, the adjacent sides are as shown below :

\n\n

As 2 is common in both figure 1 and figure 3, it is clear that 1, 3, 4 and 6 are adjacent to it, and the remaining number i.e., 5 will be opposite to it.

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

Opposite pairs:

\n\n

4 → 3

\n\n

1 → 6

\n\n

5 → 5

\n\n

So, the opposite side of \"2\" will be side \"5\".

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 6, "si": 0, "text": "

એ વિકલ્પ પસંદ કરો જે ત્રીજા પદ સાથે એ રીતે સંબંધિત છે જે રીતે બીજું પદ પ્રથમ પદ સાથે સંબંધિત છે અને છઠ્ઠું પદ પાંચમા પદ સાથે સંબંધિત છે.

\n\n

6 ∶ 136 ∶∶ 8 ∶ ? ∶∶ 12 ∶ 568

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["248", "284", "244", "288"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

તર્ક: (પ્રથમ સંખ્યા × 2)2 - 8 = બીજી સંખ્યા

\n\n

તેથી,

\n\n

8 ∶ ?

\n\n

\$(8 \\times 2)^2 \$ - 8 = ?

\n\n

\$(16)^2 \$ - 8 = ?

\n\n

256 - 8 = ?

\n\n

248 = ?

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 7, "si": 0, "text": "

Which of the answer figures is the exact mirror image of the given problem figure when the mirror is held at the right side?

\n\n

Problem figure:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

Here, figure option - (3) is the correct mirror image of the given figure.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 8, "si": 0, "text": "

ગણિતીય ચિન્હોનો સાચો સંયોજન પસંદ કરો જે ક્રમિક રીતે * ચિન્હોને બદલી શકે અને આપેલ સમીકરણને સંતુલિત કરી શકે.

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["x + ÷ -", "x ÷ - +", "+ ÷ x -", "÷ - x +"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

આપેલ વિધાન : 96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15

\n\n

પ્રશ્ન અનુસાર, * ચિન્હોને બદલ્યા પછી:

\n\n

તેથી,

\n\n

વિકલ્પ - (1) : x + ÷ -

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15 ⇒ 96 x 3 + 7 ÷ 4 - 11 = 15

\n\n

96 x 3 + 1.75 - 11 = 15

\n\n

288 + 1.75 - 11 = 15

\n\n

289.75 - 11 = 15

\n\n

278.75 ≠ 15 (ડાબા ≠જબા)

\n\n

વિકલ્પ - (2) : x ÷ - +

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15 ⇒ 96 x 3 ÷ 7 - 4 + 11 = 15

\n\n

96 x 0.42 - 4 + 11 = 15

\n\n

40.32 + 11 - 4 = 15

\n\n

51.32 - 4 = 15

\n\n

47.32 ≠ 15 (ડાબા ≠જબા)

\n\n

વિકલ્પ - (3) : + ÷ x -

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15 ⇒ 96 + 3 ÷ 7 x 4 - 11 = 15

\n\n

96 + 0.42 x 4 - 11 = 15

\n\n

96 + 1.68 - 11 = 15

\n\n

97.68 - 11 = 15

\n\n

82.68 ≠ 15 (ડાબા ≠જબા)

\n\n

વિકલ્પ - (4) : ÷ - x +

\n\n

96 * 3 * 7 * 4 * 11 = 15 ⇒ 96 ÷ 3 - 7 x 4 + 11 = 15

\n\n

32 - 7 x 4 + 11 = 15

\n\n

32 + 11 - 28 = 15

\n\n

43 - 28 = 15

\n\n

15 = 15 ((ડાબા=જબા))

\n\n

તેથી, \"વિકલ્પ - (4)\" સાચો જવાબ છે.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 9, "si": 0, "text": "

જે રીતે બીજો અક્ષર-સમૂહ પ્રથમ અક્ષર-સમૂહ સાથે સંબંધિત છે અને ચોથો અક્ષર-સમૂહ ત્રીજા અક્ષર-સમૂહ સાથે સંબંધિત છે તે જ રીતે પાંચમા અક્ષર-સમૂહ સાથે સંબંધિત વિકલ્પ પસંદ કરો.

\n\n

ADAMS : DASMA :: TOWER : OTREW :: RAINY : ?

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["ARYNI", "YNIAR", "INYRA", "AINYR"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

તર્ક

\n\n

પ્રથમ બે અક્ષરો → અદલાબદલી સ્થિતિ
છેલ્લા ત્રણ અક્ષરો → ત્રાંસા લખેલા

\n\n

તેથી,

\n\n

વરસાદ : ?

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 10, "si": 0, "text": "

નીચેના સમૂહોની સંખ્યાઓ જે રીતે સંબંધિત છે તે જ રીતે આપેલ વિકલ્પોમાં એ જ રીતે સંબંધિત સંખ્યાઓ ધરાવતો સમૂહ પસંદ કરો.

\n\n

(નોંધ: સંખ્યાઓને તેના ઘટક અંકોમાં અલગ કર્યા વિના, સંપૂર્ણ સંખ્યાઓ પર ગણતરી કરવી. દા.ત. 13 - 13 પરની ગણતરીઓ જેમ કે 13માં સરવાળો/બાદબાકી/ગુણાકાર વગેરે કરી શકાય છે. 13ને 1 અને 3માં અલગ કરીને પછી 1 અને 3 પર ગણતરી કરવાની મંજૂરી નથી)

\n\n

(26, 62, 140)

\n\n

(12, 39, 75)

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["(20, 38, 108)", "(20, 48, 108)", "(50, 48, 108)", "(20, 48, 98)"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

તર્ક : (1લી સંખ્યા × 3) + 2જી સંખ્યા = 3જી સંખ્યા

\n\n

તેથી,

\n\n

વિકલ્પ - (2): (20, 48, 108)

\n\n

(20 × 3) + 48 = 108

\n\n

60 + 48 = 108

\n\n

108 = 108 (ડા.બા = જ.બા)

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 11, "si": 0, "text": "

આપેલ શ્રેણીમાં નીચેનામાંથી કયો અક્ષર-સમૂહ પ્રશ્ન ચિહ્ન (?) ને બદલશે?

\n\n

EJCK, GMDO, IPES, ?, MVGA

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["KRFW", "KTFW", "KSFW", "KRFV"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

તર્ક : ઇંગ્લિશ વર્ણમાળા અનુસાર પ્રથમ, બીજા, ત્રીજા અને ચોથા અક્ષરના સ્થાનના મૂલ્યમાં અનુક્રમે (2), (3), (1) અને (4) ઉમેરવામાં આવે છે.

\n\n

તેથી,

\n\n

$\"\"$ $\"\"$ $\"\"$ $\"\"$

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 12, "si": 0, "text": "

આપેલ પેટર્નનો કાળજીપૂર્વક અભ્યાસ કરો અને તે સંખ્યા પસંદ કરો જે તેમાં પ્રશ્ન ચિહ્ન (?) ને બદલી શકે.

\n\n

(3, 5, 6)

\n\n

(5, 12, 15)

\n\n

(9, 4, ?)

\n\n

(નોંધ: ક્રિયાઓ સંપૂર્ણ સંખ્યાઓ પર થવી જોઈએ, સંખ્યાઓને તેના ઘટક અંકોમાં તોડ્યા વિના. દા.ત. 13 - 13 પરની ક્રિયાઓ જેમ કે 13 માં ઉમેરવું/બાદબાકી/ગુણાકાર વગેરે કરી શકાય છે. 13 ને 1 અને 3 માં તોડીને પછી 1 અને 3 પર ગાણિતિક ક્રિયાઓ કરવાની મંજૂરી નથી)

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["13", "9", "11", "7"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

તર્ક : (પહેલી સંખ્યા + બીજી સંખ્યા) - 2 = ત્રીજી સંખ્યા

\n\n

તેથી,

\n\n

(9, 4, ?)

\n\n

9 + 4 - 2 = ?

\n\n

13 - 2 = ?

\n\n

11 = ?

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 13, "si": 0, "text": "

એ સમૂહને પસંદ કરો જેમાં સંખ્યાઓ એ રીતે સંબંધિત છે જે રીતે નીચેના સમૂહની સંખ્યાઓ સંબંધિત છે.

\n\n

(નોંધ: સંખ્યાઓને તેના ઘટક અંકોમાં વિભાજિત કર્યા વિના, પૂર્ણ સંખ્યાઓ પર પ્રક્રિયાઓ કરવી જોઈએ. ઉદાહરણ તરીકે 13 - 13 પરની પ્રક્રિયાઓ જેમ કે 13 માં ઉમેરી/બાદબાકી/ગુણાકાર વગેરે કરી શકાય છે. 13 ને 1 અને 3 માં વિભાજિત કરીને 1 અને 3 પર ગાણિતિક પ્રક્રિયાઓ કરવાની અનુમતિ નથી.)

\n\n

(6, 16, 8)

\n\n

(5, 15, 9)

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["(4, 12, 11)", "(3, 11, 11)", "(3, 19, 11)", "(4, 32, 8)"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

તર્ક: [(બીજી સંખ્યા × 3) ÷ પ્રથમ સંખ્યા] = ત્રીજી સંખ્યા

\n\n

તેથી,

\n\n

વિકલ્પ - (2) : (3, 11, 11)

\n\n

(11 × 3) ÷ 3 = 11

\n\n

33 ÷ 3 = 11

\n\n

11 = 11 (ડા.બા. = જ.બા.)

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 14, "si": 0, "text": "

આપેલા પેટર્નને પૂર્ણ કરવા માટે, નીચેના વિકલ્પોમાંથી કયો આકૃતિ પ્રશ્નાર્થ ચિહ્નને બદલી શકે છે તે પસંદ કરો.

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

અહીં, આકૃતિ વિકલ્પ - (2) આપેલ પેટર્નને પૂર્ણ કરે છે.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 15, "si": 0, "text": "અમિલ એક છોકરી તરફ ઈશારો કરીને કહે છે કે તે તેની એકમાત્ર પુત્રીના પિતાના પિતૃત્વના દાદાની પૌત્રી છે. અમિલના પિતાને કોઈ ભાઈ-બહેન નથી. છોકરી અમિલ સાથે કેવી રીતે સંબંધિત છે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["પૌત્રી", "બહેન", "પિતૃત્વ દાદી", "માતા"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

અહીં, છોકરી અમિલની બહેન છે.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 16, "si": 0, "text": "એક ચોક્કસ કોડ ભાષામાં, 'BREAD' ને RBBDA અને 'FLOUR' ને LFLRU તરીકે કોડ કરવામાં આવે છે. 'PAINT' ને આ જ ભાષામાં કેવી રીતે કોડ કરવામાં આવશે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["AFPTN", "APLTN", "NTFAP", "APFTN"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

તર્ક:

\n\n

પહેલા બે અક્ષરો → સ્થાન બદલાય છે
ત્રીજો અક્ષર → અંગ્રેજી મૂળાક્ષર શ્રેણી અનુસાર સ્થાનના મૂલ્યમાંથી (3) બાદ કરવામાં આવે છે.
છેલ્લા બે અક્ષરો → સ્થાન બદલાય છે

\n\n

તેથી,

\n\n

'PAINT' ને કોડ કરવામાં આવશે:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 17, "si": 0, "text": "

નીચેના સમીકરણમાં કયા ગાણિતિક ચિહ્નોની અદલાબદલી કરવી જોઈએ તેથી સમીકરણને ગાણિતિક રીતે સાચું બનાવી શકાય?

\n\n

459 + 17 × 12 ÷ 72 - 47 = 349

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["÷ અને +", "÷ અને -", "+ અને ×", "- અને +"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

ચિહ્નો બદલ્યા પછી:

\n\n

હવે,

\n\n

વિકલ્પ - (1) : ÷ અને +

\n\n

459 + 17 × 12 ÷ 72 - 47 = 349 ⇒ 459 ÷ 17 × 12 + 72 - 47 = 349

\n\n

27 × 12 + 72 - 47 = 349

\n\n

324 + 72 - 47 = 349

\n\n

396 - 47 = 349

\n\n

349 = 349 (ડાબી બાજુ = જમણી બાજુ)

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 18, "si": 0, "text": "ચાર અક્ષર-ગણ આપવામાં આવ્યા છે, જેમાંથી ત્રણ અમુક રીતે સમરૂપ છે અને એક ભિન્ન છે. ભિન્ન અક્ષર-ગણ પસંદ કરો.", "comp": "", "opts": ["JPSW", "BEJQ", "CFKR", "MPUB"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

અહીં અનુસરવામાં આવેલ તર્ક છે:-

\n\n

પ્રથમ અને બીજો અક્ષર → અંગ્રેજી મૂળાક્ષરોની શ્રેણી અનુસાર સ્થાન મૂલ્યો વચ્ચેનો તફાવત (3) છે.
બીજો અને ત્રીજો અક્ષર → અંગ્રેજી મૂળાક્ષરોની શ્રેણી અનુસાર સ્થાન મૂલ્યો વચ્ચેનો તફાવત (5) છે.
ત્રીજો અને ચોથો અક્ષર → અંગ્રેજી મૂળાક્ષરોની શ્રેણી અનુસાર સ્થાન મૂલ્યો વચ્ચેનો તફાવત (7) છે.

\n\n

1) JPSW

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

2) BEJQ

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

3) CFKR

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

4) MPUB

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

∴ અહીં, 'JPSW' અન્ય ત્રણ વિકલ્પોથી અલગ છે.

\n\n

તેથી, સાચો જવાબ \"JPSW\" છે.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 19, "si": 0, "text": "

આપેલ આકૃતિમાં બંધ બેસતી વિકલ્પ આકૃતિ પસંદ કરો (ફેરવવાની મંજૂરી નથી).

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 0, "sol": " $\"\"$ આકૃતિ વિકલ્પમાં એમ્બેડ કરેલ છે - (1) એટલે કે $\"\"$ ", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 20, "si": 0, "text": "

નીચેના વર્ગો વચ્ચેના સંબંધને શ્રેષ્ઠ રીતે દર્શાવતો વેન ડાયાગ્રામ પસંદ કરો.

\n\n

દિરહામ, દુબઈ, ચલણ

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

⇒જેમ કે દિરહામ ચલણનો એક પ્રકાર છે, તેથી તે ચલણનો એક ભાગ છે. તેથી તમામ દિરહામ ચલણમાં આવવું જોઈએ.

\n\n

⇒દુબઈ એ સાત અમીરાતમાંથી એક છે જે ચલણથી અલગ છે , તેથી તેને અલગથી દર્શાવવું જોઈએ.

\n\n

અહીં, વિકલ્પ - (2) એ યોગ્ય વેન ડાયાગ્રામ છે જે નીચેના વર્ગો વચ્ચેના સંબંધને શ્રેષ્ઠ રીતે સમજાવે છે.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 21, "si": 0, "text": "

Select the figure that will replace the question mark (?) in the following figure series.

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

Here, figure option - (2) completes the given pattern.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 22, "si": 0, "text": "

Select the option that represents the letters that, when placed from left to right in the blanks below, will complete the letter series.

\n\n

_ R Q _ P R _ S _ _ Q S P R Q _

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["P Q R S PR", "P S Q P R S", "P S R Q P S ", "P R Q S P S"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

By checking options :

\n\n

P S Q P R S → P R Q S P R Q S P R Q S P R Q S → (It follows the pattern of : PRQS - PRQS - PRQS - PRQS)

\n\n

⇒⇒Option - (2) gives the pattern of \"P R Q S - P R Q S - P R Q S - P R Q S\"

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 23, "si": 0, "text": "

આપેલ શ્રેણીમાં નીચેનામાંથી કઈ સંખ્યા પ્રશ્નાર્થ ચિહ્ન (?)ને બદલશે?

\n\n

245, 212,?, 146, 113, 80

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["176", "179", "178", "180"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

તર્ક : (33) પછીથી દરેક સંખ્યામાંથી બાદ કરવામાં આવે છે.

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 24, "si": 0, "text": "

નીચેના વર્ગો વચ્ચેના સંબંધને શ્રેષ્ઠ રીતે દર્શાવતી વેન આકૃતિ પસંદ કરો.

\n\n

સ્ત્રીઓ, માતાઓ, ગાયકો

\n", "comp": "", "opts": [" $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ ", " $\"\"$ "], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

વેન આકૃતિ જે મહિલાઓ, માતાઓ, ગાયકો વચ્ચેના સંબંધને શ્રેષ્ઠ રીતે રજૂ કરે છે તે નીચે દર્શાવેલ છે:

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n\n

⇒ માતા સ્ત્રી વર્ગનો ઉપગણ છે, તેથી સંપૂર્ણ માતાઓ સ્ત્રીઓમાં આવશે.

\n\n

⇒ જેમ કે કેટલીક સ્ત્રીઓ અને માતાઓ પણ ગાયક હોઈ શકે છે, તેથી સ્ત્રી અને માતા બંનેનો અમુક ભાગ ગાયક સાથે સામાન્ય છે.

\n\n

તેથી, સાચો જવાબ \"વિકલ્પ 3\" છે.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 25, "si": 0, "text": "એક ચોક્કસ કોડ ભાષામાં, 'UPSIDE' ને 'NJNEAC' તરીકે કોડ કરવામાં આવે છે અને 'GINGER' ને 'ZCICBP' તરીકે કોડ કરવામાં આવે છે. સમાન ભાષામાં 'BRUNCH' કેવી રીતે કોડ કરવામાં આવશે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["TKOKYE", "VMQKAG", "WNRKBH", "ULPJZF"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

તર્ક : (7), (6), (5), (4), (3) અને (2) આપેલા શબ્દના પ્રથમ અક્ષરથી શરૂ કરીને, અંગ્રેજી વર્ણમળા શ્રેણી અનુસાર સ્થાન મૂલ્યમાંથી બાદ કરવામાં આવે છે.

\n\n

તેથી,

\n\n

'BRUNCH' ને કોડ કરવામાં આવશે :

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 26, "si": 1, "text": "In February 2021, In which of the following cases did the Court observe that the consent of a family is not needed once two adults decide to marry?", "comp": "", "opts": ["Satbir Singh v. State of Haryana", "Rahul Sharma v. National Insurance Company Ltd.", "Devilal v. State of Madhya Pradesh", "Laxmibai Chandaragi v. The State of Karnataka"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is Laxmibai Chandaragi v. The State of Karnataka.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

Laxmibai Chandaragi B v. State of Karnataka(2021) - Upholding the Personal Liberty.\n\n\t
- The Indian Supreme Court rendered a landmark decision in the Laxmibai Chandaragi B v. State of Karnataka(2021) and others case, upholding the basic right under Article 21 of the Constitution to choose one's life mate.
- The court stressed that a person's decision on marriage should not be influenced by caste, social conventions, or family approval.
\n\t

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Satbir Singh v. State of Haryana - related to dowry death.\n\n\t
- Supreme court mentioned 12 guidelines related to dowry death
- The meaning of "soon before death" was clarified by the Supreme Court. It provided the trial court with guidelines stating that "soon before her death" does not imply that the court should remember that there should be a proper relationship between dowry death and cruelty for dowry asked by the husband or relatives just before the death of a woman.
\n\t
Rahul Sharma Vs National Insurance Company Ltd (2021) - \n\t
- The case challenges the modified compensation part of a previous judgment of the High Court of Delhi.
- \n\t\t
  This judgment stated that she will be liable for 40% of future prospects in her income even though she is self-employed.
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Devilal vs. State of Madhya Pradesh - Prevention of Untouchability\n\t
- The Devilal v. State of MP case is significant because it centers on an Untouchability occurrence. Untouchability is a wicked practice that has been practiced in both rural and some urban regions from ancient times.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 27, "si": 1, "text": "નીચેનામાંથી કયું કાર્બનિક સંયોજન ઓલેફિયન્ટ ગેસનું પર્યાય છે જેનો ઉપયોગ એનેસ્થેટિક્સ, રેફ્રિજન્ટ્સ અને અન્ય રસાયણો બનાવવા માટે થાય છે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["ઇથિલિન", "1-પેન્ટેન", "મિથેન", "બ્યુટેન"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ છે ઇથિલિન.

\n\n

મુખ્ય મુદ્દાઓ

\n\n

ઇથિલિન, જેને પાકવા માટેનો હોર્મોન પણ કહેવાય છે તે છોડના વિકાસમાં ભૂમિકા ભજવે છે.
ઇથિલિન મીઠી ગંધ અને સ્વાદવાળા રંગહીન વાયુ તરીકે દેખાય છે.
તે હવા કરતાં હલકું છે.
ઇથિલિનનો ઉપયોગ એનેસ્થેટિક્સ, રેફ્રિજન્ટ્સ અને અન્ય રસાયણો બનાવવા માટે થાય છે.
તે એક મહત્વપૂર્ણ કુદરતી છોડ હોર્મોન પણ છે અને તેનો ઉપયોગ કૃષિમાં ફળોને પાકવા માટે થાય છે.
ઇથિલિનનું હાઇડ્રેટ ઇથેનોલ છે.

\n\n

વધારાની માહિતીમિથેન

\n\n

આ સંયોજનમાં 1 કાર્બન અણુ હોય છે જે 'મેથ' લખીને દર્શાવવામાં આવે છે.
આ સંયોજનમાં તમામ સિંગલ બોન્ડ્સ હોય છે, તેથી તે સંતૃપ્ત છે.
સંતૃપ્ત હાઇડ્રોકાર્બનનો અંત 'એન' દ્વારા સૂચવવામાં આવે છે.
'મેથ' અને 'એન' ને જોડતા, તેના સંયોજનનું IUPAC નામ 'મિથેન' બને છે.
મિથેનનું પરમાણુ સૂત્ર CH4 છે.
આમ, હાઇડ્રોકાર્બન CH4 નું IUPAC નામ તેમજ સામાન્ય નામ સમાન છે, મિથેન.
તે એક આલ્કેન છે અને તેનું સામાન્ય સૂત્ર CnH2n+2.

\n\n

બ્યુટેન

\n\n

બ્યુટેન એ પેરાફિન શ્રેણીના રાસાયણિક સૂત્ર C4H10 સાથેના બે સંતૃપ્ત હાઇડ્રોકાર્બન અથવા આલ્કેન્સમાંથી એક છે. બંને સંયોજનોમાં, કાર્બન પરમાણુઓ ખુલ્લી શૃંખલામાં જોડાયેલા હોય છે. n-બ્યુટેનમાં શૃંખલા.
બ્યુટેન ડેરિવેટિવ્સ અત્યંત જ્વલનશીલ, રંગહીન, સરળતાથી પ્રવાહીકૃત વાયુઓ છે જે ઓરડાના તાપમાને ઝડપથી બાષ્પીભવન થાય છે.
બ્યુટેનનું IUPAC નામ (CH3CH2CH2CH3) છે.
બ્યુટેન ગેસોલિનમાં ઉમેરવામાં આવે છે અને ઠંડા વાતાવરણમાં તેની અસ્થિરતામાં વધારો કરે છે. આઇસોમેરાઇઝેશન તરીકે ઓળખાતી રિફાઇનરી પ્રક્રિયામાં આઇસોબ્યુટેનમાં રૂપાંતરિત થાય છે, તે બ્યુટેન જેવા અન્ય કેટલાક હાઇડ્રોકાર્બન ડેરિવેટિવ્ઝ સાથે પ્રતિક્રિયા કરીને ગેસોલિનના મૂલ્યવાન ઉચ્ચ-ઓક્ટેન ઘટકો બનાવી શકે છે.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 28, "si": 1, "text": "Which of the following is NOT a tributary of the Godavari river?", "comp": "", "opts": ["Mahi", "Pranhita", "Manjra", "Purna"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is Mahi.

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Key Points

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Mahi rises in Madhya Pradesh and, after flowing through the Vagad region of Rajasthan, enters Gujarat and flows into the Arabian Sea.
Mahi River is the only river in India that cuts the Tropic of Cancer twice, first in Madhya Pradesh then it flows towards Rajasthan and enters Gujarat where it cuts for the second time.
It is bounded by Aravalli hills on the north and the north-west, by Malwa Plateau on the east, by the Vindhyas on the south, and by the Gulf of Khambhat on the west.
It originates from the northern slopes of Vindhyas at an altitude of 500m in the Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh.
It drains into the Arabian Sea through the Gulf of Khambhat.
Hydro Power stations are located in Mahi Bajaj Sagar dam and at Kadana Dam.
Vadodara is the only important urban center in the basin.
Mahi is not the tributary of Godavari.

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Additional Information

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Godavari river is the largest river of Peninsular India.
It is the second longest river of the country with length 1465 km.
The old name of Godavari river was Vriddh (Old) Ganga or the Dakshin (South) Ganga.
It originates from Maharashtra.
Trbutaries of Godavari are - the Pravara, the Purna, the Manjra, the Penganga, the Wardha, the Wainganga, the Pranhita the Indravati, the Maner and the Sabri.
longest tributary - Manjira.
largest tributary - Pranahita.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 29, "si": 1, "text": "બંધારણ અપનાવવા ઉપરાંત, 26 જાન્યુઆરીને પ્રજાસત્તાક દિવસ તરીકે ઉજવવા માટે પસંદ કરવામાં આવવાનું શું મહત્વ છે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["1857 ની ક્રાંતિ", "ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રીય કોંગ્રેસનો સ્થાપના દિવસ", "પૂર્ણ સ્વરાજની ઘોષણા", "ચંપારણ સત્યાગ્રહનો દિવસ"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ પૂર્ણ સ્વરાજની ઘોષણા છે.

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\nKey Points

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26 જાન્યુઆરીને પ્રજાસત્તાક દિવસ તરીકે ઉજવવા માટે પસંદ કરવામાં આવવાનું મહત્વ, બંધારણ અપનાવવા ઉપરાંત, તે દિવસે ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રીય કોંગ્રેસ (INC) એ 1930 માં ભારતીય સ્વતંત્રતાની ઘોષણા બહાર પાડી હતી.
આ દિવસ પસંદ કરવામાં આવ્યો હતો કારણ કે તે દિવસે કોંગ્રેસનો પૂર્ણ સ્વરાજ ઠરાવ અપનાવવામાં આવ્યો હતો.
પ્રજાસત્તાક દિવસ સમગ્ર દેશમાં 26 જાન્યુઆરી, 1950 ના રોજ મનાવવામાં આવે છે, જે દિવસે બંધારણ અમલમાં આવ્યું.
આ દિવસ ભારતની પ્રાચીન સંસ્કૃતિની શરૂઆત દર્શાવે છે, જે ઘણી સંસ્કૃતિઓ અને સામ્રાજ્યોનું મિશ્રણ છે.

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\nAdditional Information

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ચંપારણ સત્યાગ્રહ (એપ્રિલ 1917):\n\n\t
- તે બિહારના ચંપારણ જિલ્લામાં ગાંધી દ્વારા કરવામાં આવેલું પ્રથમ સત્યાગ્રહ આંદોલન હતું.
- મુદ્દો તિંકાઠિયા સિસ્ટમ હેઠળ ગળીની ખેતી ((3/20)th કુલ જમીનનો) હતો.
- ગાંધીએ અધિકારીઓને સિસ્ટમ સમાપ્ત કરવા માટે સમજાવ્યા
- માંગણી સ્વીકારવામાં આવી અને 25% વળતર આપવામાં આવ્યું.
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ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રીય કોંગ્રેસ\n\t
- ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રીય કોંગ્રેસની રચના 1885 માં એ.ઓ. હ્યુમ દ્વારા કરવામાં આવી હતી, જે એક અંગ્રેજ અને નિવૃત્ત સિવિલ સર્વન્ટ હતા.
- ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રીય કોંગ્રેસની સ્થાપના 1885 માં કરવામાં આવી હતી.
- INC નું પ્રથમ સત્ર બોમ્બેની ગોકુલદાસ તેજપાલ સંસ્કૃતિ કોલેજમાં યોજાયું હતું.
- તેની અધ્યક્ષતા બંગાળના વોમેશ ચંદ્ર બેનર્જીએ કરી હતી અને તેમાં 72 પ્રતિનિધિઓએ હાજરી આપી હતી.
- ડબલ્યુ.સી. બેનર્જી એ પ્રથમ ભારતીય બેરિસ્ટરોમાંના એક હતા અને તે સમયના અગ્રણી કાનૂની પ્રકાશકોમાંના એક હતા, તેમની ચૂંટણીએ એક સ્વસ્થ દાખલો સ્થાપિત કર્યો કે પ્રમુખની પસંદગી એવા પ્રાંતમાંથી થવી જોઈએ જ્યાં કોંગ્રેસ યોજાઈ રહી હોય તેનાથી અલગ હોય.
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\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 30, "si": 1, "text": "During the reign of Akbar, _________ was the land that has lain fallow for three or four years.", "comp": "", "opts": ["Parauti", "Polaj", "Chachar", "Banjar"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "During the reign of Akbar, Chachar was the land that has lain fallow for three or four years. During Akbar's reign, all the agricultural land was classified into four divisions: Polar, Parati, Chachar, Banjar. Polaj land was always cultivated and never left fallow. The Parauti land was left fallow for a year or two to retain its fertility. Banjar land was left fallow for five or more years.", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 31, "si": 1, "text": "અટલ પેન્શન યોજનાના સબ્સ્ક્રાઇબર્સ માટે વય માપદંડ શું છે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["20 - 30 વર્ષ", "25 - 35 વર્ષ", "18 - 40 વર્ષ", "40 - 60 વર્ષ"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ 18-40 છે.

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Key Points

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અટલ પેન્શન યોજના:-\n\n\t
- તે અસંગઠિત ક્ષેત્રના કામદારો માટે લક્ષિત સરકાર દ્વારા સમર્થિત પેન્શન યોજના છે.
- તે બધા પાત્ર સબ્સ્ક્રાઇબર્સને નિર્ધારિત પેન્શન પ્રદાન કરવા માટે 2015 માં શરૂ કરવામાં આવ્યું હતું.
- પેન્શનની રકમ યોજનામાં જોડાવાના સમયે સબસ્ક્રાઇબરની ઉંમર, યોગદાનની રકમ અને યોગદાનની મુદત પર આધારિત છે.
- પ્રવેશની લઘુત્તમ વય 18 વર્ષ અને મહત્તમ વય 40 વર્ષ છે .
- પેન્શન લાભો મેળવવા માટે સબસ્ક્રાઇબરે 60 વર્ષની ઉંમર સુધી નિયમિત યોગદાન આપવું પડશે.
- યોગદાનની રકમ પ્રવેશની ઉંમર અને સબ્સ્ક્રાઇબર દ્વારા પસંદ કરાયેલ પેન્શનની રકમ પર આધારિત છે.
- APY હેઠળ, બાંયધરીકૃત લઘુત્તમ પેન્શન રૂ. 1,000/- અથવા 2,000/- અથવા 3,000/- અથવા 4,000 અથવા 5,000/- દર મહિને સબ્સ્ક્રાઇબર્સના યોગદાનના આધારે 60 વર્ષમાં આપવામાં આવશે.
- APY એ સ્વાવલંબન યોજનાનું સ્થાન લીધું.
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\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 32, "si": 1, "text": "ડૉ. ડી.એસ. અથવાલ ને ભારતમાં \"__________ ક્રાંતિના પિતા\" તરીકે ઓળખવામાં આવતા હતા.", "comp": "", "opts": ["તેલીબિયાં", "ચોખા", "બાજરી", "ઘઉં"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ ઘઉં છે.

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Key Points

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ડૉ. ડી.એસ. અથવાલ એ 1966 માં \"PV 18\" અને 1967 માં સૌથી પ્રખ્યાત પીળાશ પડતા ઘઉંની જાત \"કલ્યાણસોના\" બનાવવામાં મહત્વનો ભાગ ભજવ્યો હતો.
કલ્યાણસોના નું નામ પંજાબના \"કલ્યાણપુર\" ગામ પરથી રાખવામાં આવ્યું હતું, જ્યાં અથવાલનો 1928 માં જન્મ થયો હતો.
દિલબાગ સિંહ અથવાલ એક કૃષિ વૈજ્ઞાનિક છે જેમને ઘણીવાર \"ઘઉં ક્રાંતિના પિતા\" તરીકે ઓળખવામાં આવે છે.
તેઓ 1967 માં આંતરરાષ્ટ્રીય ચોખા સંશોધન સંસ્થાની મેનેજમેન્ટ ટીમના સભ્ય બન્યા અને છેવટે પ્રથમ નાયબ નિયામક જનરલનું પદ સંભાળ્યું.

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Additional Information

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એમ.એસ. સ્વામીનાથન, પ્રખ્યાત કૃષિ વૈજ્ઞાનિક, ને \"લીલી ક્રાંતિના પિતા\" તરીકે ઓળખવામાં આવે છે.
ભારતમાં કેટલીક મહત્વપૂર્ણ ક્રાંતિઓ:

ક્રાંતિ	સંબંધિત
લીલી ક્રાંતિ	કૃષિ
ગ્રે ક્રાંતિ	ખાતર
કાળી ક્રાંતિ	પેટ્રોલિયમ
ભૂરી ક્રાંતિ	ચામડું, કોકો
વાદળી ક્રાંતિ	માછલી
ચાંદી ક્રાંતિ	ઈંડા
\n\t\t\t સોનેરી ક્રાંતિ \n\t\t\t	બાગાયતી અને મધ
સોનેરી તંતુ ક્રાંતિ	જુટ
લાલ ક્રાંતિ	માંસ અને ટામેટા
પીળી ક્રાંતિ	\n\t\t\t તેલીબિયાં (સરસવ અને સૂર્યમુખી) \n\t\t\t
ગુલાબી ક્રાંતિ	ડુંગળી, પ્રોન
તંતુ ક્રાંતિ	કાપડ

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 33, "si": 1, "text": "

Which of the following can be considered as an example of flow variable?

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(i) Production of rice

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(ii) Import of cloth

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(iii) Change in capital

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["None of (i), (ii) and (iii)", "Only (iii)", "All of (i), (ii) and (iii)", "Only (i) and (ii)"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is All of (i), (ii) and (iii).Key Points

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A flow is a quantity that is measured with reference to a period of time.
Thus, flows are defined with reference to a specific period (length of time).
National income is a flow.
It describes and measures flow of goods and services which become available to a country during a year.
Example of flow variable are Production of rice, Import of cloth and Change in capital.

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Additional Information Stock Variable

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Stocks are defined at a particular point in time.\n\n\t
- So, Wealth is a stock variable as it can be measured at a particular time.
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A flow shows change during a period of time whereas a stock indicates the quantity of a variable at a point of time.
Wealth is a stock since it can be measured at a point of time.
Income is a flow because it can be measured over a period of time.
Salary and change in wealth is a flow because it can be measured over a period of time.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 34, "si": 1, "text": "છાઉ લોકનૃત્યની મુખ્ય કેટલી શૈલીઓ અસ્તિત્વમાં છે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["7", "3", "9", "5"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

સાચો ઉત્તર છે, 3.

Key Points\n\n

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ચૌ અથવા છાઉ એ સૈન્ય, આદિવાસી અને ઓરિસ્સા, ઝારખંડ અને પશ્ચિમ બંગાળના લોક મૂળ સાથેનું અર્ધ-શાસ્ત્રીય ભારતીય નૃત્ય છે.
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આ નૃત્ય સ્વરૂપના ત્રણ પેટા પ્રકારો છે:
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- પુરુલિયા છાઉ - પશ્ચિમ બંગાળ
- મયુરબંજ છાઉ - ઓડિશા
- સેરાઈકેલા છાઈ - ઝારખંડ
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છાઉ નૃત્ય એ ભારતમાં આદિવાસી નૃત્યનું એક લોકપ્રિય સ્વરૂપ છે જે તેની હિલચાલમાં યુદ્ધકળાના ઘટકોને સમાવિષ્ટ કરે છે.
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ત્રણેય વચ્ચેના તફાવતો તેમના મૂળ પ્રદેશો પર આધારિત છે.
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આ નૃત્ય પશ્ચિમ બંગાળના પુરુલિયા જિલ્લામાં ઉદ્દભવે છે અને યુદ્ધકળા અને લડાયક પ્રશિક્ષણમાંથી પ્રેરણા મેળવે છે.
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નૃત્યનું આ સ્વરૂપ પ્રેક્ષકોને વાર્તાઓ દર્શાવવાનું એક માધ્યમ છે, તેથી જ પ્રદર્શન દરમિયાન યુદ્ધ અને યુદ્ધ સાથે સંકળાયેલા વિસ્તૃત માસ્ક અને શીર્ષ-શૃંગાર પહેરવામાં આવે છે.
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તે મહાભારત અને રામાયણ, સ્થાનિક લોકકથાઓ અને અમૂર્ત વિષયો સહિત મહાકાવ્યોના ગદ્યાન્શને રજૂ કરે છે.
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એક સદીથી વધુ જૂના, આ નૃત્ય સ્વરૂપને રાજવી પરિવારોના આશ્રયદાતાઓ, સમૃદ્ધ જમીનદારો અને પ્રદેશના બ્રિટિશ ગવર્નરો દ્વારા વ્યાપકપણે સમર્થન આપવામાં આવ્યું હતું.
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આ પ્રદર્શન મુખ્યત્વે ગજન ઉત્સવ દરમિયાન મૂકવામાં આવે છે, જે ભગવાન શિવને માન આપવા માટે થાય છે.
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Additional Information
\n \n

\n\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n

\n\t\t\t ભારતમાં શાસ્ત્રીય નૃત્યોની સૂચિ \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t મૂળ રાજ્ય \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t ભરતનાટ્યમ \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t તમિલનાડુ \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t કથક \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t ઉત્તર પ્રદેશ \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t કુચીપુડી \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t આંધ્ર પ્રદેશ \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t ઓડિસી \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t ઓડિશા \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t કથકલી \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t કેરળ \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t સત્રિયા \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t આસામ \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t મણિપુરી \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t મણિપુર \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t મોહિનીઅટ્ટમ \n\t\t\t	\n\t\t\t કેરળ \n\t\t\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 35, "si": 1, "text": "Which of the following countries will host the BWF para badminton championship in 2023? ", "comp": "", "opts": ["China", "India", "Thailand", "Indonesia"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is Thailand.

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Key Points

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The BWF Para Badminton Championship 2023 held in Pattaya, Thailand.
It was organized from 9th May 2023 to 14th May 2023.
This was the 14th edition of the BWF Para Badminton Championship.
India's parathletes have won 16 medals total, four of which are gold.
Gold medals were won by Pramod Bhagat, Suhas in singles and Krishna Nagar-Shivraj, and Pramod Bhagat-Sukant Kadam in doubles.
Silver was won by Nityasre, Tulsimathi, and Sukant Kadam in singles, and by Nityasre and Rachana Patel in doubles.

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Additional Information

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The BWF hosts the Para-Badminton World Championships, a separate biannual competition.
Five divisions and six sport classes are used to fight for the top para-badminton players.
In June 2011, the Para Badminton World Federation (PBWF) opted to merge with the BWF, and therefore the championships were conducted under its management.
The BWF Para Badminton Championship's 13th edition took place in Tokyo, Japan, from November 1–6, 2022.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 36, "si": 1, "text": "સાયમન કમિશન સામેના વિરોધ દરમિયાન નીચે આપેલા સ્વતંત્રતા સેનાનીઓમાંથી કોણે પોતાનો જીવ ગુમાવ્યો હતો જ્યાં કમિશનમાં કાળા ધ્વજ લહેરાવવામાં આવ્યા હતા?", "comp": "", "opts": ["લાલા લજપત રાય", "ચિત્તરંજન દાસ", "સચિન્દ્ર નાથ સાન્યાલ", "સુરેન્દ્રનાથ બેનર્જી"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ લાલા લજપત રાય છે. Key Points

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લાલા લજપત રાય:

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લાલા લજપત રાયે રાષ્ટ્રને સ્વતંત્રતા અપાવવામાં અમૂલ્ય યોગદાન આપ્યું હતું.
આ ઉપરાંત, મહાન સ્વાતંત્ર્ય સેનાની અને નેતા, લાલા લજપત રાય પણ જાણીતા લેખક હતા.
સાયમન કમિશનના આગમનનો વિરોધ કરી રહેલા કાર્યકરો પર પોલીસે લાઠીચાર્જ કર્યા બાદ તેમનું મૃત્યુ થયું હતું.
30 ઓક્ટોબર, 1928 ના રોજ, લાહોરમાં સાયમન કમિશનના સભ્યોના આગમનનો બહિષ્કાર કરવા માટે, લાજપત રાયની આગેવાની હેઠળ એક શાંતિપૂર્ણ સરઘસ કાઢવામાં આવ્યું હતું.
કૂચને અટકાવતા, પોલીસ અધિક્ષક, સ્કોટે તેમના પોલીસ દળને 'કાર્યકર્તાઓ પર લાઠીચાર્જ કરવાનો આદેશ આપ્યો.
લાલા લજપત રાયના મૃત્યુનો બદલો લેવા માટે ભગતસિંહ અને તેમના સાથીઓએ સ્કોટની હત્યાનું કાવતરું ઘડ્યું હતું.
પરંતુ, ક્રાંતિકારીઓએ, સ્કોટ તરીકે મદદનીશ પોલીસ અધિક્ષક જે.પી. સોન્ડર્સને ભૂલથી તેની જગ્યાએ મારી નાખ્યા.
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Additional Information
\nચિત્તરંજન દાસ

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તેમનો જન્મ 5મી નવેમ્બર 1869ના રોજ ઢાકા, બાંગ્લાદેશમાં થયો હતો.
તેઓ લોકપ્રિય રીતે દેશબંધુ એટલે કે દેશના મિત્ર તરીકે ઓળખાતા હતા.
તેઓ બ્રિટિશ શાસન હેઠળ બંગાળમાં સ્વરાજ (સ્વતંત્ર) પક્ષના ભારતીય રાજકારણી અને નેતા હતા.
તેઓ 1919-1922 ના અસહકાર ચળવળ દરમિયાન બંગાળમાં અગ્રણી વ્યક્તિ હતા.
તેમણે બ્રિટિશ કપડાં પર પ્રતિબંધની શરૂઆત કરી, પોતાના યુરોપિયન કપડાંને બાળીને અને ખાદીના કપડાં પહેરીને એક ઉદાહરણ સ્થાપિત કર્યું.
તેણે આલીપોર બોમ્બ કેસમાં અરવિંદો ઘોષનો સફળતાપૂર્વક બચાવ કર્યો.
તેમણે બ્રિટિશ રાજ સામે લડવા માટે 'ફોરવર્ડ' નામનું અખબાર બહાર પાડ્યું અને બાદમાં તેનું નામ બદલીને 'લિબર્ટી' રાખ્યું.

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સચિન્દ્ર નાથ સાન્યાલ

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સુભાષ ચંદ્ર બોઝ જાપાન ભાગી ગયા પછી સન્યાલને ભારતના ક્રાંતિકારી ચળવળના સૌથી વરિષ્ઠ નેતા ગણવામાં આવતા હતા.
કાકોરી કાવતરામાં સામેલ થવા બદલ સાન્યાલને જેલમાં પણ મોકલવામાં આવ્યો હતો પરંતુ બાદમાં તેને છોડી દેવામાં આવ્યો હતો.
સચિન્દ્ર નાથ ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ અને ભગત સિંહ જેવા ક્રાંતિકારીઓ માટે પણ માર્ગદર્શક હતા.
તેને જેલમાં ક્ષય રોગ થયો હતો અને તેના અંતિમ મહિનાઓ માટે ગોરખપુર જેલમાં મોકલવામાં આવ્યો હતો.
7 ફેબ્રુઆરી 1942ના રોજ તેમનું અવસાન થયું.

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સુરેન્દ્રનાથ બેનર્જી

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સર સુરેન્દ્રનાથ બેનર્જી બ્રિટિશ શાસન દરમિયાન રાષ્ટ્રગુરુ તરીકે ઓળખાતા ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રવાદી નેતા હતા.
તેમણે ઇન્ડિયન નેશનલ એસોસિએશન નામના રાષ્ટ્રવાદી સંગઠનની સ્થાપના કરી અને ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રીય કોંગ્રેસના સ્થાપક સભ્યોમાંના એક હતા.
સુરેન્દ્રનાથે કોંગ્રેસથી વિપરીત મોન્ટેગુ-ચેમ્સફોર્ડ રિફોર્મ્સને ટેકો આપ્યો હતો અને ઘણા ઉદારવાદી નેતાઓ સાથે તેમણે કોંગ્રેસ છોડી દીધી હતી અને 1919માં ઈન્ડિયન નેશનલ લિબરેશન ફેડરેશન નામની નવી સંસ્થાની સ્થાપના કરી હતી.
સુરેન્દ્રનાથ બેનર્જીનો જન્મ બંગાળ પ્રાંતમાં કલકત્તામાં એક રાઢી કુલીન બ્રાહ્મણ પરિવારમાં થયો હતો, જે સૂચવે છે કે પરિવારની પૂર્વજોની બેઠક હાલના પશ્ચિમ બંગાળના રાહ પ્રદેશમાં હતી.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 37, "si": 1, "text": "

Select the correct option about Kwashiorkor.

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Statement A: It is a form of malnutrition caused by a lack of fat in the diet.

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Statement B: Children who develop Kwashiorkor may not grow or develop properly and may remain stunted for the rest of their lives.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Only statement B is correct", "Both statements A and B are correct", "Both statements A and B are incorrect", "Only statement A is correct"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is Option 1) Only statement B is correct.

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Key Points

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Lack of protein in the diet causes Kwashiorkor, so the statement A is incorrect .
Protein is found in every cell of the human body
Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition that is most prevalent in children, resulting primarily from protein deficiency.
Children who develop Kwashiorkor may not grow or develop properly and may remain stunted for the rest of their lives, so statement B is correct.
This condition, also referred to as "edematous malnutrition," is often characterized by swelling in different parts of the body, such as the ankles, feet, and belly, giving the patient a thin appearance.
This disease is more common in rural areas, particularly in the sub-Saharan regions.
Areas that have experienced famine or have a limited supply of food are more susceptible to Kwashiorkor.
Furthermore, regions where the knowledge of a proper and balanced diet is lacking also see a high number of Kwashiorkor cases.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 38, "si": 1, "text": "In Which year did John Newlands propound the 'Law of Octaves' an innovative concept proposing the periodicity of chemical elements arranged in the order of atomic weight?", "comp": "", "opts": ["1861", "1863", "1865", "1867"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 1865.

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Key Points

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The 'Law of Octaves' was propounded by the English chemist J.A.R. Newlands in 1865.
The 'Law of Octaves'states that if the chemical elements are arranged according to increasing atomic weight, those with similar physical and chemical properties occur after each interval of seven elements.
J.A.R. Newlands was the first to disclose a periodic pattern in the properties of the elements and anticipated later developments of the periodic law.

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Additional Information

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There were the following limitations of the Newland's Law of Octaves

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It was found that the Law of Octaves was applicable only up to calcium, as after calcium every eighth element did not possess properties similar to that of the first.
It was assumed by Newlands that only 56 elements existed in nature and no more elements would be discovered in the future. But, later on, several new elements were discovered, whose properties did not fit into the Law of Octaves.
After the discovery of the Noble gases, the Law of Octaves became irrelevant. Thus, Newlands’ Law of Octaves worked well with lighter elements only.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 39, "si": 1, "text": "ભારતીય બંધારણનો કયો ભાગ મૂળભૂત અધિકારો સાથે સંબંધિત છે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["ભાગ IX", "ભાગ VI", "ભાગ XI", "ભાગ III"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ ભાગ III છે.

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Key Points

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મૂળભૂત અધિકારો બંધારણના ભાગ 3માં આવે છે, આ મૂળભૂત અધિકારો અનુચ્છેદ 12-35 (અનુચ્છેદ 31 સિવાય)માં આવરી લેવામાં આવ્યા છે.
મૂળભૂત અધિકારોના ઉલ્લંઘનના કિસ્સામાં, ભારતના નાગરિક SC (સુપ્રીમ કોર્ટ) અથવા HC (હાઈ કોર્ટ)માં જઈ શકે છે.
મૂળભૂત અધિકારોની વિશેષતા યુએસએ (યુનાઇટેડ સ્ટેટ્સ ઓફ અમેરિકા) ના બંધારણમાંથી લેવામાં આવી હતી.
મૂળભૂત અધિકારોના ઉલ્લંઘનના કિસ્સામાં, ભારતના કોઈપણ નાગરિક સુપ્રીમ કોર્ટ અથવા હાઈ કોર્ટમાં જઈ શકે છે.
બંધારણ દ્વારા તેના નાગરિકોને 6 મૂળભૂત અધિકારો આપવામાં આવ્યા છે.

\n\n

સમાનતાનો અધિકાર (અનુચ્છેદ 14-18)
સ્વતંત્રતાનો અધિકાર (અનુચ્છેદ 19-22)
શોષણ વિરુદ્ધ અધિકાર (અનુચ્છેદ 23-24)
ધર્મની સ્વતંત્રતાનો અધિકાર (અનુચ્છેદ 25-28)
સાંસ્કૃતિક અને શૈક્ષણિક અધિકારો (અનુચ્છેદ 29-30)
બંધારણીય ઉપાયોનો અધિકાર (અનુચ્છેદ 32)

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Additional Information

ભાગ	વર્ણન
I	સંઘ અને તેનો પ્રદેશ
II	નાગરિકતા
III	મૂળભૂત અધિકારો
IV	રાજ્યની નીતિના નિર્દેશક સિદ્ધાંતો
IVA	મૂળભૂત ફરજો
V	સંઘ
	- પ્રકરણ I: કારોબારી

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 40, "si": 1, "text": "FTX ક્રિપ્ટો કપ નીચેનામાંથી કઈ રમતગમત સાથે સંકળાયેલ છે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["સ્નૂકર", "ચેસ", "બિલિયર્ડ્સ", "ગોલ્ફ"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ ચેસ છે.

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Key Points

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FTX ક્રિપ્ટો કપ:

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વિશ્વની પ્રથમ બિટકોઈન ચેસ ટુર્નામેન્ટ
FTX ક્રિપ્ટો કપ મેગ્નસ કાર્લસન અને તેના નવા વર્લ્ડ ટાઇટલ ચેલેન્જર વચ્ચેની પ્રથમ ચિંતિત મેચનું વચન આપે છે.
તે એક ઓનલાઈન ચેસ પ્રતયોગીતા છે
તે વિશ્વના કેટલાક ટોચના ચેસ ખેલાડીઓને આકર્ષે છે, ચેસ સમુદાયમાં તેના વૈશ્વિક મહત્વમાં ફાળો આપે છે.

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Additional Information

રમતગમત	ટ્રોફી
સોકર/ફૂટબોલ	ફિફા વર્લ્ડ કપ
ટેનિસ	વિમ્બલ્ડન (ધ ચેમ્પિયનશિપ્સ)
ગોલ્ફ	માસ્ટર્સ
ક્રિકેટ	ICC ક્રિકેટ વર્લ્ડ કપ
અમેરિકન ફૂટબોલ	વિન્સ લોમ્બાર્ડી ટ્રોફી
બેઝબોલ	કમિશનરની ટ્રોફી (MLB વર્લ્ડ સિરીઝ)
બાસ્કેટબોલ	લેરી ઓ'બ્રાયન ચેમ્પિયનશિપ ટ્રોફી (NBA)
રગ્બી	વેબ એલિસ કપ
ઓટો રેસિંગ	બોર્ગ-વોર્નર ટ્રોફી (ઇન્ડિયાનાપોલિસ 500)

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 41, "si": 1, "text": "Who among the following won the Padma award for the year 2023 for his efforts of reviving the traditional art of making Etikoppaka toys by adoption of eco-friendly technologies? ", "comp": "", "opts": ["Victor Banerjee ", "Devendra Jhajharia", "Radheyshyam Khemka", "CV Raju"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is CV Raju.

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Key Points

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C.V. Raju is well-known for reviving the traditional art of making Etikoppaka toys by adopting eco-friendly technologies.
Etikoppaka toys are made with soft wood and natural colours.
Raju was among 106 Padma Shri awardees announced by the Indian government for the year 2023.
Mr. Raju is among the seven persons from Andhra Pradesh who have been selected for the Padma awards announced by the Union Home Ministry.
An agriculturist-turned-craftsman, Mr. Raju has his origins in Etikoppaka, a traditional craftsman village in Visakhapatnam district in coastal Andhra Pradesh

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Additional Information Victor Banerjee :

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Victor Banerjee is an Indian actor who appears in English, Hindi, Bengali and Assamese language films.

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Devendra Jhajharia:

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Two-time Paralympics gold medalist in javelin.Padam Shree .
The first Indian to clinch two gold medals at the Paralympics after he broke his own world record to clinch the top honors at the Rio Games .

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Radheyshyam Khemka:

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Radheshyam Khemka, the President of Gita Press in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, passed away on 4 April 2021.
Khemka was also the editor of Kalyan, a famous magazine of Sanatan Dharma for nearly 40 years.
He was the one, who took Sanatan literature to the masses.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 42, "si": 1, "text": "The finance commission of India is required to make recommendations to the __________.", "comp": "", "opts": ["President of India", "Ministry of Finance", "Parliament", "Central Cabinet"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is President of India.Key Points

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The Finance Commissions are commissions periodically constituted by the President of India under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution to define the financial relations between the central government of India and the individual state governments.\n\n\t
- Its core responsibility is to:\n\n\t\t
  - Evaluate the state of finances of the Union and State Governments
  - Recommend the sharing of taxes between them
  - Lay down the principles determining the distribution of these taxes among States.
  \n\t\t
\n\t
The Finance Commission is required to make recommendations to the President of India.

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Additional Information

\n\n

Functions of the Finance Commission:\n\n\t
- The distribution of the net proceeds of taxes to be shared between the Centre and the states, and the allocation between the states of the respective shares of such proceeds.
- The principles that should govern the grants-in-aid to the states by the Centre (i.e. out of the consolidated fund of India).
- The measures needed to augment the consolidated fund of a state to supplement the resources of the panchayats and the municipalities in the state on the basis of the recommendations made by the state finance commission.
- Any other matter referred to it by the president in the interests of sound finance.
\n\t
Composition of the Finance commission:\n\t
- The Finance Commission consists of a chairman and four other members to be appointed by the President.
- They hold office for five years as specified by the president in his order. They are eligible for reappointment.
- The Constitution authorise the Parliament to determine the qualifications of members of the commission and the manner in which they should be selected.
- Accordingly, the Parliament has specified the qualifications of the chairman and members of the commission.\n\t\t
  - The chairman should be a person having experience in public affairs.
  - The four other members should be selected from amongst the following:\n\t\t\t
    - A judge of a high court or one qualified to be appointed as one.
    - A person who has specialized knowledge of finance and accounts of the government.
    - A person who has wide experience in financial matters and in administration.
    - A person who has special knowledge of economics.
    \n\t\t\t
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 43, "si": 1, "text": "જ્યારે બેક્ટેરિયાના કોષ આવરણમાં ગ્લાયકોકેલિક્સ છૂટા છવાયા આવરણ જેવો હોય છે ત્યારે તેને શું કહેવાય છે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["મિસોડર્મ", "કેપ્સ્યુલ", "સ્લાઇમ લેયર", "ઓર્ગેનેલ"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ સ્લાઇમ લેયર છે.

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Key Points

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ગ્લાયકોકેલિક્સ:\n\n\t
- તે ઘણા બેક્ટેરિયા, ઉપકલા કોષો અથવા અન્ય કોષોના કોષ પટલને આવરી લેતી સપાટીનું સ્તર છે.
- તે પ્રોટીઓગ્લાયકેન્સ, ગ્લાયકોપ્રોટીન અને ગ્લાયકોલિપિડથી બનેલું છે.
- ગ્લાયકોકેલિક્સ એ એક ચીકણું પોલિસેકેરાઇડ અથવા પોલિપેપ્ટાઇડ સ્લાઇમ છે જે સૂક્ષ્મજીવોને આવરી લે છે.
- તે સપાટીઓ પર વળગી રહેવામાં મદદ કરે છે. સફેદ રક્ત કોષો દ્વારા ફેગોસાઇટિક ગળી જવાનો પ્રતિકાર કરે છે.
- તે એન્ટિબાયોટિક્સને સૂક્ષ્મજીવોનો સંપર્ક કરતા અટકાવે છે.
\n\t
કાર્યો:\n\t
- તે કોષને નિર્જલીકરણથી બચાવે છે (કેપ્સ્યુલ).
- તે બેક્ટેરિયલ કોષને રોગપ્રતિકારક શક્તિના સફેદ રક્ત કોષો દ્વારા ગળી જવા અને નાશ થવાથી બચાવે છે (કેપ્સ્યુલ).
- ગ્લાયકોકેલિક્સ બેક્ટેરિયલ કોષને એક ચીકણો સ્વભાવ આપે છે જે તેને સપાટીઓ સાથે જોડાવામાં સક્ષમ બનાવે છે.
- ગ્લાયકોકેલિક્સ બેક્ટેરિયલ કોષોને એકબીજા સાથે વળગી રહેવામાં પણ મદદ કરે છે. આ એક બેક્ટેરિયલ એકત્રીકરણ બનાવે છે જે રોગપ્રતિકારક કોષો દ્વારા ગળી શકાતું નથી.
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\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 44, "si": 1, "text": "Aditi Mangal Das was conferred the Mahari Award for dance in 2022 for which of the following dance forms?", "comp": "", "opts": ["Kathak", "Odissi", "Manipuri", "Bharatanatyam"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is Kathak.

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Key Points

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Kathak dancer and choreographer Aditi Mangaldas was born in 1960.
She is renowned for her repertoire in both classical Kathak and "contemporary dance based on kathak."
Mangaldas is regarded as one of the best Kathak dancers in the world, both in India and outside.
She has won numerous awards for her notable contributions in Kathak including the National Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 2013.

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Additional Information

\n\n

Kathak:

\n\n

The well-known ancient Indian classical dance known as Kathak is said to have originated with the nomadic storytellers from North India known as Kathakars.
These Kathakars traveled and told tales using songs, dances, and music that were reminiscent of classical Greek theatre.
The foundations of Kathak are rooted in Natya Shastra, an ancient Sanskrit text written by Bharata Muni.
The three chief sections of a Kathak dance are:\n\t
- Invocation: The act of an artist offering a prayer or salutation to God and their guru is known as an invocation.\n\t\t
  - Hindu performers employ mudras, or hand gestures, to convey the same message.
  - On Muslim holidays, the artist presents a "salami."
  \n\t\t
- Nritta: The artist's portrayal of pure dancing.\n\t\t
  - He or she begins by moving the neck, wrists, and eyebrows slowly and elegantly.
  - The quick sequences according to "bols" come next. A bol is a brief rhythmic pattern sequence. Here, the artist also demonstrates lively footwork.
  \n\t\t
- Nritya: In this piece, the performer uses facial expressions, slow body motions, and vocal and instrumental music to tell a tale or explore a theme.
\n\t
8 important Classical Dance forms of India:

Dance forms	States related	Famous Dancers
1. Bharatnatyam	Tamil Nadu	Rukmini Devi, Padma Subrahmanyam, Vyjayanthimala, Sheema Kermani, Padmini.
2. Kathak	Uttar Pradesh	Birju Maharaj, Nahid Siddiqui, Lacchu Maharaj, Gopi Krishna, Saswati Sen, Manjari Chaturvedi
3. Mohiniyattam	Kerala	Kalamandalam Kalyanikutty Amma, Shobhana, Sunanda Nair, Kalamandalam Radhika, Thankamani, Kalamandalam Hymavathy
4. Kathakali	Kerala	Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair
5. Kuchipudi	Andhra Pradesh	Mallika Sarabhai, V. Satyanarayana Sarma, Deepa Shashindran
6. Odissi	Odisha	Sujata Mohapatra, Madhavi Mudgal, Kelucharan Mohapatra, Surendra Nath Jena, Shobana Sahajananan, Minati Mishra
\n\t\t\t 7. Sattriya \n\t\t\t	Assam	Guru Jatin Goswami, Guru Ghanakanta Bora, Bhabananda Barbayan, Late Moniram Dutta, Late Dr. Maheswar Neog Dr Bhupen Hazarika, Sharodi Saikia, Indira PP Bora, Anwesha Mahanta
8. Manipuri dance or Jagoi	Manipur	Guru Bipin Singh, Darshana Jhaveri, Jhaveri Sisters, Devjani Chaliha, Amala Shankar

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 45, "si": 1, "text": "The North-South corridor links which of the two major cities? ", "comp": "", "opts": ["Leh and Vishakhapatnam ", "Leh and Kanyakumari", "Srinagar and Vishakhapatnam", "Srinagar and Kanyakumari"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is Srinagar and Kanyakumari.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The North-South Corridor is one of the key components of the National Highways Development Project (NHDP).
It involves the development of a high-quality road network that connects the northern and southern parts of India.
The corridor typically starts from Srinagar in the north and extends down to Kanyakumari in the south.
The primary objective of the North-South Corridor is to enhance connectivity, reduce travel time, and facilitate the smooth movement of goods and people between different regions.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

The East-West Corridor is a part of NHDP Phase-II. It involves the development of a high-quality road network connecting the eastern and western regions of India.\n\n\t
- The corridor typically spans from Porbandar in Gujarat on the western coast to Silchar in Assam on the eastern border.
\n\t
The Golden Quadrilateral (GQ) is a significant highway network in India and one of the key components of the National Highways Development Project (NHDP). \n\t
- The primary objective of the Golden Quadrilateral project is to create a high-quality road network linking the four major metropolitan cities of India, forming a quadrilateral shape.
- The cities included in the quadrilateral are Delhi (North), Mumbai (West), Chennai (South), and Kolkata (East).
- The first phase, covering the main routes connecting the four cities, was initiated in 2001.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 46, "si": 1, "text": "ભારત છોડો આંદોલન દરમિયાન નીચેનામાંથી કોણે પ્રખ્યાત 'કરો યા મરો' નું સૂત્ર આપ્યું?", "comp": "", "opts": ["અબુલ કલામ આઝાદ", "જવાહરલાલ નેહરુ", "સુभाष ચંદ્ર બોઝ", "મહાત્મા ગાંધી"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ મહાત્મા ગાંધી છે.

\n\n

મુખ્ય મુદ્દાઓ

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મહાત્મા ગાંધીએ ભારત છોડો આંદોલન દરમિયાન પ્રખ્યાત 'કરો યા મરો' નું સૂત્ર આપ્યું.
ભારત છોડો આંદોલન એ ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રીય કોંગ્રેસ દ્વારા 8 ઓગસ્ટ, 1942 ના રોજ શરૂ કરાયેલ એક મહત્વપૂર્ણ આંદોલન હતું, જેમાં ભારતમાં બ્રિટિશ શાસનનો અંત લાવવાની માંગ કરવામાં આવી હતી.
'કરો યા મરો' સૂત્રે આઝાદી મેળવવા માટે ભારતીય લોકોની તાત્કાલિકતા અને નિશ્ચય પર ભાર મૂક્યો હતો.
ગાંધીજીને આપણા રાષ્ટ્રપિતા તરીકે ઓળખવામાં આવે છે.
તેઓ 9 જાન્યુઆરી 1915 ના રોજ દક્ષિણ આફ્રિકાથી ભારત પરત ફર્યા અને તેને પ્રવાસી ભારતીય દિવસ (NRI દિવસ) તરીકે ઉજવ્યો.
ગાંધીજીનો પ્રથમ સત્યાગ્રહ ચંપારણ સત્યાગ્રહ (1917) છે, જેને પ્રથમ નાગરિક અસહકાર આંદોલન તરીકે પણ ઓળખવામાં આવે છે.
ગાંધીજીની પ્રથમ ભૂખ હડતાલ અમદાવાદ મિલ હડતાલ (1918) છે.
ગાંધીજીનું પ્રથમ અસહકાર આંદોલન ખેડા સત્યાગ્રહ (1918) છે.
તેઓ બેલગામ (1924) માં INC સત્રના પ્રમુખ હતા.
1931 માં, ગાંધીજીએ લંડનમાં બીજી ગોળમેજી પરિષદમાં ભાગ લીધો.
30 જાન્યુઆરી 1948 ના રોજ નાથુરામ ગોડસે દ્વારા ગાંધીજીની હત્યા કરવામાં આવી હતી અને તેને 'શહીદ દિવસ' તરીકે મનાવવામાં આવે છે.

\n\n

વધારાની માહિતી

\n\n

અબુલ કલામ આઝાદ\n\t
- તેઓ ભારતના પ્રથમ શિક્ષણ મંત્રી હતા.
- તેમણે જામિયા મિલિયા ઇસ્લામિયા અને IIT ખડગપુર જેવી શૈક્ષણિક સંસ્થાઓની સ્થાપનામાં પણ યોગદાન આપ્યું.
- તેમણે મહિલાઓ માટે શિક્ષણ અને 14 વર્ષ સુધીના બાળકો માટે મફત અને ફરજિયાત પ્રાથમિક શિક્ષણની હિમાયત કરી.
- તેમને 1992 માં મરણોત્તર ભારત રત્નથી સન્માનિત કરવામાં આવ્યા હતા.
\n\t
જવાહરલાલ નેહરુ\n\t
- તેઓ ભારતના પ્રથમ વડાપ્રધાન હતા અને ભારતીય સ્વતંત્રતા ચળવળના સૌથી અગ્રણી નેતાઓમાંના એક હતા.
- જવાહરલાલે સરદાર વલ્લભભાઈ પટેલનું સ્થાન લીધું, જેઓ 1928-1929માં પ્રમુખ હતા.
- તેમના પિતા મોતીલાલ નેહરુ ભારતીય વકીલ, કાર્યકર્તા અને રાજકારણી હતા જેઓ ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રીય કોંગ્રેસના સભ્ય હતા.
- તેઓ બે વખત કોંગ્રેસના પ્રમુખ પણ રહ્યા, 1919-1920 અને 1928-1929.
- તેઓ નેહરુ-ગાંધી પરિવારના વંશજ અને જવાહરલાલ નેહરુના પિતા હતા, જેઓ ભારતના પ્રથમ વડાપ્રધાન હતા.
\n\t
સુभाष ચંદ્ર બોઝ\n\t
- તેમનો જન્મ 23 જાન્યુઆરી 1897 ના રોજ કટક, ઓરિસ્સા વિભાગ, બંગાળ પ્રાંતમાં થયો હતો.
- નેતાજીની જન્મજયંતિ 23 જાન્યુઆરીને 'પરાક્રમ દિવસ' તરીકે ઉજવવામાં આવે છે.
- તેઓ લોકપ્રિય રીતે 'નેતાજી' તરીકે ઓળખાય છે.
- તેમણે 1920 માં ઈંગ્લેન્ડમાં ભારતીય સિવિલ સર્વિસીસ પરીક્ષા પાસ કરી પરંતુ ગાંધીજીના અસહકાર આંદોલનના આહ્વાન પર તેને છોડી દીધી.
- તેઓ 1938 માં હરિપુરા સત્ર અને 1939 માં ત્રિપુરી સત્રમાં પ્રથમ ચૂંટાયેલા INC પ્રમુખ હતા.
- તેમણે 1939 માં ફોરવર્ડ બ્લોક અને કિસાન સભાની સ્થાપના કરી.
- INA નો પ્રથમ વિભાગ સપ્ટેમ્બર 1942 માં જાપાનની મદદથી બનાવવામાં આવ્યો હતો.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 47, "si": 1, "text": "Why do most parts of India receive rainfall from June to September? ", "comp": "", "opts": ["Due to the South-West monsoon", "Due to extremely cold nights in these regions", "Due to high pressure in these months", "Due to the North-east monsoon"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is Due to the South-West monsoon.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The South-west monsoon is the primary rainy season in India, which starts in June and lasts till September.\n\n\t
- This monsoon is caused by the differential heating of land and sea, which results in the formation of low-pressure systems over the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea.
\n\t

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Western Disturbances are low-pressure systems that originate in the Mediterranean region and move towards the Indian subcontinent.\n\n\t
- These disturbances bring rainfall to the north-western parts of India during the winter months, and they also affect the weather conditions in other parts of the country.
\n\t
The North-east is known as the winter monsoon, the northeast monsoon approaches India from the northeast.\n\t
- During this time, rainfall is common throughout the southern region of India, particularly in Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
\n\t
The Retreating Monsoon, also known as the North-East monsoon, brings rainfall to the southern parts of India during October and November.\n\t
- This monsoon is caused by the withdrawal of the south-west monsoon winds and the formation of a low-pressure system over the Bay of Bengal.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 48, "si": 1, "text": "Shivaputra Siddharamayya Komkalimath is the original name of which of the following Indian classical singers?", "comp": "", "opts": ["Pandit Omkarnath Thakur", "Pandit Kumar Gandharva", "Pandit Jasraj", "Pandit Dinkar Kaikini "], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is Pandit Kumar Gandharva.
\nKey Points

\n\n

Shivaputra Siddharamayya Komkalimath is the original name of Pandit Kumar Gandharva, a renowned Indian classical singer.
He was a prominent figure in the Hindustani classical music tradition.
He made significant contributions to the world of music and was known for his unique style and innovations in classical singing.
He received several awards for his outstanding contributions to Indian classical music, including the Padma Bhushan and the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award.
His innovative approach to music and his ability to transcend traditional boundaries left a lasting impact on the world of Indian classical music.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Pandit Omkarnath Thakur was a highly acclaimed Indian classical vocalist and musicologist.\n\n\t
- He made significant contributions to Hindustani classical music and was recognized for his expertise in the Gwalior and Agra gharanas (musical traditions).
\n\t
Pandit Jasraj was a legendary Indian classical vocalist, renowned for his mastery in the classical music traditions of North India, particularly the Mewati gharana.\n\t
- He was one of the foremost classical vocalists of his time and made significant contributions to Hindustani classical music.
\n\t
Pandit Dinkar Kaikini was a North Indian classical singer and composer.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 49, "si": 1, "text": "The national poverty line for 2011-12 was estimated at _________ per capita per month for urban areas of India. ", "comp": "", "opts": ["Rs. 3,000", "Rs. 1,000", "Rs. 2,000", "Rs. 1,500"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is Rs. 1,000.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

According to an International Monetary Fund paper, extreme poverty, defined by the World Bank as living on US$1.9 or less in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
According to the Planning Commission in 2011-12, the national poverty line using Tendulkar methology is Rs 816 per capita per month for rural areas and Rs 1000 per capita per month for urban areas of India.
The current poverty line is 1,059.42 Indian Rupees per month in rural areas and 1,286 Indian rupees per month in urban areas.

\n\n

Additional Information POVERTY MEASUREMENT IN INDIA:

\n\n

Poverty can be defined as a condition in which an individual or household lacks the financial resources to afford a basic minimum standard of living.
India has a long history of studies on measurement of poverty. The erstwhile Planning Commission was the nodal agency in India for estimation of poverty.
Various expert groups constituted by the Planning Commission have estimated the number of people living in poverty in India:\n\t
- Working Group (1962).
- Study by VM Dandekar and N Rath (1971).
- Task Force on “Projections of Minimum Needs and Effective Consumption Demand” headed by Dr. Y. K. Alagh (1979).
- Lakdawala Expert Group (1993): Headed by Professor D.T. Lakdawala.
- Tendulkar Expert Group (2009): It was setup in 2005 and was headed by Suresh Tendulkar.
- Rangrajan Committee (2014): It was set up in 2012 and was headed by Chakravarthi Rangarajan.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 50, "si": 1, "text": "કોસલ મહાજનપદ (ઈ.સ. પૂર્વે 6ઠ્ઠી સદી) આજના કયા ભાગમાં આવેલું છે:", "comp": "", "opts": ["મહારાષ્ટ્ર", "હરિયાણા", "મધ્ય પ્રદેશ", "ઉત્તર પ્રદેશ"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

સાચો જવાબ ઉત્તર પ્રદેશ છે.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

અવધ પ્રદેશ એ કોસલ રાજ્યનું જન્મસ્થળ છે.
ઉત્તર ભારતના ઉત્તર પ્રદેશ રાજ્યમાં અવધ આવેલું છે.
કોસલ પ્રાચીન સમયમાં ઉત્તર ભારતના સૌથી મજબૂત રાજ્યોમાંનું એક હતું.
બુદ્ધે બૌદ્ધ પરંપરા સ્થાપિત કરી. કોસલ રાજ્ય પછી બૌદ્ધ ધર્મ ઘણા રાજ્યોમાં ફેલાવા લાગ્યો.
કોસલ રાજ્યે ઘણા શ્રમણ આંદોલનોને જન્મ આપ્યો અને સ્થાપના કરી.

\n\n

Additional Information 16 મહાજનપદો અને તેમની રાજધાની:

મહાજનપદ	રાજધાની	હાલનું સ્થાન
અંગ	ચંપા	મુંગેર અને ભાગલપુર (બિહાર)
મગધ	ગિરિવ્રજ \| રાજગૃહ	ગયા અને પટના (બિહાર)
કાશી	કાશી	બનારસ (યુપી)
\n\t\t\t વત્સ \n\t\t\t	કૌશામ્બી	અલ્હાબાદ (યુપી)
કોસલ	શ્રાવસ્તી	પૂર્વી ઉત્તર પ્રદેશ
સૌરસેન	મથુરા	પશ્ચિમ ઉત્તર પ્રદેશ
પાંચાલ	અહિચ્છત્ર અને કાંપિલ્ય	પશ્ચિમ ઉત્તર પ્રદેશ
કુરુ	ઇન્દ્રપ્રસ્થ	મેરઠ (યુપી) અને દક્ષિણપૂર્વ હરિયાણા
મત્સ્ય	વિરાટનગર	જયપુર (રાજસ્થાન)
ચેદી	સુક્તિમતી	બુંદેલખંડ પ્રદેશ (મધ્ય પ્રદેશ)
અવંતિ	ઉજ્જૈની અથવા મહિષ્મતી	માળવા (મધ્ય પ્રદેશ)
ગાંધાર	તક્ષશિલા	રાવલપિંડી (પાકિસ્તાન)
કામ્બોજ	પૂંચ	રજોરી અને હજરા (કાશ્મીર)
અશ્મક અથવા અસ્સક	પ્રતિષ્ઠાન/ પૈઠણ	ગોદાવરીનો કાંઠો (આંધ્ર પ્રદેશ)
વજ્જી	વૈશાલી	બિહાર
મલ્લ	કુસીનારા	દેવરિયા અને ઉત્તર પ્રદેશ

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 51, "si": 2, "text": "Anuj and Anup have to travel from a place A to a place B in their respective cars. Anuj is driving at 70 km/h, and takes 3 halts of 10 minutes each, while Anup is driving at 80 km/h, and takes 4 halts of 15 minutes each. The time taken by Anup to reach Place B, if Anuj takes 8.5 hours, is: ", "comp": "", "opts": ["8 hours", "7 hours", "4 hours", "6 hours"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

Total halt time of Anuj = 3 × 10 = 30 minutes = 0.5 hours

\n\n

Actual driving time of Anuj = 8.5 - 0.5 = 8 hours

\n\n

Total distance = 8 × 70 = 560 km.

\n\n

Total halt time of Anup = 4 × 15 = 60minutes = 1 hours

\n\n

The time taken by Anup to reach Place B = 560 / 80 = 7 hours

\n\n

Total time = 7 + 1 = 8 hours.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 52, "si": 2, "text": "

In the given figure, diameter AB and chord CD of a circle meet at P. PT is a tangent to the circle at T. If CD = 8 cm, PD = 10 cm and PB = 8 cm, find AB.

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["14.5 cm", "22.5 cm", "12 cm", "8 cm"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

$\"\"$

\n\n

Let the AB = x

\n\n

PA × PB = PC × PD

\n\n

⇒ (8 + x) × 8 = 18 × 10 ⇒ (8 + x) = 180/8 ⇒ (8 + x) = 22.5 ⇒ x = 22.5 - 8 = 14.5

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 53, "si": 2, "text": "જો sec A + tan A = 3 હોય, તો cos A બરાબર છે:", "comp": "", "opts": ["\$\\frac{4}{3}\$", "\$\\frac{3}{5}\$", "\$\\frac{3}{4}\$", "\$\\frac{5}{3}\$"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

આપેલ:

\n\n

Sec θ + tan θ = 3

\n\n

વપરાયેલ સૂત્ર:

\n\n

Sec2 θ - tan2 θ = 1 or (sec θ - tan θ) × (Sec θ + tan θ) = 1

\n\n

ગણતરીઓ:

\n\n

(sec θ - tan θ) (sec θ + tan θ) = 1

\n\n

sec θ - tan θ = 1/3 ....(1)

\n\n

sec θ + tan θ = 3 ....(2) (given)

\n\n

સમીકરણ (1) અને (2) ઉકેલવા

\n\n

⇒ Sec θ = 10/6 = 5/3

\n\n

⇒ cos θ = 3/5 (cos θ = (1/sec θ)

\n\n

∴ જવાબ 3/5 છે.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 54, "si": 2, "text": "જો x + y = 7 અને xy = 19, તો x² + y²ની કિંમત શોધો.", "comp": "", "opts": ["17", "12", "11", "19"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

(x + y)2 = 72 ⇒ x2 + y2 + 2xy = 49 ⇒ x2 + y2 = 49 - 2 × 19 ⇒ x2 + y2 = 11

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 55, "si": 2, "text": "Which of the following options is NOT a correct trigonometric identity? ", "comp": "", "opts": ["1 + cot2θ ≡ cosec2θ", "1 + tan2θ ≡ sec2θ", "1 - sin2θ ≡ cos2θ", "cos2θ - sin2θ ≡ 1 "], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

cos2θ - sin2θ = cos(2θ)

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 56, "si": 2, "text": "લંબઘનનું ઘનફળ ઘન ના ઘનફળ કરતા બમણું છે. જો લંબઘનના પરિમાણો (8 મીટર × 8 મીટર × 16 મીટર) હોય, તો ઘનનું કુલ સપાટી ક્ષેત્રફળ છે:", "comp": "", "opts": ["316 મીટર2", "288 મીટર2", "324 મીટર2", "384 મીટર2"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

લંબઘનનું ઘનફળ = 8 × 8 × 16 = 1024

\n\n

લંબઘનનું ઘનફળ = 2 × (ધાર)3 ⇒ (ધાર)3 = 1024/2 = 512 સેમી ⇒ ધાર = 8 સેમી

\n\n

ઘનનું કુલ સપાટી ક્ષેત્રફળ = 6 × 64 = 384 સેમી2

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 57, "si": 2, "text": "

Simplify the given expression.

\n\n

(a - 2b) (b - 3a) + (a + b) (a - 3b) - (b - 3a) (4a-5b)

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["8a2 - 10ab", "8a2 + 10ab", "10a2 - 14ab", "10a2 - 4ab"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

(a - 2b) (b - 3a) + (a + b) (a - 3b) - (b - 3a) (4a-5b) = ab - 3a² - 2b² + 6ab + a2 - 3ab + ab - 3b² - 4ab + 5b² + 12a² - 15ab

\n\n

= - 3a2 + a2 + 12a2 - 2b2 - 3b2 + 5b2 + 6ab + ab - 3ab + ab - 4ab - 15ab = 10a2 - 14ab

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 58, "si": 2, "text": "If (a + b + c) = 12, and (ab + bc + ca) = 47, find the value of (a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc). ", "comp": "", "opts": ["24", "36", "48", "42"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = 12 × [(12)² - 3 × 47] ⇒ a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = 12(144 – 141) ⇒ a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = 12(3) ⇒ 36

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 59, "si": 2, "text": "

આપેલ સમીકરણની કિંમત શોધો:

\n\n

10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - {5 - (7 - 7 - 9)}]

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["11", "10", "9", "8"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

આપેલ:

\n\n

10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - {5 - (7 - 7 - 9)}]

\n\n

વપરાયેલ ખ્યાલ:

\n\n

$\"Bodmas$

\n\n

ગણતરી:

\n\n

⇒ 10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - {5 - (7 - 7 - 9)}]

\n\n

⇒ 10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - {5 - (- 9)}]

\n\n

$\Rightarrow$ 10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - {5 + 9)}]

\n\n

$\Rightarrow$ 10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 - [8 - 14]

\n\n

⇒ 10 ÷ 5 × 1 + 3 + 6

\n\n

⇒ 2 × 1 + 3 + 6

\n\n

⇒ 11

\n\n

જવાબ 11 છે

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 60, "si": 2, "text": "What is the value of sec²θ - cot²(90°- θ)? ", "comp": "", "opts": ["2", "1", "-1", "0"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

sec2θ - cot2(90°- θ) ⇒ sec2θ - tan2(θ) ⇒ 1

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 61, "si": 2, "text": "If A and B together can do a piece of work in 20 days, and A alone can do the same work in 30 days, then in how many days can B alone complete the same work?", "comp": "", "opts": ["45", "40", "60", "50"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

A and B together can do a piece of work in 20 days

\n\n

Part of work A and B can do in 1 day = 1/20

\n\n

A alone can do the work in 30 days

\n\n

Part of work A can do in 1 day = 1/30

\n\n

Part of work B alone can do in a day = 1/20 - 1/30 = 1/60

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 62, "si": 2, "text": "A worker completes \$\\frac{3}{5}\$ of a work in 12 days. In how many days will he complete \$\\frac{3}{4}\$ of the work? ", "comp": "", "opts": ["18", "20", "16", "15"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

Time taken by worker to complete 3/5 part of a work = 12 days

\n\n

Time taken by worker to complete whole work = 12 × 5/3 = 20 days

\n\n

Time taken by worker to complete 3/4 part of a work = 15 days

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 63, "si": 2, "text": "The weights (in kg) of five girls of a class are 49, 42, 61, 55 and 58. What is the average weight (in kg) of these five girls?", "comp": "", "opts": ["53", "54", "51", "52"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

(42 + 49 + 61 + 55 + 58) ⇒ 265

\n\n

Average = 265/5 = 53

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 64, "si": 2, "text": "Anand covers a certain distance in the first lag of 5 hours at the speed of 50 km/h. In the second lag, he increased the speed by 20% due to which he covered 20% extra distance than that of the first lag. He covered the third lag at the average speed of the first two lags and covered 10% extra distance than that of the second lag distance. How much total time (in hours) did he take to complete all three lags?", "comp": "", "opts": ["16", "15", "18", "14"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

Distance = 50 × 5 = 250 km

\n\n

Distance = 250 + 250 × 120/100 = 300 km

\n\n

Speed = 50 + 50 × 120/100 = 60 km/hr

\n\n

Time = 300/60 = 5 hours

\n\n

Distance = 300 + 300 × 110/100 = 330 km

\n\n

Speed = (60 + 50)/2 = 55 km/hr

\n\n

Time = 330/55 = 6 hours

\n\n

Total time = 5 + 5 + 6 = 16 hours

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 65, "si": 2, "text": "The monthly income of a person was Rs. 12,000 and his monthly expenditure was Rs. 8,000. Next year, his income increased by 10% and his expenditure by 8%. Find the percentage increase in his savings.", "comp": "", "opts": ["10%", "14%", "12%", "15%"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

Savings before increase = 12000 – 8000 = Rs 4,000

\n\n

Increase in income after a year = 12000 + 10% of 12000 = 12000 + 1200 $\frac{12}{100} \times 12000$ = 12000 + 1200 = Rs 13200

\n\n

Increase in expenditure = 8000 + 8% of 8000 = 8000 + 640 = Rs 8640

\n\n

Savings after increase = 13200 – 8640 = Rs 4560

\n\n

Increase in savings = Rs 4560 – 4000 = Rs 560

\n\n

Savings percentage increase = 560/4000 × 100 $\frac{940}{2000} \times 100 = 47$ % = 14%

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 66, "si": 2, "text": "સાદા વ્યાજે રૂ. 6,400ની રકમ 3 વર્ષમાં રૂ. 8,320 બની જાય છે. સમાન દરે 5 વર્ષમાં રૂ. 7,200માં કેટલા આવશે?", "comp": "", "opts": ["રૂ. 10,200", "રૂ. 10,600", "રૂ. 10,800", "રૂ. 10,400"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

3 વર્ષ માટે વ્યાજ = 8320 - 6400 ⇒ 1920

\n\n

1920 = (6400 × 3 × x)/100 ⇒ 192x = 1920 ⇒ x = 10%

\n\n

S.I = (P × T × R)/100 = (7200 × 5 × 10)/100 ⇒ 3600

\n\n

રકમ = 7200 + 3600 ⇒ 10800

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 67, "si": 2, "text": "

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["10 cm", "8 cm", "15 cm", "12 cm"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

Let PD be x cm, then QD = (18 – x) cm

\n\n

⇒ QE = (18 – x) cm

\n\n

⇒ RE = 13 – (18 – x) = x – 5

\n\n

⇒ RF = (x – 5)

\n\n

⇒ PF = 15 – x + 5 = 20 – x

\n\n

⇒ 20 – x = x ⇒ 2x = 20 ⇒ x = 20/2 ⇒ x = 10 cm

Let us assume the time taken by A and B is 2x and 7x.

\n\n

The difference in the number of days A and B = 45

\n\n

⇒ 7x - 2x = 45 ⇒ x = 45/5 = 9

\n\n

So, Total Work = 9 × 14 = 126 units

\n\n

Work completed by A and B in days = 126/9 = 14 days

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 69, "si": 2, "text": "

Solve the following expression.

\n\n

50 - [20 + (30 - (25 - 5)]

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["10", "30", "20", "40"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

50 - [20 + (30 - (25 - 5)] ⇒ 50 - [20 + (30 - 20)] ⇒ 50 - [20 + 10] ⇒ 50 - 30 ⇒ 20

Let A buy the article for Rs.100x

\n\n

A sold it to B at [100x + (100x × 25%)] = Rs.125x

\n\n

C bought the article for = 100x + 100 × 30/100 = 130x

\n\n

Profit% = (130x – 125x) = 5/125 × 100 = 4%

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 71, "si": 2, "text": "

The following figure shows the percentage growth in units of fans and coolers sold in some years. What is the difference between the averages of the growth rate in coolers and fans?

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["34", "30", "32", "42"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

Calculation

\n\n

The averages of the growth rate in coolers = (60 + 72 + 54 + 45)/4 = 231/4

\n\n

The averages of the growth rate in fans = (27 + 18 + 30 + 20)/4 = 95/4

\n\n

Difference = 231/4 - 95/4 = 136/4 = 34

3300 m = 3.3 km and 45 min = 45/60 = 0.75 hours

\n\n

Speed = 3.3/0.75 = 4.4 km/hr.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 73, "si": 2, "text": "

In the given figure, ΔQPS ≅ ΔSRQ. Find the measure of ∠PSR.

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["64°", "74°", "52°", "82°"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

⇒ 106 = 2x + 12 ⇒ 2x = 94 /2 = 47

\n\n

∠QSR = 180 - 52 - 106 = 22

\n\n

∠PSQ = ∠SQR = 52

\n\n

∠S = 52 + 22 = 74°

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 74, "si": 2, "text": "જો 5%, 10% અને p% નું ક્રમિક ડિસ્કાઉન્ટ 31.6% ના સિંગલ ડિસ્કાઉન્ટની સમકક્ષ હોય, તો p નું મૂલ્ય છે:", "comp": "", "opts": ["15", "25", "20", "30"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

SP = x × 19/20 × 9/10 × (100 - p)/100 = x × 68.4 /100 ⇒ (100 - p)/100 = 0.8

\n\n

⇒ (100 - p) = 80 ⇒ p = 20

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 75, "si": 2, "text": "

કપાસ અને ખાદીના કુલ ઉત્પાદનમાં શું તફાવત છે?

\n\n

નોંધ: નકારાત્મક ચિહ્નને અવગણો, જો કોઈ હોય તો

\n\n

$\"\"$

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["10", "11", "8", "7"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

કપાસનું કુલ ઉત્પાદન = 114 + 120 + 121 = 355

\n\n

ખાદીનું કુલ ઉત્પાદન = 118 + 120 + 125 = 363

\n\n

કપાસ અને ખાદીના કુલ ઉત્પાદન વચ્ચેનો તફાવત = 363 - 355 = 8

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 76, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the given word.

\n\n

Perseverance

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Irresolution", "Obstinacy", "Readiness", "Eloquence"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Irresolution'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Perseverance' is 'Irresolution'.
Perseverance: persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success. (दृढ़ता)\n\t
- Example: His perseverance with the technique illustrates his single-mindedness.
\n\t
Irresolution: hesitancy; uncertainty. (दुबिधा)\n\t
- Example: a moment of irresolution...
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Irresolution.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Obstinacy: the quality or condition of being obstinate; stubbornness. (हठ)
- Readiness: the state of being ready or prepared. [(किसी बात के लिए) तत्‍परता या मुस्‍तैदी]
- Eloquence: fluent or persuasive speaking or writing. (वाक्‌चातुर्य)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 77, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

\n\n

A group of worshippers

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Congregation", "Crowd", "Caravan", "Constellation"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Congregation'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Congregation'.
Congregation: the act of coming together in a crowd or group; a gathering. (एकत्रित होने की क्रिया; सभा, जमाव)\n\t
- Example: the singing of psalms by the whole congregation...
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Congregation.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Crowd: a large number of people in one place. (भीड़, जनसमूह)
- Caravan: a large vehicle that is pulled by a car. You can sleep, cook, etc. in a caravan when you are travelling or on holiday. (कारयुक्त बड़ा वाहन जिसमें आमोद यात्रा के दौरान रहने, सोने, खाना पकाने आदि का प्रबंध होता है; कारवाँ)
- Constellation: a group of stars that forms a pattern and has a name. (तारों का वह समूह जिससे कोई आकार बनता है तथा उसका कोई नाम होता है; तारामंडल, नक्षत्र)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 78, "si": 3, "text": "

Parts of the following sentence have been given as options. Select the option that contains an error.

\n\n

He will return in a hour.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["return", "He will", "hour", "in a"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'in a'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The error in the sentence is in the article used before "hour."
The correct article to use is "an" instead of "a."
The reason for using "an" instead of "a" is based on the rule of using the article "an" before words that begin with a vowel sound.
In this case, although "hour" starts with the consonant 'h', it has a vowel sound (pronounced as "ow-er"), so the correct article to use is "an."
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: He will return in an hour.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 79, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

\n\n

Her sudden arrival has disarranged my plans.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Timing", "Entrance", "Departure", "Appearance"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Departure'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Arrival' is 'Departure'.
Arrival: reaching the place to which you were travelling. [(किसी स्‍थान पर) आगमन, पहुँच]\n\t
- Example: We were told our rooms had not been reserved on our arrival.
\n\t
Departure: leaving or going away from a place. (प्रस्‍थान क्रिया, रवानगी)\n\t
- Example: Passengers should check in at least one hour before departure.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Departure.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Timing: the time when something is planned to happen. (कुछ करने या घटित होने के लिए निर्धारित समय; समय-निर्धारण)
- Entrance: the door, gate, or opening where you go into a place. (प्रवेश द्वार)
- Appearance: the way that somebody/something looks or seems. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु का बाहरी रूप; रूप-रंग)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 80, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A. It superseded India's previous educational strategy, which was created in 1986.

\n\n

B. The Indian union cabinet approved the country's national education strategy on 29 July 2020.

\n\n

C. And it provides a framework for education from the primary grades up to higher education, as well as for vocational training in both urban and rural settings.

\n\n

D. This policy significantly improves India's educational system. Restructuring India's educational system is the primary goal of the National Education Policy 2022.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["DBCA", "ABDC", "BCDA", "BADC"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'BADC'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The logical sequence of the given question is as follows:\n\t
- B. The Indian union cabinet approved the country's national education strategy on 29 July 2020.\n\n\t\t
  - This line introduces the inception of the national education strategy in India, signifying an important event where the strategy was officially sanctioned.
  \n\t\t
- A. It superseded India's previous educational strategy, which was created in 1986.\n\t\t
  - Here, it's explained that the newly approved strategy replaced the old one from 1986, indicating a shift or upgrade in the educational approach taken by the country.
  \n\t\t
- D. This policy significantly improves India's educational system. Restructuring India's educational system is the primary goal of the National Education Policy 2022.\n\t\t
  - This line elaborates on the impact and goal of the new strategy, emphasizing its purpose of reforming and enhancing the educational system in India.
  \n\t\t
- C. And it provides a framework for education from the primary grades up to higher education, as well as for vocational training in both urban and rural settings.\n\t\t
  - Lastly, this sentence outlines the comprehensive nature of the strategy, indicating that it covers education from primary levels through higher education, along with vocational training in diverse settings, thus completing the contextual picture of the national education strategy.
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.
\n\t

\n\n

Important Points

\n\n

Practice is key! Regularly practicing rearranging sentences or paragraphs will improve your ability to discern logical sequences and enhance your overall comprehension skills.
When facing questions that require rearranging sentences or paragraphs to form a coherent sequence, consider the following steps:\n\t
- Read Carefully: Go through each sentence attentively to understand its context, topic, and the information it provides. Note any connecting phrases or words that link sentences together.
- Identify the Logical Flow: Look for clues within the sentences that indicate a sequence. Sentences might introduce a topic, provide details, give examples, or conclude the idea. Pay attention to time markers, cause-and-effect relationships, or other transitional phrases.
- Start with Key Points: Sometimes, certain sentences act as introductory or concluding statements. Begin with sentences that introduce the topic or provide a conclusion, as they often set the context or summarize the content.
- Connect Related Ideas: Identify relationships between sentences. For example, a sentence might explain or support the idea presented in the previous sentence. Look for coherence and progression in the ideas presented.
- Consider Keyword Consistency: Check for keywords or recurring themes that link sentences. These can help establish a logical sequence. Pay attention to pronouns (he, it, they) referring to previously mentioned subjects.
- Evaluate Options: Once you have a tentative sequence, review it to ensure that the ideas flow logically and coherently. Eliminate options that disrupt the logical flow or create inconsistencies.
- Test the Flow: Mentally or visually run through the proposed sequence to verify if it reads smoothly and makes sense. Ensure that there's a clear progression from the beginning to the end.
- Double-Check: Before finalizing your answer, double-check the sequence to confirm that it presents a cohesive and logical progression of ideas.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 81, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate phrasal verb to fill in the blank.

\n\n

Mohan __________ the charge of Centre for Life Skills from Mustafa.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["took out", "took through", "took off", "took over"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'took over'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

In the given sentence, "took over" is the appropriate phrasal verb that denotes assuming control or responsibility from someone else (किसी और से नियंत्रण या जिम्मेदारी लेना), making it the correct choice in this context.
"Took over" means assuming control or responsibility from someone else.
In the context provided, Mohan is assumed to assume the responsibility or control of the Centre for Life Skills from Mustafa.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: Mohan took over the charge of Centre for Life Skills from Mustafa.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other options:\n\t
- took out: This phrasal verb usually means to remove something or to extract (किसी चीज़ को हटाना या निकालना), but it doesn't fit the context of assuming control or responsibility.
- took through: This phrase doesn't commonly exist as a phrasal verb. "Take through" might mean guiding or leading someone through a process, but it doesn’t align with the context provided.
- took off: This phrasal verb typically means to depart quickly or to become successful suddenly (शीघ्र प्रस्थान करना या अचानक सफल होना). It doesn't suit the context of assuming responsibility or control.
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 82, "si": 3, "text": "

Identify the sentence that provides the meaning of the given idiom.

\n\n

Under the cloud

The correct answer is 'The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car.'

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The sentence that provides the meaning of the idiom "under the cloud" is: 2) The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car.
Explanation: The idiom "under the cloud" typically refers to being in a situation of trouble, disgrace, or suspicion. In the provided sentence, the driver being "under suspicion" aligns with the meaning of the idiom, indicating a negative or questionable situation.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: The driver was under suspicion after the police found blood on his car.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Origin: The origin of the idiom "under the cloud" is believed to date back centuries and likely comes from the association of clouds with uncertainty or trouble. Being "under a cloud" signifies being in a shadow or obscured by something negative, much like how a literal cloud can cast a shadow on the ground. Over time, it has been used figuratively to imply being in an unfavorable or problematic situation.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 83, "si": 3, "text": "

Choose the option that can substitute the underlined segment correctly and complete the meaning of the sentence.

\n\n

Bajrang is in extreme pain in his teeth.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Enjoy", "Agony", "Hurt", "Sting"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Agony'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate word to substitute for "pain" in the sentence "Bajrang is in extreme pain in his teeth" would be: Agony
Explanation: While all the options convey a sense of discomfort or physical sensation, "agony" specifically emphasizes an intense and extreme level of pain. In the context of severe tooth pain, "agony" best expresses the level of discomfort Bajrang is experiencing. \n\t
- Example: "Bajrang is in extreme agony due to his toothache."
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Agony.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Enjoy: be happy and elated. (खुश और उत्साहित रहो)
- Hurt: to cause somebody/yourself physical pain or injury. (अपने या किसी को तकलीफ़ देना या चोट पहुँचाना)
- Sting: to make somebody/something feel a sudden, sharp pain. (काटने का-सा एकाएक तीखा दर्द पैदा करना)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 84, "si": 3, "text": "Select the INCORRECTLY spelt word. ", "comp": "", "opts": ["Nocturnal", "Repulcive", "Scoreboard", "Irrespective"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Repulcive'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The incorrectly spelled word is: Repulcive.
Repulsive (घृणित) - Arousing intense disgust or aversion.\n\t
- Example: "The sight of the decaying food was utterly repulsive."
\n\t
Let's look at the meaning of other examples: \n\t
- Nocturnal (निशाचर) - Relating to or occurring during the night.
- Scoreboard (स्कोरबोर्ड) - A large board or electronic display that shows the score in a game or competition.
- Irrespective (चाहे जैसा भी) - Regardless of, without taking into account.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Repulcive.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 85, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the word 'Unsure' from the given sentence.

\n\n

Himanshi is preparing customised gifts and handicrafts for surprising Mehul on his retirement, but the date is not certain yet.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["date", "certain", "customised", "handicrafts"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'certain'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the word 'Unsure' from the given sentence is: 2) certain.
Explanation: "Unsure" means uncertain or having doubts. The word that represents the opposite meaning, or antonym, in this context is "certain," indicating a state of confidence or assurance about something.
In the sentence, it's mentioned that the date for the retirement surprise is uncertain, hence the opposite of uncertain in this context is "certain."
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: certain.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- date: a particular day of the month or year. (महीने या वर्ष का विशेष दिन, तिथि, दिनांक, तारीख़)
- customised: modify (something) to suit a particular individual or task. (स्वनिर्धारित)
- handicrafts: an activity that needs skill with the hands as well as artistic ability, for example sewing. [हस्‍तकौशल तथा कलात्‍मक क्षमता वाली गतिविधि (जैसे सीना-पिरोना); हस्‍तशिल्‍प]
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 86, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

\n\n

He was acquitted of all the charges in the court today.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Conformed", "Discharged", "Praised", "Convicted"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Convicted'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the underlined word 'Acquitted' is 'Convicted'
Acquitted: to state formally that a person is not guilty of a crime. (किसी के निर्दोष होने की विधिवत घोषणा करना)\n\t
- Example: The jury acquitted her of murder.
\n\t
Convicted: to say officially in a court of law that somebody is guilty of a crime. (न्‍यायालय द्वारा अपराधी या दोषी ठहराया जाना)\n\t
- Example: He was convicted of armed robbery and sent to prison.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Convicted.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- Conformed: to obey a rule or law. (नियम या क़ानून का अनुपालन करना; के अनुसार होना; संगत होना)
- Discharged: to send something out (a liquid, gas, etc.) [(द्रव, गैस आदि को) छोड़ना]
- Praised: to say that somebody/something is good and should be admired. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु की प्रशंसा करना, उसे सराहना)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 87, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

\n\n

Her modest behaviour was appreciated by everyone in the assembly.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["distant", "unpresuming", "conceited", "obvious"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'conceited'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate antonym of the underlined word 'modest' is 'conceited'.
Modest: not talking too much about your own abilities, good qualities, etc. [विनम्र, विनीत (अपनी क्षमताओं आदि का बखान न करने वाला)]\n\t
- Example: She got the best results in the exam but she was too modest to tell anyone.
\n\t
Conceited: excessively proud of oneself; vain. (अहंकारी, घमंडी)\n\t
- Example: He’s so conceited—he thinks he’s the best at everything!
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: conceited.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- distant: a long way away in space or time. (स्‍थान या समय की दृष्टि से काफ़ी दूर)
- unpresuming: modest; unassuming. (निःसंदेह)
- obvious: easily seen or understood; clear. (जो आसानी से दिखाई दे या समझ में आए; स्‍पष्‍ट)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 88, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate synonym of the word given in brackets to fill in the blank.

\n\n

She looked ____________ (luminous) in the diamond necklace.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["impudent", "strident", "transcendent", "resplendent"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'resplendent'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'luminous' is 'resplendent'.
Luminous: that shines in the dark. (अँधेरे में चमकने वाला)\n\t
- Example: a luminous watch...
\n\t
Resplendent: brightly coloured in an attractive and impressive way. (आकर्षक ढंग से चमकीला; दमकता हुआ, चमचमाता हुआ; देदीप्यमान)\n\t
- Example: My mother looked resplendent in a red silk sari.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: resplendent.

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Let's look at the meaning of other words:\n\t
- impudent: very rude; lacking respect and not polite. (बहुत अशिष्‍ट; आदरभाव और नम्रता से रहित, निर्लज्ज)
- strident: (used about a voice or a sound) loud and unpleasant. [(स्‍वर या ध्वनि) तीव्र और कर्णकटु; कानफोड़ू, तीक्ष्‍ण]
- transcendent: beyond or above the range of normal or physical human experience. (उत्कृष्ट)
\n\t

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 89, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

\n\n

Once in a blue moon

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Very ancient", "Very colorful", "Very rare", "Very high"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'Very rare'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'Once in a blue moon' is 'Very rare'.
Once in a blue moon: very rarely; almost never. (बहुत कम; लगभग कभी नहीं)\n\t
- Example: Once in a blue moon I go to the cinema, only when there's a film I really, really want to see.
  \n\t\t
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Answer: Once in a blue moon.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 90, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

\n\n

Who teaches her geography?

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["By who geography is taught to her? ", "By whom she is taught geography?", "By whom is she taught geography?", "By whom was she taught geography?"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'By whom is she taught geography?'

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The given sentence is in the active voice. As per the question we have to change it into passive voice.
The process of transformation is as follows:\n\t
- We know that 'Who' is changed into 'By whom' in 'active to passive' voice transformation.
- The structure of it as follows: \n\t\t
  - Who+has+V3+object?
  - By whom+has+Object+been+V3?
  \n\t\t
- 'teaches' will be changed into 'is taught'.
- Example:\n\t\t
  - Who has broken the chair? (active voice)
  - By whom has the chair been broken? (passive voice)
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: By whom is she taught geography?

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 91, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A. Because of the region's scorching heat and aridity, a considerable amount of water evaporates.

\n\n

B. As a result, the salt and other minerals become increasingly concentrated.

\n\n

C. It is then unable to exit the lake and is forced to evaporate.

\n\n

D. The Dead Sea is one of the saltiest bodies of water on the planet, with about ten times the salt content of typical saltwater.

\n\n

E. This is because water flows into the Dead Sea from a single primary tributary, the Jordan River.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["DECAB", "DCBAE", "DEABC", "DACEB"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'DECAB'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The given question is an example of a Para Jumble.
We know that the first statement of a para jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, starting of an incident, or it starts with 'most' or 'once'.
The correct sequence to form a coherent paragraph is: DECAB.\n\t
- D. The Dead Sea is one of the saltiest bodies of water on the planet, with about ten times the salt content of typical saltwater.
- E. This is because water flows into the Dead Sea from a single primary tributary, the Jordan River.
- C. It is then unable to exit the lake and is forced to evaporate.
- A. Because of the region's scorching heat and aridity, a considerable amount of water evaporates.
- B. As a result, the salt and other minerals become increasingly concentrated.
\n\t
This arrangement also makes sense. It begins by stating the uniqueness of the Dead Sea's saltiness (D) and then explains the reason behind this high salt content (E). Subsequently, it describes the inability of water to exit and the subsequent evaporation (C), which is due to the extreme heat and aridity of the region (A).
Finally, it concludes by linking the consequence of water evaporation to the increased concentration of salt and minerals (B). This sequence creates a logical flow of information, explaining the characteristics and factors contributing to the Dead Sea's high salinity.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 92, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A) Bauxite is used as a main raw material for the production of aluminium.

\n\n

B) Precipitation is a pre-final stage for actual production.

\n\n

C) Sodium aluminate is acquired in the next step.

\n\n

D) The smelting process actually extracts aluminium as a final product from its oxide.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["ABCD", "ACBD", "DCAB", "ADCB"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'ACBD'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The correct sequence to form a coherent paragraph is: ACBD.
Let's look at the correct sequence:\n\t
- A) Bauxite is used as a main raw material for the production of aluminium.
- C) Sodium aluminate is acquired in the next step.
- B) Precipitation is a pre-final stage for actual production.
- D) The smelting process actually extracts aluminium as a final product from its oxide.
\n\t
In this sequence, the paragraph starts with the introduction of bauxite as the primary raw material for aluminum production (A), then proceeds to describe the acquisition of sodium aluminate (C). Following this, it explains the role of precipitation as a preparatory stage (B) and concludes by describing the smelting process that extracts aluminum from its oxide (D). This arrangement forms a coherent explanation of the stages involved in aluminum production.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 93, "si": 3, "text": "

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

\n\n

A. She dashed from one side to the other, taking care not to destroy the lovely flowers in the garden.

\n\n

B. Karen took a stroll in a lovely garden full of tulips and butterflies.

\n\n

C. She discovered a swing constructed of tree branches behind a large bush.

\n\n

D. Karen went onto the swing without hesitation and began swinging, causing the wind to dishevel her hair.

\n\n

E. The small girl adored the outdoors and relished the breeze blowing through her hair.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["BEACD", "DBCAE", "BDECA", "BDCAE"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'BEACD'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate sequence of the given question is 'BEACD'.\n\n\t
- B. Karen took a stroll in a lovely garden full of tulips and butterflies.
- E. The small girl adored the outdoors and relished the breeze blowing through her hair.
- A. She dashed from one side to the other, taking care not to destroy the lovely flowers in the garden.
- C. She discovered a swing constructed of tree branches behind a large bush.
- D. Karen went onto the swing without hesitation and began swinging, causing the wind to dishevel her hair.
\n\t
This arrangement starts by introducing Karen's stroll in the beautiful garden (B), followed by the mention of the small girl enjoying the outdoors and the breeze (E). It then describes Karen being cautious not to damage the flowers in the garden (A), followed by her discovery of the swing made of tree branches (C). Finally, it concludes with Karen's immediate action of getting onto the swing and enjoying the experience (D). This sequence creates a coherent flow, describing Karen's exploration and enjoyment of the garden's elements.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 94, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

\n\n

Who broke my glasses?

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["Who had broken my glasses?", "Who is breaking my glasses?", "By whom were my glasses being broken?", "By whom were my glasses broken?"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'By whom were my glasses broken?'

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The given sentence is in the active voice. As per the question we have to change it into passive voice.
The process of transformation is as follows:\n\t
- We know that 'Who' is changed into 'By whom' in 'active to passive' voice transformation.
- The structure of it as follows: \n\t\t
  - Who+has+V3+object?
  - By whom+has+Object+been+V3?
  \n\t\t
- 'broke' will be changed into 'were broken'.
- Example:\n\t\t
  - Who has broken the chair? (active voice)
  - By whom has the chair been broken? (passive voice)
  \n\t\t
\n\t
Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: By whom were my glasses broken?

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 95, "si": 3, "text": "

Select the correctly spelt option that can substitute the underlined word in the given sentence.

\n\n

Her duel attitude misguides everyone.

\n", "comp": "", "opts": ["daul", "deul", "dual", "dwell"], "cidx": 2, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'dual'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The correctly spelt word that can substitute the underlined word "duel" in the sentence is: dual.
"Dual" means having two aspects or components. In the context of the sentence provided, "dual attitude" refers to having two contradictory or conflicting attitudes. The other options don't represent the intended meaning or are misspellings.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Sentence: Her dual attitude misguided everyone.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 96, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 1. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["use", "uses", "being use", "used"], "cidx": 3, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'used'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 1 is: used.
The given sentence requires a past participle to form the passive voice, indicating that the posters are the object receiving the action.
The context of the sentence indicates that posters are employed or utilized for a purpose.
"Used" as the past participle fits this meaning perfectly, indicating that posters are a tool or instrument for promoting a brand or passing information.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.
\n\t

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

"Uses" is the third-person singular present tense, which doesn't match the plural subject.
"Being use" is grammatically incorrect as it combines the gerund form ("being") with the bare infinitive ("use").
"Use" is the bare infinitive, which cannot function as the main verb in this sentence.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 97, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 2. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["away", "on", "for", "to"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'on'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The appropriate option to fill in blank no. 2: on.
The sentence structure discussing posters indicates they are utilized "to promote a brand or pass on important information."
Here, "pass on" implies that posters serve as a medium through which important information is communicated or transferred to the audience.
It highlights the role of posters as a channel or platform for conveying crucial details, emphasizing that the posters themselves are the means by which this information is transmitted.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 98, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 3. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["little", "varied", "much", "similar"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'varied'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 3 is: varied.
The sentence structure suggests that posters have diverse uses or applications.
They can serve various purposes, from warning people about a wet floor to informing them about upcoming sales or events. Therefore, "varied" fits well in this context to indicate the diverse range of purposes for which posters can be used.
\n\t

\n\n

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 99, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 4. ", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["nor", "and", "yet", "also"], "cidx": 1, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'and'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 4: and.
The sentence structure suggests that posters usually include a picture "and" very few words.
The word "and" in this context serves to connect or add to the previous statement, indicating that along with a picture, posters also contain minimal text. This conjunction helps convey that posters typically consist of both visual elements and limited textual information.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
\n\t

\n\n

Correct Passage: Posters are used to promote a brand or pass on important information. They can be used for varied purposes ranging from telling people to be cautious as the floor is wet, to informing them about an upcoming sale or event. They usually include a picture and very few words. A suitable (5) __________ makes a poster effective and memorable.

\n", "pos": 0, "neg": 0}, {"n": 100, "si": 3, "text": "Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 5.", "comp": "

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

\n\n

\n", "opts": ["caption", "anticipation", "quotation", "caution"], "cidx": 0, "sol": "

The correct answer is 'caption'.

\n\n

Key Points

\n\n

The most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 5 is 'caption'.
In the context provided, a "caption" is a concise explanation or description accompanying an image.
Since the sentence refers to posters usually including a picture and very few words, the term "caption" aligns with the idea that the limited textual content on a poster often consists of a brief description or caption that complements the image.
Captions play a crucial role in making a poster effective and memorable by providing context or enhancing the visual message.
\n\t

\n\n

Additional Information

\n\n

Anticipation is a feeling of excitement about something that is going to happen in the near future. In the context of a poster's elements, anticipation is more of an emotional response rather than a tangible component of a poster.
Quotation refers to a group of words taken from a text or speech and repeated by someone other than the original author or speaker. Although a quotation can be used in a poster, it is not as universally applicable or necessary for effectiveness as a caption.
Caution is a warning against danger or risk. While caution could be the focus of a poster's message, especially in safety posters, it is not an element that inherently makes a poster effective or memorable across all contexts.

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Solution

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' + q.text + '

' + '

' + opts + '

' + '

Correct Answers Is: ' + correctAns + '' + pctHtml + '

' + solHtml + '

'; } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // NAVIGATION // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function goToQ(n) { // save time for previous question if(curQ && curMode === 'attempt') { qTimes[String(curQ)] += Math.round((Date.now() - qStartTime) / 1000); qVisited[String(curQ)] = true; // update per-question timer display var ts = qTimes[String(curQ)]; var el = document.getElementById('qt' + curQ); if(el) el.textContent = (ts >= 60 ? Math.floor(ts/60)+':'+pad(ts%60) : '00:'+pad(ts)); } // hide previous card var prevCard = document.getElementById('acard' + curQ); if(prevCard) prevCard.classList.remove('active-card'); qStartTime = Date.now(); curQ = n; qVisited[String(n)] = true; var q = Q_DATA[n-1]; curSec = q.si; // update sec tabs document.querySelectorAll('.stab').forEach(function(b,i){ b.classList.toggle('active', i === curSec); }); // show current card only var card = document.getElementById('acard' + n); if(card) { card.classList.add('active-card'); window.scrollTo(0, 0); } refreshPalette(); } function secTabClick(si) { curSec = si; document.querySelectorAll('.stab').forEach(function(b,i){ b.classList.toggle('active', i===si); }); // go to first q of this section if(SEC_QNUMS[si] && SEC_QNUMS[si].length) goToQ(SEC_QNUMS[si][0]); } function saveAndNext() { // just advance nextQ(); } function markAndNext() { marked[String(curQ)] = true; refreshPalette(); updateQCircle(curQ); nextQ(); } function clearCurrent() { answers[String(curQ)] = -1; marked[String(curQ)] = false; renderOpts(curQ); updateQCircle(curQ); refreshPalette(); } function nextQ() { if(curQ < TOTAL) goToQ(curQ + 1); } function prevQ() { if(curQ > 1) goToQ(curQ - 1); } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // OPTION SELECT // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function selectOpt(qn, oi) { if(submitted && !reattempt) return; if(submitted && reattempt) { // reattempt mode: allow re-selection answers[String(qn)] = oi; renderOpts(qn); return; } // toggle if(answers[String(qn)] === oi) { answers[String(qn)] = -1; } else { answers[String(qn)] = oi; } renderOpts(qn); updateQCircle(qn); refreshPalette(); } function renderOpts(qn) { var q = Q_DATA[qn-1]; q.opts.forEach(function(_, oi) { var el = document.getElementById('opta_' + qn + '_' + oi); if(!el) return; el.classList.remove('sel','reveal-correct','reveal-wrong'); var icon = document.getElementById('oicon_' + qn + '_' + oi); if(icon) icon.innerHTML = ''; if(submitted && !reattempt) { if(oi === q.cidx) { el.classList.add('reveal-correct'); if(icon) icon.innerHTML = '✓'; } else if(oi === answers[String(qn)] && answers[String(qn)] !== q.cidx) { el.classList.add('reveal-wrong'); if(icon) icon.innerHTML = '✗ ○ ↺'; } } else if(answers[String(qn)] === oi) { el.classList.add('sel'); } }); } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // Q CIRCLE / PALETTE // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function stateClass(qn) { if(submitted) { var ans = answers[String(qn)]; var correct = Q_MAP[String(qn)].correct; if(ans === -1) return ''; return ans === correct ? 'correct' : 'wrong'; } if(marked[String(qn)]) return 'marked'; if(answers[String(qn)] !== -1) return 'attempted'; return ''; } function updateQCircle(qn) { var el = document.getElementById('qnc' + qn); if(!el) return; el.className = 'qnum-circle ' + stateClass(qn); } function refreshPalette() { // update palette buttons Q_DATA.forEach(function(q) { var btn = document.getElementById('palbtn' + q.n); if(!btn) return; btn.className = 'pal-btn'; var sc = stateClass(q.n); if(sc === 'attempted') btn.classList.add('p-attempted'); else if(sc === 'marked') btn.classList.add('p-marked'); else if(sc === 'correct') btn.classList.add('p-correct'); else if(sc === 'wrong') btn.classList.add('p-wrong'); if(q.n === curQ) btn.classList.add('p-current'); }); // update section stats SEC_NAMES.forEach(function(_, si) { var qns = SEC_QNUMS[si]; var att=0, mrk=0, unatt=0, unseen=0; qns.forEach(function(qn) { if(marked[String(qn)]) mrk++; else if(answers[String(qn)] !== -1) att++; else if(!qVisited[String(qn)]) unseen++; else unatt++; }); var el = document.getElementById('spstats' + si); if(el) el.innerHTML = '

★ '+mrk+'

' + '

'+att+'

' + '

'+unatt+'

' + '

'+unseen+'

'; }); // update q circles for all Q_DATA.forEach(function(q) { updateQCircle(q.n); }); } function toggleSpSec(si) { var pal = document.getElementById('sppal'+si); var arrow = document.getElementById('sp-arrow'+si); if(!pal) return; if(pal.style.display === 'none') { pal.style.display = ''; if(arrow) arrow.textContent = '∧'; } else { pal.style.display = 'none'; if(arrow) arrow.textContent = '∨'; } } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // BOOKMARK / STAR // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function toggleBookmark(qn, e) { e.stopPropagation(); var btn = document.getElementById('qibookmark'+qn); if(!btn) return; btn.classList.toggle('bookmark-on'); } function toggleStar(qn, e) { e.stopPropagation(); marked[String(qn)] = !marked[String(qn)]; var btn = document.getElementById('qistar'+qn); if(btn) { btn.classList.toggle('star-on', marked[String(qn)]); btn.textContent = marked[String(qn)] ? '★' : '☆'; } updateQCircle(qn); refreshPalette(); } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // PANEL // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function openPanel() { document.getElementById('side-overlay').style.display = 'block'; document.getElementById('side-panel').classList.add('open'); refreshPalette(); } function closePanel() { document.getElementById('side-overlay').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('side-panel').classList.remove('open'); } function spTab(i) { document.querySelectorAll('.sp-tab').forEach(function(b,idx){ b.classList.toggle('active',idx===i); }); } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // SUBMIT // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function openSubmitModal() { var att=0, mrk=0; Object.keys(answers).forEach(function(k){ if(answers[k]!==-1) att++; if(marked[k]) mrk++; }); document.getElementById('modal-attempted').textContent = att; document.getElementById('modal-unattempted').textContent = TOTAL - att; document.getElementById('modal-marked').textContent = mrk; document.getElementById('modal-timer').textContent = document.getElementById('hdr-timer').textContent; document.getElementById('submit-modal').classList.add('show'); closePanel(); } function closeSubmitModal() { document.getElementById('submit-modal').classList.remove('show'); } function confirmSubmit() { closeSubmitModal(); submitted = true; clearInterval(timerInterval); // reveal all opts in attempt mode Q_DATA.forEach(function(q) { renderOpts(q.n); }); refreshPalette(); // show analysis page showAnalysis(); } function normCdf(z) { // Abramowitz-Stegun approximation of the standard normal CDF. var t = 1/(1+0.2316419*Math.abs(z)); var d = 0.3989423*Math.exp(-z*z/2); var p = d*t*(0.3193815+t*(-0.3565638+t*(1.781478+t*(-1.821256+t*1.330274)))); return z>0 ? 1-p : p; } function renderRank(score, maxScore) { var card = document.getElementById('ana-rank-card'); var A = ANALYSIS || {}; var attempts = A.attempts || 0; var maxMarks = A.maxMarks || maxScore || 0; var topper = A.topperMarks || 0; var avg = A.avgMarks; // Nothing useful to estimate from → hide the card entirely. if(!attempts && (avg===undefined||avg===null) && !topper) { card.style.display='none'; return; } // Approximate the score distribution as a normal curve. if(avg===undefined||avg===null) avg = topper ? topper*0.45 : maxMarks*0.35; var std = (topper && topper>avg) ? (topper-avg)/3 : Math.max(1,(maxMarks||1)*0.15); if(std<=0) std = Math.max(1,(maxMarks||1)*0.15); var z = (score-avg)/std; var pct = normCdf(z)*100; if(topper && score>=topper) pct = 99.9; pct = Math.max(0.1, Math.min(99.9, pct)); document.getElementById('ana-percentile').textContent = pct.toFixed(1) + ' %ile'; if(attempts) { var rank = Math.max(1, Math.round((1-pct/100)*attempts)); if(topper && score>=topper) rank = 1; document.getElementById('ana-rank').textContent = '#' + rank.toLocaleString(); document.getElementById('ana-attempts').textContent = attempts.toLocaleString(); } else { document.getElementById('ana-rank').textContent = '-'; document.getElementById('ana-attempts').textContent = '-'; } var meta = []; if(topper) meta.push('Topper: ' + (topper%1===0?topper:topper.toFixed(1)) + ' / ' + maxMarks); if(A.avgMarks!==undefined && A.avgMarks!==null) meta.push('Avg: ' + (A.avgMarks%1===0?A.avgMarks:A.avgMarks.toFixed(1))); if(A.cutoff) meta.push('Cutoff: ' + A.cutoff); meta.push('Estimated from Testbook attempt data — actual rank may vary.'); document.getElementById('ana-rank-meta').innerHTML = meta.join(' • '); card.style.display = 'block'; } function showAnalysis() { var totalCorrect=0, totalWrong=0, totalSkip=0; var totalScore=0, maxScore=0; Q_DATA.forEach(function(q) { var ans = answers[String(q.n)]; var pos = Q_MAP[String(q.n)].pos || 1; var neg = Q_MAP[String(q.n)].neg || 0; maxScore += pos; if(ans === -1) { totalSkip++; } else if(ans === q.cidx) { totalCorrect++; totalScore += pos; } else { totalWrong++; totalScore -= neg; } }); var attempted = totalCorrect + totalWrong; var accuracy = attempted > 0 ? Math.round((totalCorrect / attempted) * 100) : 0; document.getElementById('ana-score').textContent = totalScore % 1 === 0 ? totalScore : totalScore.toFixed(2); document.getElementById('ana-max').textContent = maxScore % 1 === 0 ? maxScore : maxScore.toFixed(2); document.getElementById('ana-accuracy').textContent = accuracy + ' %'; document.getElementById('ana-attempted').textContent = attempted + '/' + TOTAL; document.getElementById('ana-correct-count').textContent = totalCorrect; document.getElementById('ana-wrong-count').textContent = totalWrong; // Estimated rank & percentile (only when Testbook attempt stats exist) renderRank(totalScore, maxScore); // Question analysis grid document.getElementById('ana-grid').innerHTML = '

' + totalCorrect + '

Correct

' + '

' + totalWrong + '

Incorrect

' + '

' + totalSkip + '

Unattempted

' + '

' + TOTAL + '

Total Questions

'; // Section-wise breakdown var secHtml = ''; SEC_NAMES.forEach(function(name, si) { var qns = SEC_QNUMS[si]; var sc=0, wc=0, sk=0, secScore=0, secMax=0; qns.forEach(function(qn) { var ans = answers[String(qn)]; var pos = Q_MAP[String(qn)].pos || 1; var neg = Q_MAP[String(qn)].neg || 0; secMax += pos; if(ans === -1) sk++; else if(ans === Q_MAP[String(qn)].correct) { sc++; secScore += pos; } else { wc++; secScore -= neg; } }); var pct = secMax > 0 ? Math.round(Math.max(0, secScore) / secMax * 100) : 0; secHtml += '

' + '' + name + '' + '

' + '' + (secScore % 1 === 0 ? secScore : secScore.toFixed(1)) + '/' + secMax + '' + '

'; }); document.getElementById('ana-sections').innerHTML = secHtml; switchMode('analysis'); } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // MODE SWITCH // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function switchMode(mode) { curMode = mode; var isAttempt = mode === 'attempt'; var isView = mode === 'view'; var isAnalysis = mode === 'analysis'; document.getElementById('hdr-attempt').style.display = isAttempt ? 'flex' : 'none'; document.getElementById('hdr-view').style.display = isView ? 'flex' : 'none'; document.getElementById('mode-attempt').style.display = isAttempt ? 'block' : 'none'; document.getElementById('mode-view').style.display = isView ? 'block' : 'none'; document.getElementById('mode-analysis').style.display = isAnalysis ? 'block' : 'none'; document.getElementById('attempt-bar').style.display = isAttempt ? 'flex' : 'none'; document.getElementById('sol-bar').style.display = isView ? 'flex' : 'none'; document.getElementById('sec-tabs').style.display = isAnalysis ? 'none' : 'flex'; if(isView) { // rebuild view cards with current answer state buildViewCards(); refreshSolQRow(); solScrollToQ(1); } } function refreshSolQRow() { Q_DATA.forEach(function(q) { var btn = document.getElementById('sqbtn' + q.n); if(!btn) return; btn.className = 'sol-qbtn'; var ans = answers[String(q.n)]; if(ans === -1) btn.classList.add('sq-skip'); else if(ans === q.cidx) btn.classList.add('sq-correct'); else btn.classList.add('sq-wrong'); }); } function solScrollToQ(n) { curQ = n; var card = document.getElementById('vcard' + n); if(card) card.scrollIntoView({behavior:'smooth', block:'start'}); } function solNav(dir) { var newQ = curQ + dir; if(newQ < 1) newQ = 1; if(newQ > TOTAL) newQ = TOTAL; solScrollToQ(newQ); document.getElementById('btn-prev').disabled = (newQ <= 1); document.getElementById('btn-next').disabled = (newQ >= TOTAL); } function buildSolSecCircles() { var container = document.getElementById('sol-sec-circles'); if(!container) return; container.innerHTML = ''; var allBtn = document.createElement('button'); allBtn.className = 'sol-sec-circle sec-all sec-active'; allBtn.textContent = 'All'; allBtn.onclick = function() { filterSolSec(-1); }; allBtn.id = 'sol-sec-all'; container.appendChild(allBtn); SEC_NAMES.forEach(function(name, i) { var btn = document.createElement('button'); btn.className = 'sol-sec-circle'; btn.textContent = (i + 1); btn.title = name; btn.id = 'sol-sec-btn' + i; btn.onclick = function() { filterSolSec(i); }; container.appendChild(btn); }); } function filterSolSec(si) { solFilter = si; var allBtn = document.getElementById('sol-sec-all'); if(allBtn) allBtn.classList.toggle('sec-active', si === -1); SEC_NAMES.forEach(function(_, i) { var btn = document.getElementById('sol-sec-btn' + i); if(btn) btn.classList.toggle('sec-active', i === si); }); Q_DATA.forEach(function(q) { var card = document.getElementById('vcard' + q.n); var qbtn = document.getElementById('sqbtn' + q.n); var show = (si === -1 || q.si === si); if(card) card.style.display = show ? 'block' : 'none'; if(qbtn) qbtn.style.display = show ? 'flex' : 'none'; }); } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // REATTEMPT TOGGLE // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function toggleReattempt() { reattempt = !reattempt; var track = document.getElementById('rt-track'); var thumb = document.getElementById('rt-thumb'); track.classList.toggle('off', !reattempt); thumb.classList.toggle('on', reattempt); } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // TIMER // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function startTimer() { timerInterval = setInterval(function() { if(paused) return; timerSecs--; if(timerSecs <= 0) { timerSecs = 0; clearInterval(timerInterval); confirmSubmit(); } var h = Math.floor(timerSecs/3600); var m = Math.floor((timerSecs%3600)/60); var s = timerSecs%60; var str = pad(h)+':'+pad(m)+':'+pad(s); document.getElementById('hdr-timer').textContent = str; document.getElementById('modal-timer').textContent = str; }, 1000); } function pad(n){ return n<10?'0'+n:n; } function togglePause() { paused = !paused; document.getElementById('btn-pause').textContent = paused ? '▶' : '⏸'; } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // LANGUAGE SWITCH // ══════════════════════════════════════════ function switchLanguage(lang) { if(lang === currentLang) return; if(!Q_DATA_ALL.hasOwnProperty(lang)) return; currentLang = lang; Q_DATA = Q_DATA_ALL[lang]; document.documentElement.lang = lang; var savedQ = curQ; var savedMode = curMode; buildSecTabs(); buildAttemptCards(); buildSidePanel(); buildSolQRow(); buildSolSecCircles(); Q_DATA.forEach(function(q) { renderOpts(q.n); }); goToQ(savedQ); refreshPalette(); if(savedMode === 'view') { buildViewCards(); refreshSolQRow(); solScrollToQ(savedQ); filterSolSec(solFilter); } updateLangSwitchUI(); } function updateLangSwitchUI() { document.querySelectorAll('.hdr-lang-switch .lang-btn').forEach(function(btn) { btn.classList.toggle('active', btn.getAttribute('data-lang') === currentLang); }); } // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // OFFLINE SUPPORT // ══════════════════════════════════════════ if(!navigator.onLine) { document.getElementById('offline-notice').style.display = 'block'; } window.addEventListener('offline', function() { document.getElementById('offline-notice').style.display = 'block'; }); window.addEventListener('online', function() { document.getElementById('offline-notice').style.display = 'none'; }); document.addEventListener('error', function(e) { if(e.target.tagName === 'IMG' && !e.target.dataset.fixed) { e.target.dataset.fixed = '1'; var src = e.target.getAttribute('src') || ''; // Fix protocol-relative URL if(src.indexOf('//') === 0) { e.target.src = 'https:' + src; return; } // Show small placeholder only after fixing attempt e.target.style.cssText = 'max-width:100%;min-height:40px;background:#f5f5f5;border:1px dashed #ddd;border-radius:4px'; e.target.alt = navigator.onLine ? 'Image failed to load' : 'Offline - image unavailable'; } }, true); // ══════════════════════════════════════════ // INIT // ══════════════════════════════════════════ buildAll();